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This is a list of sourdough breads. Sourdough is prepared through the fermentation of dough using naturally occurring lactobacilli and yeast. The lactic acid produced by the lactobacilli imbues it a more sour taste, as well as extending its shelf life compared to other breads.[a][2][3] Sourdough baking has a devoted community today. Many devotees share starters and tips via the Internet,[4] and hobbyists often proudly share their work on social media.[5][6]
In November 2020, United States Senator Ted Cruz joined a chorus of politicians who criticized Steve Adler, the Mayor of Austin, Texas, for taking a vacation to Florida to celebrate his daughter's wedding while the Covid-19 crisis was occurring.(news link, 2-18-21) A few months later on February 17, 2021, Senator Cruz took a vacation to Cancun, Mexico during the 2021 Texas power crisis power grid collapse, which left hundreds of thousands of Texans without any power or heat, and also no water at times. At the time, Cruz blamed his children for going to Cancun, stating that the trip was per his daughters' bidding.(news link, 2-18-21)
———— Texas leadership ————
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In September 2021, Mississippi governor Tate Reeves declared that President Joe Biden's coronavirus vaccination mandate for federal workers was an "attack on hardworking Americans".(news link, 9-19-21)At that time, Mississippi continued to suffer the second-highest Covid death rate in the world, and Reeves appeared to lack any ability to provide coherent responses to how he planned to address the tragic situation there.(news link, 9-19-21)
Go placidly amid the noise and the haste, and remember what peace there may be in silence. As far as possible, without surrender, be on good terms with all persons.
Speak your truth quietly and clearly; and listen to others, even to the dull and the ignorant; they too have their story.
Avoid loud and aggressive persons; they are vexatious to the spirit. If you compare yourself with others, you may become vain or bitter, for always there will be greater and lesser persons than yourself.
Enjoy your achievements as well as your plans. Keep interested in your own career, however humble; it is a real possession in the changing fortunes of time.
Exercise caution in your business affairs, for the world is full of trickery. But let this not blind you to what virtue there is; many persons strive for high ideals, and everywhere life is full of heroism.
Be yourself. Especially do not feign affection. Neither be cynical about love; for in the face of all aridity and disenchantment it is as perennial as the grass.
Take kindly the counsel of the years, gracefully surrendering the things of youth.
Nurture strength of spirit to shield you in sudden misfortune. But do not distress yourself with dark imaginings. Many fears are born of fatigue and loneliness.
Beyond a wholesome discipline, be gentle with yourself. You are a child of the universe no less than the trees and the stars; you have a right to be here.
And whether or not it is clear to you, no doubt the universe is unfolding as it should. Therefore be at peace with God, whatever you conceive Him to be. And whatever your labors and aspirations, in the noisy confusion of life, keep peace in your soul. With all its sham, drudgery and broken dreams, it is still a beautiful world. Be cheerful. Strive to be happy.
Desiderata by Max Ehrmann.
Ehrmann, Bertha, ed. (1948). The Poems of Max Ehrmann. Bruce Humphries, Inc. p. 165. Original Text www.desiderata.com.
Top to Bottom, Left to Right: Far view of Simaisma's coastline, Overhead view of the landscape surrounding Simaisma, Light roadside vegetation in a residential area, Mosque minaret standing out in a residential area
16:10 (1.6:1) Made common with 1280×800, 1440×900, 1680×1050, and 1920×1200 displays
16:9 (1.78:1) Became most common aspect ratio for computer displays in 2012
Tocclours
…the Stasi often used a method which was really diabolic. It was called Zersetzung, and it's described in another guideline. The word is difficult to translate because it means originally "biodegradation." But actually, it's a quite accurate description. The goal was to destroy secretly the self-confidence of people, for example by damaging their reputation, by organizing failures in their work, and by destroying their personal relationships. Considering this, East Germany was a very modern dictatorship. The Stasi didn't try to arrest every dissident. It preferred to paralyze them, and it could do so because it had access to so much personal information and to so many institutions.
Don't take this too seriously. Someone just wants to let you know you did something silly.
Sent using ((Stink bomb))
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…the Stasi often used a method which was really diabolic. It was called Zersetzung, and it's described in another guideline. The word is difficult to translate because it means originally "biodegradation." But actually, it's a quite accurate description. The goal was to destroy secretly the self-confidence of people, for example by damaging their reputation, by organizing failures in their work, and by destroying their personal relationships. Considering this, East Germany was a very modern dictatorship. The Stasi didn't try to arrest every dissident. It preferred to paralyze them, and it could do so because it had access to so much personal information and to so many institutions.
Oppose and tag as an information page. At its inception, the page never received actual formal discussion to be enacted as a real English Wikipedia guideline page. Instead, label Wikipedia:Portal/Guidelines as an information page using the ((information page)) template. There are many reasons why.
The gist of the lead for the portal was added subjectively and unilaterally by one user in 2006 (diff), and no discussion appears to have actually occurred about it until relatively recently. Guidelines should be decided upon via consensus, not by a unilateral addition of content from one user. Meantime, the page has been treated as an actual guideline, despite the content being based solely upon one person's opinion, which furthermore, was added to the page at its infancy.
Furthermore, the page was shortly thereafter marked as historical (diff), with an edit summary stating, "((historical)), not an active proposal per lack of talk page activity; suspect lack of advertisement".
After this, and importantly, the historical template was removed (diff), with an edit summary stating, "removed historical tag; this was not intended as a proposed Wikipedia Guideline, but merely guidelines as in advice for portal creators." (Underline emphasis mine).
Per the diffs, the page was not even intended as a proposed guideline from the start, and no consensus was ever formed for the content therein. The page was intended from the start as an information page. It's actually rather a farce that the page was somehow converted to a guideline page, because there doesn't appear to be any meaningful discussion leading to that change. It's like someone just slapped the Guideline page template page on it and it just simply stuck thereafter, sans any consensus.
Furthermore, the lead of the present WP:POG page is worded as an illogical and bizarre syllogism. Some users have been stating that if a portal does not receive what they deem to be adequate page views or maintenance, then the topic itself is somehow not broad enough. Of course, this standard could not be used anywhere else on Wikipedia, because people would reject this as absurd. For example, the Music article does not receive a great deal of page maintenance, yet the topic itself is obviously broad in scope, both in terms of the topic itself and in terms of the amount of related content available on English Wikipedia. The manner in which this syllogism is worded on the page is subjective and inferior, and has been misused to define topical scope as based upon page views and page maintainers, rather than upon the actual scope of a given topic.
I notice POG being utilized in various areas of Wikipedia like it's still a guideline, after it was demoted as a guideline. Here is my 2 cents:
In the event you were not aware of it, per this discussion, which was closed on 26 September 2019 (UTC), is specifically what led to POG being demoted from being a guideline. At the discussion, it was determined that "there is clear consensus that the "Portal guidelines" are not, in fact, official guidelines."
Below is detailed information regarding why POG was never valid as a guideline in the first place. I have posted it in collapsed form to keep your talk page tidy.
I am surprised to see users on Wikipedia in various areas still referring to it as though if it is a guideline, when in fact, it was never valid as one in the first place.
((subst:Basic portal start page))
THE _____ PORTAL Showcased content about _____
<div style="float:right">((User believes in peace love and happiness))[[File:Nuvola apps kopete.png|right|65px]]</div>
There are three processes under which mainspace articles are deleted: 1) speedy deletion; 2) proposed deletion (prod) and 3) Articles for deletion (AfD). For more information, see WP:Why was my page deleted? To find out why the particular article you posted was deleted, go to the deletion log and type into the search field marked "title," the exact name of the article, mindful of the original capitalization, spelling and spacing. The deletion log entry will show when the article was deleted, by which administrator, and typically contain a deletion summary listing the reason for deletion. If you wish to contest this deletion, please contact the administrator first on their talk page and, depending on the circumstances, politely explain why you think the article should be restored, or why a copy should be provided to you so you can address the reason for deletion before reposting the article. If this is not fruitful, you have the option of listing the article at WP:Deletion review, but it will probably only be restored if the deletion was clearly improper.
((Deprod)) (for notifying a PROD nominator that you have removed their PROD tag)
((Deprod-reprod)) (for notifying a PROD nominator that you have removed their PROD tag because the page has previously been de-prodded or listed at a deletion discussion)
((Deprod-blp)) (for notifying a BLP PROD nominator that you have removed their BLP PROD tag)
Blue Alert. Any extra Wikipedia Security Personnel (aka Vandal Fighters) would be helpful.[view • purge]3.00 RPM according to EnterpriseyBot 00:10, 27 March 2024 (UTC) change
Kishkiyya – a porridge in Iraqi cuisine from the 10th century that was consumed in Baghdad, it was prepared using ground wheat and meat.[2]
Luwombo – A dish in Ugandan cuisine consisting of meat, peanuts called luwombo and vegetables that is steamed in a banana leaf and typically served with a side dish of plantains.[3]
The countries in this table are categorized according to the scheme for geographic subregions used by the United Nations, and data included are per sources in cross-referenced articles. Where they differ, provisos are clearly indicated.
"The American journalist George Kennan (1854-1924) spent many years travelling in and writing about Russia. After the assassination of Tsar Alexander II in 1881, Kennan wanted to go to Siberia to examine the penal system and the punishment of political exiles. In this unflinching account, published in two volumes in 1891, Kennan gives vivid descriptions, accompanied by extensive illustrations of the prisons and labour camps and the harsh lives of the people forced to live there."
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ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̷̖̰̱͈̘̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠⬚⃝҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̷̖̰̱͈̘̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠⬚⃝҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠vت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̷̖̰̱͈̘̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠⬚⃝҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̷̖̰̱͈̘̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠⬚⃝҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟҉̟ت̢ͭ҉̢ͫ҈̢̢҈̢̢̢ͤͥͭͫͤͥ҈ͣ҈̢ͫͤͬͭͫ҉ͥ҈̢ͣͬ҈ͫͤͥ҉̢̢̢̢̢̢ͨ҉̢̢҈̢҉̢ͤͥͦͬ҈̢ͧ҈̢҈̢̢ͫ҈̢̢ͫͤ҈̢ͫͤͥ҈ͮͯͭͫ҉ͥͭ҈ͩͧ҈ͣͬͭͫͥ҈ͣͬ҈ͤ҈ͪͫͤͥ҈ͤ҈҉ͩͧͬͭ҉ͫͥ҈ͣͤͫͤͥͬͨ҈ͩͧͤͦ҈ͤͥ҈ͣ҉҈يͩͧͬͭ҈Ͱ҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅҉̅Ͱ͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉͟҉ه҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈̿҈⇋░░⃝҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉░҉░҉░҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉҉⃝̆ͥ͊͆́̉̆̇͢͠
Confirmation bias – the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses, while giving disproportionately less consideration to alternative possibilities.[1]
Groupshift – a phenomenon in which the initial positions of individual members of a group are exaggerated toward a more extreme position.Template:Efn When people are in groups, they make decisions about risk differently from when they are alone. In the group, they are likely to make riskier decisions, as the shared risk makes the individual risk less.
Information cascade – occurs when a person observes the actions of others and then – despite possible contradictions in his/her own private information signals – engages in the same acts. A cascade develops whereby people "abandon their own information in favor of inferences based on earlier people's actions".[3]
Mind map – a diagram used to visually organize information. A mind map is hierarchical and shows relationships among pieces of the whole.[4] It is often created around a single concept, drawn as an image in the center of a blank page, to which associated representations of ideas such as images, words and parts of words are added. Major ideas are connected directly to the central concept, and other ideas branch out from those.
Social proof – a psychological phenomenon where people assume the actions of others in an attempt to reflect correct behavior for a given situation. This effect is prominent in ambiguous social situations where people are unable to determine the appropriate mode of behavior, and is driven by the assumption that surrounding people possess more knowledge about the situation.
==Merger complete==
((merge done)) Information from [[ ]] has been merged into this article. ~~~~
==Merger complete==
((merge done)) Information from this article has been merged into [[ ]]. ~~~~
When Wikipedia content is orphaned or underlinked, it is like being on a hamster wheel. The work is performed, but then nobody will ever see it, negating the purpose of performing the work in the first place, deforming it into pointless busy work.
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