Lieutenant General Vasantha R. Raghavan PVSM UYSM AVSM
Allegiance	India
Service/branch	Indian Army
Rank	Lieutenant General
Unit	Punjab Regiment

Lt. Gen. (Retd.) Vasantha R. Raghavan is a former Indian military general and now a security consultant. He retired as the director general of military operations in 1994, having served in the Indian Army for 37 years. After retiring from the army, he has written several books and is currently the director of the Delhi Policy Group and president of the Centre for Security Analysis in Chennai.^[when?]

Military career

Raghavan was commissioned in the Punjab Regiment in 1957. He graduated in 1968 from the Royal Military College of Science and the Army Staff College in the UK.^[when?] He was the commanding general in the Siachen and Kargil sectors during some of the intense combat actions in the area.^[when?] He was closely involved in the formulation of the Sino-Indian accord on maintaining peace on the borders and in the series of negotiations^[when?] with Pakistan on the Siachen dispute. As director general of military operations, he was closely involved in strategic planning and field force management^[when?] of the army. He was awarded the PVSM, UYSM, and AVSM honours^[when?] by the Government of India.

Publications

Raghavan has written four books since retiring from military service:

• By the Land and Sea: A History of the Punjab Regiment
• India’s Need for Strategic Balance
• Infantry in India
• Siachen: Conflict Without End^[1]

He has also edited several books:

• Internal Conflicts in Myanmar
• Nuclear Disarmament - India-EU Perspective
• Internal Conflicts in Nepal- Transnational Consequences
• The Naxal Threat: Causes, State Responses and Consequence
• Conflict in Sri Lanka: Internal and External Consequences
• Conflicts in the Northeast: Internal and External Effects (jointly edited with Sanjoy Hazarika)
• Jammu and Kashmir - Impact on Polity, Society and Economy
• Post Conflict Sri Lanka - Rebuilding of Society

He has also edited more than a dozen other books and written numerous articles on strategic issues relating to India's security.

Later activities and security advocacy

In his book on the Siachen conflict, he argues that neither India nor Pakistan gain a strategic advantage from the occupation of the Saltoro range and proposes a road map for conflict resolution.^[2] His piece on "Limited War and Nuclear Escalation in South Asia" in the Nonproliferation Review in 2001 concluded that there was a high probability of a nuclear exchange between India and Pakistan in the event of a direct military conflict between the two countries.^[3] Raghavan was a member of the independent Commission on Weapons of Mass Destruction set up at the initiative of the Swedish Government and headed by Dr. Hans Blix. The Commission released a report, entitled "Weapons of Terror: Freeing the World of Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Arms in 2006", which proposed that nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons be outlawed and discussed the options for achieving this goal.^[4]

He was also a member of the Indian Government's Review Committee of the Armed Forces Special Powers Act, which had been opposed in Manipur and other parts of North-East India.^[when?] Although the government has not published the committee's 2005 report, it was reported that the panel recommended that the act be repealed. Raghavan has argued that security should be viewed in terms of human security in societal, environmental, economic, and political terms,^{[when?][where?]} instead of the narrow military perspective.