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((more citations needed|date=June 2008))
((Infobox person
| name               = Metropolitan Vasyl (Lypkivsky)
| image              = Vasyl Lypkivskiy 01.jpg
| caption            = One of the last photos of Metropolitan Vasyl (Lypkivsky)
| birth_date         = ((birth date|1864|09|07|df=y))
| birth_place        = [[Uman Raion|Popudnya]] in [[Kyiv Governorate]]
| death_date         = ((death date and age|1937|11|27|1864|09|07|df=y))
| death_place        = [[Kyiv]]
| signature          = Vasyl Lypkivsky Signature 1926.png
))

'''Vasyl Kostiantynovych Lypkivsky''' (((lang-uk|Василь Костянтинович Липківський)); 7 September 1864 – 27 November 1937) was the founder of the [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church]] and the first auto-[[Consecrations in Eastern Christianity|consecrated]] "[[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan]] of Kyiv and All Ukraine" (1921–1927).

==Education and early ministry==

Vasyl Lypkivsky was born in the village of [[Uman Raion|Popudnya]] in the [[Kiev Governorate|Kyiv Governorate]] (now [[Cherkasy Oblast]]), where his father was a [[priest]].

In 1873 he began his education at the [[Uman]] Theological Seminary and graduated from the [[Kyiv Theological Academy]] in 1889 with the title of Candidate of Theology.<ref name="UAOC">[[Mytrofan Yavdas]]. ''Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church'', Regional Church Assembly of Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (Council Ruled) in the Federal Republic of Germany, Munich, 1956</ref> On 20 October 1891 he was ordained as a [[clergy]]man. He [[Minister (Christianity)|ministered]] in the Lipovets region, staying there for a period of 11 years. In 1903 he was transferred to [[Kyiv]] and was appointed as director of the School for Teachers of Religion in Kyiv. Because of his participation in the Ukrainian ecclesiastic movement, he was removed from his position in 1905 and transferred to the parish of Kyiv-Solomenka in the capacity of [[Prior (ecclesiastical)|prior]].<ref name="UAOC" />

==Involvement in the independence movement==

During this time the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] in [[Ukraine]] remained part of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] until [[Ukraine]] affirmed its independence in the chaotic situation following [[World War I]] and the [[Russian Revolution of 1917|Russian revolution]]. In 1905, Lypkivsky became President of the Congress of Clergymen. Because of his [[Ukrainophilia]] and [[Classical liberalism|liberal]] views, he fell in disgrace with his superiors. One of his campaigns was for the use of [[Ukrainian language]] instead of the [[Church Slavonic language]] being used in church services. In 1917, he was again President of the Congress of Clergymen and Laymen. At this congress, a resolution for the [[autocephaly]] of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church was made.<ref name="UAOC" />

The government of the new [[Ukrainian People's Republic|Ukrainian Republic]] passed a law allowing for the founding of a [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church]] in 1919. Under his supervision, the first religious service in the Ukrainian language took place at the [[St. Nicholas Military Cathedral]] in [[Kyiv]] on 9 May (Old Style) 1919.<ref>((cite book |last1=Власовський |first1=Іван |title=Нарис Історії Української Православної Церкви, IV, частина перша |date=1990 |publisher=Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church |page=74 |edition=2nd))</ref> For this reason, the Russian bishops prohibited his religious services and deprived him of his clerical title. For the time being, an unstructured association in favor of ending ties with the Russian church was gaining ground among the Ukrainian Orthodox faithful.

==Creation of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church==
[[Image:Vasyl Lypkivskiy 03.jpg|thumb|Metropolitan Vasyl (Lypkivsky) in 1921.]]
The move for autonomy from Russia led to the assertion of Ukrainian [[autocephaly]] at the First All-Ukrainian Orthodox Church Council on 23 October 1921. Since no [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] [[bishop]] would take part in this action, the council decided to [[ordain]] its leader, Archpriest Vasyl Lypkivsky, as [[Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine]] for the [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church]] through the laying-on-of-hands by the [[priests]] and [[Laity|laypeople]] present. Because of the extremely unorthodox method it used to obtain a [[hierarchy]], and its disrespect for some established canonical principles, this church was never acknowledged by any other Orthodox church. However, by early 1924 the new church had 30 bishops and approximately 1,500 priests and deacons serving in nearly 1,100 parishes in the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]], with possibly as many as six million faithful.

==Persecution, arrest and death==

Lipkivsky spent the whole period of his office as Metropolitan travelling to parishes throughout Ukraine. Under [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] rule the authorities at first viewed the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in a positive way as a counterweight to the Russian Orthodox Church, but by the late 1920s they saw it as a dangerous expression of [[Ukrainian nationalism]]. During his time as Metropolitan he was arrested by authorities of the Soviet government several times. The authorities often prohibited his departures from Kyiv and travel to parishes in Ukraine. Upon demands of the Soviet government, he was removed from his position as Metropolitan at the Second All-Ukrainian Orthodox Church Council in 1927.<ref name="UAOC" />

In 1927, he was placed under [[house arrest]], whereby his permission to depart from Kyiv and to conduct religious services in the churches of the city of Kyiv was withdrawn. His arrest in quarters continued from 1927 to 1937.<ref name="UAOC" /> Under threat of [[Political repression in the Soviet Union|Soviet repression]], the Ukrainian Orthodox Church dissolved itself and accepted incorporation into the Russian-dominated [[Moscow Patriarchate]] in 1930.

In February 1937, Metropolitan Vasyl (Lypkivsky) was arrested by the Russian Secret Police, the [[NKVD]]. In 1937 he was sentenced to death by the decree of an [[NKVD troika]], and was [[execution|executed]] on 27 November 1937.

In 1989, he was politically "[[Rehabilitation (Soviet)|rehabilitated]]" by the Soviet government.

((s-start))

((succession box
| before = -
| title = ((nowrap|[[Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine]] <br/> ([[UAOC]])))
| years = 1921–1927
| after = [[Mykola (Boretsky)]]
))

((s-end))

==References==
((Reflist))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Lypkivsky, Vasyl))
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Cherkasy Oblast]]
[[Category:People from Kiev Governorate]]
[[Category:Primates of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox people executed by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Great Purge victims from Ukraine]]
[[Category:Soviet rehabilitations]]
[[Category:Kiev Theological Academy alumni]]

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