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((short description|1969 Soviet robotic lander on Venus))
((Use mdy dates|date=June 2018))
((More citations needed|date=April 2008))
((Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = Venera 6
| image                 = The Soviet Union 1969 CPA 3821 stamp (Space Probe, Space Capsule and Orbits).jpg
| image_size            = 130px
| image_caption         = Venera 6

| mission_type          = [[Venus]] atmospheric probe
| operator              = [[Lavochkin]]
| COSPAR_ID             = 1969-002A<ref name="nssdc">((cite web |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-002A |title=Venera 6 |website=NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive|access-date=July 3, 2017))</ref>
| SATCAT                = 3648
| mission_duration      = Travel: ((time interval|10 January 1969|17 May 1969|show=d))<br />Atmosphere: 51 minutes

| spacecraft            = [[2V (V-69)]] No.331
| manufacturer          = [[Lavochkin]]
| dry_mass              = ((convert|410|kg|lb|abbr=on))
| launch_mass           = ((convert|1130|kg|lb|abbr=on))<ref name=Venera_6>((cite book|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf|title=Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016|last1=Siddiqi|first1=Asif|publisher=NASA History Program Office|edition=second|year=2018))</ref>
| landing_mass          = 
| power                 =

| launch_date           = ((start-date|January 10, 1969, 05:51:52|timezone=yes))&nbsp;UTC<ref name=Venera_6></ref>
| launch_rocket         = [[Molniya-M|Molniya 8K78M]]
| launch_site           = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]
| last_contact          = ((end-date|May 17, 1969))

| orbit_epoch           = 
| orbit_reference       = [[Heliocentric orbit|Heliocentric]]
| orbit_periapsis       = 0.71 AU
| orbit_apoapsis        = 0.98 AU
| orbit_inclination     = 2.0° 
| orbit_period          = 285 days 
| apsis                 = helion

|interplanetary         = 
 ((Infobox spaceflight/IP
   |type                = atmospheric
   |object              = [[Venus]]
   |arrival_date        = May 17, 1969, 06:05 UT
   |location            = ((Venus coords and quad cat|5|S|23|E))<br/><small>(10–12 km altitude)</small>
 ))

| programme             = [[Venera program|Venera]]
| previous_mission      = [[Venera 5]]
| next_mission          = [[Venera 7]]
))

'''Venera 6''' (''((lang-ru|link=no|Венера-6))'' meaning ''Venus 6''), or '''2V (V-69) No.331''', was a Soviet [[spacecraft]], launched towards [[Venus]] to obtain atmospheric data. It had an on-orbit dry mass of ((convert|1130|kg|lb|abbr=on)).

The spacecraft was very similar to [[Venera 4]] although it was of a stronger design. When the atmosphere of Venus was approached, a capsule with a mass of ((convert|405|kg|lb)) was jettisoned from the main spacecraft. This capsule contained scientific instruments.

During descent towards the surface of Venus, a parachute opened to slow the rate of descent. For 51 minutes on May 17, 1969, while the capsule was suspended from the parachute, data from the Venusian atmosphere were returned. It landed at ((Venus coords and quad cat|5|S|23|E)).

The spacecraft also carried a medallion bearing the [[Coat of Arms of the Soviet Union|State Coat of Arms of the Soviet Union]] and a bas-relief of [[Lenin]] to the night side of Venus.

Given the results from Venera 4, the [[Venera 5]] and Venera 6 landers contained new chemical analysis experiments tuned to provide more precise measurements of the atmosphere's components. Knowing the atmosphere was extremely dense, the parachutes were also made smaller so the capsule would reach its full crush depth before running out of power (as Venera-4 had done).

== Instruments ==
=== Spaceship ===
* Instrument '''COP-18-3M''' for the study of cosmic particle streams;
* '''LA-2U''' device for determining the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen in the planet's atmosphere.
=== Lander ===
* Pressure sensors '''MDDA-A''' type to measure atmospheric pressure in the range from 100 to 30,000 mm [[Mercury (element)|Hg]] Art. (0,13–40 atm);
* '''G-8''' gas analyzers to determine the chemical composition of the [[Atmosphere of Venus|atmosphere]];
* '''VIP''' device for determining the density of the atmosphere at an altitude;
* '''FD-69''' for illumination measurements in the atmosphere;
* '''EC-164D''' to determine the temperature at the height of the atmosphere.

== Mission ==
Venera 6 was launched into an [[Earth]] parking orbit on January 10, 1969, at 05:51:52 UT and then from a Tyazheliy Sputnik (69-002C) towards Venus. After a mid-course maneuver on March 16 the Venera 6 probe was released on May 17, 1969, ((convert|25000|km|mi|sp=us)) from the planet. 

It entered the nightside atmosphere at 06:05 UT and deployed the parachute. The probe sent back readouts every 45 seconds for 51 minutes and ceased operation due to the temperature and pressure effects at roughly ((convert|10|to|12|km)) altitude. The photometer failed to operate, but the atmosphere was sampled at 2 bar and 10 bar pressures.<ref name="nssdc"/>

((-))

==See also==
* [[List of missions to Venus]]

==External links==
((Portal|Spaceflight))
((commons category|Venera 6))

* [http://www.laspace.ru/rus/venera6.php Venera 6] at [[Lavochkin]] website

==References==
((reflist))

((Venera))
((Orbital launches in 1969))
((Venus spacecraft))

((DEFAULTSORT:Venera 06))
[[Category:Venera program]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1969]]
[[Category:1969 in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Derelict landers (spacecraft)]]
[[Category:2MV]]

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