Vulcan
Vickers Vulcan Type 61
Role	Airliner Type of aircraft
Manufacturer	Vickers
Designer	Rex Pierson
First flight	April 1922
Introduction	1 June 1922
Retired	July 1928
Primary users	Instone Air Line Imperial Airways
Produced	1922–1925
Number built	8

The Vickers Vulcan was a British single-engine biplane airliner of the 1920s built by Vickers Limited at Brooklands Aerodrome, Surrey. It carried eight passengers and a pilot.

Development

The Vickers Vulcan was designed by Rex Pierson of Vickers. It first flew in April 1922 at the hands of chief test pilot, S. Cockerell, at Brooklands Aerodrome in Surrey, UK.

The Vulcan was based on a civil version of the Vimy bomber, but featured many changes, including a much larger, taller fuselage and one, instead of two, Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII engines, the intention being low operating costs. The shape of its fuselage, as well as its flying characteristics, earned it the nickname "Flying Pig". The first delivery took place in August 1922, to Instone Air Line Ltd. Other operators included Imperial Airways and Qantas (however, the latter returned the aircraft as their performance was too poor for the company's needs). The last Vulcan flying was a Type 74 with Imperial Airways. It crashed in July 1928 while on a test flight from Croydon Airport.

Variants

• Type 61 - first production version, five built.
• Type 63 - cargo version based on the Type 61, one built
• Type 68 - proposed colonial variant with an Eagle VIII engine, not built.
• Type 74 - upgraded to 450 hp Napier Lion engine, two built
• Type 86 - proposed all-metal variant with an Eagle VIII engine, not built.

Operators

 Australia

• Qantas

 United Kingdom

• Imperial Airways
• Instone Air Line

Accidents and incidents

• G-EBEM (Type 61) Disappeared off the coast of Italy in May 1926.
• G-EBLB (Type 74) crashed during a test flight from Croydon Airport at Purley July 1928.

Specifications (Vulcan Type 74)

Data from Vickers Aircraft Since 1908^[1]

General characteristics

• Crew: 1
• Capacity: 6–8 passengers
• Length: 38 ft 0 in (11.58 m)
• Wingspan: 49 ft 0 in (14.94 m)
• Height: 14 ft 3 in (4.34 m)
• Wing area: 840 sq ft (78 m²)
• Empty weight: 4,400 lb (1,996 kg)
• Gross weight: 6,750 lb (3,062 kg)
• Powerplant: 1 × Napier Lion 12-cylinder water-cooled broad arrow piston engine, 450 hp (340 kW)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 112 mph (180 km/h, 97 kn) at sea level
• Range: 460 mi (740 km, 400 nmi)
• Service ceiling: 10,500 ft (3,200 m)
• Rate of climb: 500 ft/min (2.5 m/s)
• Time to altitude: 13 min to 5,000 ft (1,500 m)