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((short description|Mentholated topical ointment))
((more citations needed|date=April 2020))
((Infobox product
| title            = VapoRub
| image            = Vicks VapoRub (51013600352) (cropped).jpg
| caption          = 
| type             = [[Ointment]]
| inventor         = [[Lunsford Richardson]]
| inception        = ((start date|1905))
| manufacturer     = [[Vicks]]
| available        = Available
| website          = ((URL|vicks.com/en-us/shop-products/vaporub))
))
[[File:Vicks VapoRub - March 1922 Ad.jpg|thumb|Vicks VapoRub ad, 1922]]
'''Vicks VapoRub''' is a [[menthol]]ated [[Topical medication|topical]] [[ointment]], part of the [[Vicks]] brand of [[Over-the-counter substance|over-the-counter]] medications owned by the American consumer goods company [[Procter & Gamble]].
VapoRub is intended for use [[Chest rub|on the chest]], back and throat for cough suppression or on muscles and joints for minor aches and pains. Users of VapoRub often apply it immediately before sleep.

First sold in 1905, VapoRub was originally manufactured by the family-owned company Richardson-Vicks, Inc., based in [[Greensboro, North Carolina]]. Richardson-Vicks was sold to Procter & Gamble in 1985 and is now known as Vicks. VapoRub is also manufactured and packaged in India and Mexico. In [[German-speaking countries]] (apart from Switzerland), it is sold under the name ''Wick VapoRub'' to avoid [[brand blunder]]ing, as "Vicks" when pronounced in [[German language|German]] would sound similar to the vulgar word ''wichs'' (wank).<ref>((cite web |title=WICK Vaporub Erkältungssalbe: gegen Erkältung |url=http://www.wick.de/produkte/gegen-schnupfen/vapo-rub-erkaeltungssalbe-was-hilft-gegen-schnupfen/ |publisher=Wick.de |date=2016-01-02 |language=de |access-date=2017-06-17 |archive-date=2014-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140210002812/http://www.wick.de/produkte/gegen-schnupfen/vapo-rub-erkaeltungssalbe-was-hilft-gegen-schnupfen/ |url-status=dead ))</ref> VapoRub continues to be Vicks's flagship product internationally, and the Vicks brand name is often used synonymously with the VapoRub product.

==History==
The product can be traced to Jules Bengué, a French pharmacist, who created [[Bengay|Ben-Gay]], a menthol-based treatment for arthritis, gout and neuralgia. [[Lunsford Richardson]], a pharmacist in Selma, North Carolina, sold Ben-Gay and heard from his customers that it cleared their sinuses. He blended menthol into petroleum jelly, at first calling it Richardson's Croup and Pneumonia Cure Salve, later changing the name to Vicks VapoRub. It was named after Richardson's brother-in-law, Joshua Vick, a physician who had arranged for Richardson to have access to a laboratory to create the product. Richardson began selling it in 1905, renaming it Vaporub in 1912.<ref>((cite book|last1=Schwarcz|first1=Joe|title=Dr. Joe and what You Didn't Know|date=2003|publisher=ECW Press|location=Toronto|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=vAXcX2xm6esC&pg=PA142 142]))</ref> In 2019, Vicks re-introduced VapoCream, a cream version of VapoRub - which was previously discontinued in the early 2000s.

The product is a cultural touchstone among [[Hispanic and Latino Americans]].<ref name="Los Angeles Times article">((cite news|last=Bermudez|first=Esmerelda|title='Vivaporu': For many Latinos, memories of Vicks VapoRub are as strong as the scent of eucalyptus|date=March 26, 2019|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=October 26, 2019|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-col1-vicks-vaporub-20190326-htmlstory.html))</ref>

==Usage==
((more medical citations needed|section|date=November 2019))
((original research|section|date=July 2021))
[[File:Vicks vaporub ad 1922.png|thumb|Vaporub ad from 1922, showing the international ingredients and the factory]]
VapoRub can be inhaled with hot steam.<ref>Dotzel, M. M. (2000). ''Human drugs: Antitussive products containing camphor or menthol; final monograph''. Food and Drug Administration, HHS. https://regulations.vlex.com/vid/antitussive-camphor-menthol-monograph-23095125</ref> Any oil-based product can get into the lungs if used improperly.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.vicks.com/products/vapo-family/vaporub-topical-ointment|title=Vicks VapoRub Topical Ointment Children's Cough Medicine|quote=Do not use: by mouth, with tight bandages, in nostrils, in wounds or damaged skin|publisher=vicks.com|access-date=June 17, 2017|archive-date=December 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209004939/http://www.vicks.com/products/vapo-family/vaporub-topical-ointment/|url-status=dead))</ref>

In pre-clinical animal studies, the application of Vicks VapoRub directly onto the tracheae of ferrets caused an increase in mucus production compared to a water-based lubricant.<ref>((cite journal
| doi=10.1378/chest.08-0095
| title=Vicks VapoRub Induces Mucin Secretion, Decreases Ciliary Beat Frequency, and Increases Tracheal Mucus Transport in the Ferret Trachea
|date=January 2009
| last1=Abanses
| first1=Juan Carlos
| last2=Arima
| first2=Shinobu
| last3=Rubin
| first3=Bruce K.
| journal=[[Chest (journal)|Chest]]
| volume=135
| issue=1
| pages=143–8
| pmid=19136404))((pb))
[http://www.wakehealth.edu/News-Releases/2009/Popular_Cold_and_Cough_Treatment_May_Create_Respiratory_Distress_in_Young_Children.htm "Popular Cold and Cough Treatment May Create Respiratory Distress in Young Children"], Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, 2009.</ref>

A [[Penn State]] study showed Vicks VapoRub to be more effective than placebo petroleum rub for helping cough and congestion with regard to helping children and adults sleep.<ref>((cite journal
| title=Vapor Rub, Petrolatum, and No Treatment for Children With Nocturnal Cough and Cold Symptoms
| date=2010-11-08
| first1=Ian M.
| last1=Paul
| first2=Jessica S.
| last2=Beiler
| first3=Tonya S.
| last3=King
| first4=Edelveis R.
| last4=Clapp
| first5=Julie
| last5=Vallati
| first6=Cheston M.
| last6=Berlin Jr
| journal=Pediatrics
| volume=126
| issue=6
| pages=1092–9
| doi=10.1542/peds.2010-1601
| pmid=21059712
| pmc=3600823
))</ref> However, the study also showed that, unlike with the petroleum rub placebo, Vicks VapoRub was associated with burning sensations to the skin (28%), nose (14%) and eyes (16%), with 5% of study participants reporting redness and rash when using the product.<ref>((cite journal|last1=Allan|first1=G. Michael|last2=Arroll|first2=Bruce|title=Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence|journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal|date=February 18, 2014|volume=186|issue=3|doi=10.1503/cmaj.121442|pmid=24468694|pmc=3928210|pages=190–199))</ref> The study's first author is a paid consultant for Procter & Gamble, maker of VapoRub.<ref>((Cite journal|last=Paul|first=Ian M.|date=August 2009|title=Vicks VapoRub Study|journal=Chest|language=en|volume=136|issue=2|pages=650; author reply 650–1|doi=10.1378/chest.09-0324|pmid=19666773|issn=0012-3692|doi-access=free))</ref>

A study conducted in 1994 suggests menthol and camphor are effective [[cough medicine|cough suppressants]] for [[guinea pig]]s.<ref>((cite journal
| doi=10.1006/pulp.1994.1021
| title=The Antitussive Effects of Menthol, Camphor and Cineole in Conscious Guinea-pigs
| year=1994
| last1=Laude
| first1=E
| last2=Morice
| first2=AH
| last3=Grattan
| first3=TJ
| journal=Pulmonary Pharmacology
| volume=7
| issue=3
| pages=179–84
| pmid=7827436))</ref> It has been suggested that thymol oil can reduce or cure [[nail fungus|onychomycosis]] (nail fungus), although the same source mentions that "no human studies have been conducted to test whether thymol is a lasting and effective treatment".<ref>((cite web|url=https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/15/the-alternative-medicine-cabinet-thyme-for-toenails/|title=Alternative Medicine Cabinet: Thyme for Toenails|first=Anahad|last=O'Connor|work=The New York Times))</ref>

==Ingredients==

The ingredients, as listed on older product labels, are: camphor, menthol, spirits of turpentine, oil of eucalyptus, cedarwood, nutmeg, and thymol, all "in a specially balanced Vick formula".

===United States===
'''Active ingredients:'''
''Label reads: Active Ingredients (Purpose)

Regular:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ingredient
! %
! Purpose
|-
| [[Camphor]] (synthetic)
| 4.8%
| Cough suppressant and topical analgesic
|-
| [[Eucalyptus oil]]
| 1.2%
| Cough suppressant
|-
| [[Menthol]]
| 2.6%
| Cough suppressant and topical analgesic
|}
Lemon:
{| class="wikitable"
|-

! Ingredient

! %

! Purpose

|-

| Camphor (synthetic)

| 4.7%

| Cough suppressant and topical analgesic

|-
| Eucalyptus oil
| 1.2%
| Cough suppressant
|-
| Menthol
| 2.6%
| Cough suppressant and topical analgesic
|}
'''Inactive ingredients'''

Regular & Lemon:
* [[Thuja occidentalis|cedarleaf]] oil
* [[nutmeg]] oil
* [[petrolatum]]
* [[thymol]]
* [[turpentine]] oil
Lemon:
* [[lemon]] fragrance

===India===
In India, Vicks VapoRub is made by [[Procter & Gamble]] (P&G). The formulation is almost the same as the one stated above. P&G claims Vicks Vaporub to be an [[Ayurveda|Ayurvedic medicine]],<ref>((Cite book|title=Oxford handbook of psychiatry|last1=Semple|first1=David|last2=Smyth |first2=Roger|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=9780199693887|edition=3rd|location=Oxford|pages=20|chapter=Chapter 1 - Psychomythology|oclc=810946942))</ref> as indicated on the package. The ingredients (per 100 g of product) are stated as follows:

{| class="wikitable sortable"

|-

! Ingredient

! English

! Amount

|-

| Pudinah ke phool
|[[Menthol]]
| 2.82 g
|-

| Karpoor

|[[Camphor]]

|5.25 g

|-

| Ajowan ke phool
|[[Thymol#Uses|Thymol]]
|0.10 g
|-

| Tarpin ka tel

|[[Turpentine#Industrial and other end uses|Turpentine oil]]

|5.57 ml

|-

| Nilgiri tel

|[[Eucalyptol]]

|1.49 ml
|-
|Jatiphal tel
|[[Nutmeg#Essential oil|Nutmeg oil]]
|0.54 ml

|-
|Ointment base ''q.s.''
|
|
|}

==See also==
* [[Aromatherapy]]
* [[Chest rub]]
* [[Essential oil]]
* [[Levomethamphetamine|Levomethamphetamine (Vicks Inhaler)]]
* [[Mentholatum]]
* [[Tiger Balm]]

==References==
((Reflist|26em))

==External links==
((Commons category))
* [http://www.vicks.com/products/vapo-family/vaporub-topical-ointment/ Official site] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209004939/http://www.vicks.com/products/vapo-family/vaporub-topical-ointment/ |date=2014-12-09 ))

((Procter & Gamble))

[[Category:Ointments]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 1905]]
[[Category:Vicks brands]]

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