A request that this article title be changed to Travel requirements for German citizens is under discussion. Please do not move this article until the discussion is closed.

A German passport
A German identity card is valid for travel to most European countries.

Visa requirements for German citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Germany.

As of 9 January 2024, German citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 194 countries and territories. Ranking the German passport 1st in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of France, Italy, Japan, Singapore, and Spain), and tied with the greatest access of all European Union member states along with France, Italy, and Spain, according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Map of jurisdictions by visa requirement for German citizens holding ordinary passports
  Germany
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required / ETA[Note 1][Note 2]
  Visa on arrival[Note 3]
  eVisa[Note 4]
  Visa available both on arrival[Note 5] or online[Note 6]
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country / Region Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[3] ✓
 Albania Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Algeria Visa required[3] ✓
 Andorra Visa not required[3][5] 90 days[6] ✓
 Angola Visa not required[3][8] 30 days
  • 30 days per trip, but no more than 90 days within any 1 calendar year for tourism purposes only.[9]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[10]
  • An International Certificate of Vaccination is required.
 X
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[3] 180 days[11] X
 Argentina Visa not required[3][12] 90 days ✓
 Armenia Visa not required[3] 180 days X
 Australia eVisitor[3][13] 90 days
  • eVisitor is considered to be a visa under Australia law.
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted.
 ✓
 Austria Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Azerbaijan eVisa[3][15] 30 days X
 Bahamas Visa not required[3] 90 days[16] ✓
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][17] 14 days
  • Extendable for an additional 2 weeks.
 X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[3] 30 days X
 Barbados Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Belarus Visa not required[3] 30 days[18] X
 Belgium Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Belize Visa not required[3] 30 days[24] X
 Benin eVisa[3][25] 30 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 X
 Bhutan eVisa[3][26]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 X
 Bolivia Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Botswana Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days per calendar year.[28]
 X
 Brazil Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.[29]
 ✓
 Brunei Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Bulgaria Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Burkina Faso eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][30] 30 days X
 Burundi Visa on arrival[3] 30 days X
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][32] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.
 X
 Cameroon eVisa[3][33] X
 Canada eTA / Visa not required[3] 180 days ✓
 Cape Verde EASE[3][2] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.
 X
 Central African Republic Visa required[3] ✓
 Chad Visa required[3] ✓
 Chile Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 China Visa not required[3] 15 days X
 Colombia Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.
 ✓
 Comoros Visa on arrival[3] 45 days[3] X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[3] ✓
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[3][37] 7 days X
 Costa Rica Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[3][38] 3 months X
 Croatia Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Cuba Tourist card required[3] 90 days
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
 X
 Cyprus Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Czech Republic Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Denmark Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Djibouti eVisa[3][40] 90 days X
 Dominica Visa not required[3] 180 days X
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[3] 30 days[41]
  • Application for a fee-based extension possible.[41]
 X
 Ecuador Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][42] 30 days
  • ID card valid, passport type photo is required on arrival.[43]
 X
 El Salvador Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[3][44] X
 Eritrea Visa required[3] ✓
 Estonia Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Eswatini Visa not required[3] 30 days[3] X
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[3] 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[3] 120 days X
 Finland Freedom of movement[48][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 France Freedom of movement[49][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Gabon eVisa[3][50] 90 days X
 Gambia Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Georgia Visa not required[3] 360 days X
 Ghana Visa required[3] ✓
 Greece Freedom of movement[52][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Grenada Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Guatemala Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Guinea eVisa[3][53] 90 days X
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[3] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Haiti Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Honduras Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Hungary Freedom of movement[54][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Iceland Freedom of movement[55][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 India eVisa[3] 30 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 7] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 8][56]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[57]
  • Former Indian citizens with an OCI (Overseas Citizen Of India) cards are eligible for unlimited travel and stay.[58]
 X
 Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[3] 30 days[59]
  • Cost for Visa on arrival approx. 30 Euro for 30 days. You can extend it once in Bali by another 30 days. As of February 2024.
 X
 Iran eVisa[3][60] 30 days
  • Passengers who have already made an application, at least 2 days before arrival, at the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affair's e-Visa website and present the submission notification at the airport's visa desk may obtain a visa on arrival.[61]
 X
 Iraq Visa on arrival[3][62] 60 days X
 Ireland Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Israel Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 3 months for tourism only.[63]
  • German citizens born before 1 January 1928 need a visa which will be issued for free if one was not a member of the Nazi party or involved in crimes committed during the time of Nazi Germany.[citation needed]
 ✓
 Italy Freedom of movement[64][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Jamaica Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Japan Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][65]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
 X
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[3] 30 days X
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[3][66] 3 months
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
 X
 Kiribati Visa not required[3] 120 days X
 North Korea Visa required ✓
 South Korea Electronic Travel Authorization[3][67] 90 days
  • The validity period of a K-ETA is 3 years from the date of approval.[68]
 ✓
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][69] 90 days X
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[3] 60 days X
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][70] 30 days X
 Latvia Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[3][74] 30 days
  • Extendable for 2 additional months.
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non-refundable return or circle trip ticket.[citation needed]
 X
 Lesotho Visa not required[3][75] 14 days X
 Liberia Visa required[3] ✓
 Libya eVisa[3][76] X
 Liechtenstein Freedom of movement[77][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Lithuania Freedom of movement[78][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Luxembourg Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[3] 60 days X
 Malawi Visa not required[3] 30 days X
 Malaysia Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[3] 30 days X
 Mali Visa required[3] ✓
 Malta Freedom of movement[79][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Marshall Islands Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[3] 30 days[80] X
 Mauritius Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Mexico Visa not required[3] 180 days ✓
 Micronesia Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Moldova Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Monaco Visa not required[3] 3 months[82] ✓
 Mongolia Visa not required[3] 30 days X
 Montenegro Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Morocco Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Mozambique Visa not required[3][85] 30 days
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT.
 X
 Myanmar eVisa[3][86] 28 days X
 Namibia Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days within a calendar year.[87]
 X
 Nauru Visa required[3] ✓
   Nepal Online Visa / Visa on arrival[3] 90 days[88] X
 Netherlands Freedom of movement (European Netherlands)[89][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 New Zealand NZeTA[3] 90 days
  • NZeTA is an electronic travel permit but not legally a visa.
  • May enter using eGate.[90]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[91]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[92] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[91]
 ✓
 Nicaragua Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Niger Visa required[3] ✓
 Nigeria eVisa[3][93] 90 days
  • Holders of written e-Visa approval issued by the Immigration Authority can obtain a visa on arrival, provided they hold a visa application form and e-Visa application payment receipt and have an invitation letter from a Nigerian company accepting immigration responsibilities.[94]
 X
 North Macedonia Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Norway Freedom of movement[96][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Oman Visa not required / eVisa[3][97] 14 days / 30 days X
 Pakistan ETA / Online Visa[3][98] 30 days / 3 months
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[99]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[100]
  • Online Visa eligible.[101]
 X
 Palau Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Panama Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Papua New Guinea eVisa[3][102] 60 days X
 Paraguay Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Peru Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period.
 ✓
 Philippines Visa not required[3] 30 days X
 Poland Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Portugal Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Qatar Visa not required[3][103] 90 days X
 Romania Freedom of movement[104][14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Russia eVisa[3][105] 16 days X
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][106] 30 days X
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Samoa Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 San Marino Visa not required[3] 3 months[107] ✓
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[3] 15 days X
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][109] 90 days X
 Senegal Visa not required[3] 90 days[3] X
 Serbia Visa not required[3] 90 days[3] X
 Seychelles Visa not required[3][111] 90 days[112] ✓
 Sierra Leone eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][113] 3 months / 30 days X
 Singapore Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Slovakia Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[14] ✓
 Slovenia Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[14] ✓
 Solomon Islands Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Somalia Visa on arrival[3] 30 days X
 South Africa Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 South Sudan eVisa[3][114] 90 days
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
 X
 Spain Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][115] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period.[116]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
 X
 Sudan Visa required[3] ✓
 Suriname Visa not required[3][117] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of USD 25 or EUR 25 must be paid online prior to arrival.[118]
  • Multiple entry e-Visa is also available.[119]
 X
 Sweden Freedom of movement[120][14] Unlimited stay ✓
  Switzerland Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay ✓
 Syria Visa required[3] ✓
 Tajikistan Visa not required[3] 30 days[3]
  • Visa also available online.[121]
  • e-Visa holders can enter through all border points.
 X
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[3][122] 90 days X
 Thailand Visa not required[3] 30 days
  • Maximum 2 visits annually if not arriving by air.[123]
 X
 Timor-Leste Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Togo eVisa[3][124] 15 days X
 Tonga Visa not required[3][125] 90 days X
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[3] 90 days[3] X
 Tunisia Visa not required[3] 120 days[126] X
 Turkey Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • ID card valid.[129]
  • Former Turkish citizens with a Turkish "Blue Card" (Mavi Kart): Freedom of movement.[130]
 X
 Turkmenistan Visa required[3] ✓
 Tuvalu Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Uganda eVisa[3][3][131] 3 months X
 Ukraine Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
 ✓
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[3] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
 ✓
 United Kingdom Visa not required[3][132] 180 days ✓
 United States Visa Waiver Program[3][133] 90 days
  • ESTA is valid for 2 years from the date of issuance.[134]
  • ESTA is also required when entering the country by cruise ship or land.[135]
  • Visa required if Nationals of VWP countries who have travelled or been present in Iraq, North Korea, Syria, Iran, Sudan, Libya, Somalia, or Yemen at any time on or after 1 March 2011 (with limited exceptions), or those who have travelled or being present in Cuba at any time on or after 12 January 2021, or nationals of VWP countries who are also nationals of Iraq, Syria, Iran, North Korea or Sudan.
 ✓
 Uruguay Visa not required[3] 90 days ✓
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[3] 30 days X
 Vanuatu Visa not required[3] 90 days[3] X
 Vatican City Visa not required[3] 1 day[136] ✓
 Venezuela Visa not required[3] 90 days[3] X
 Vietnam Visa not required[3][138] 45 days
  • A single entry e-Visa valid for 90 days is also available.
 X
 Yemen Visa required[3] ✓
 Zambia Visa not required[3] 30 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
 X
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[3] 30 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.
 X

List of territories, disputed areas or restricted zones

Visa requirements for German citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa required[139]
Mount Athos Special permit required 4 days[citation needed] Special permit required (25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[140]
Belarus Brest and Grodno Visa not required 10 days[141]
 Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[142]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[143] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.[citation needed]
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[144]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[146]
 Guernsey Visa not required[148]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[149]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours.[150] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[151]
 Jersey Visa not required
 Kosovo Visa not required[3] 90 days[152]
 Russia Special authorization required[citation needed] Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[154]
 South Ossetia Russian multiple entry visa required[citation needed] Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[155][156]
 Transnistria Visa not required[157]
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required[citation needed] Special permit required.[158]
Spain  Canary Islands Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required[citation needed] To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[159]
Portugal  Madeira Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay
 Mayotte Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160][14]
 Ascension Island eVisa[162][163]
 Réunion Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160]
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required[citation needed] Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[164]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required[citation needed] Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[165]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Visa not required[citation needed] 90 days[citation needed] Same visa regime as Morocco.[citation needed]
 Somaliland Visa on arrival[citation needed] 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[166]
 Sudan Travel permit required[citation needed] All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.[citation needed]
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required[citation needed] Separate travel permit is required.[167]
Asia
China Hainan Visa not required 30 days under certain conditions[168] Individual tourists need to select a tour agency and inform them their schedule.
 Hong Kong Visa not required 90 days[169]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required[citation needed] Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[170][171][172]>[173]
 Iraqi Kurdistan eVisa[174] 30 days
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[175]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[176]
 Macao Visa not required[citation needed] 90 days[177]
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required[citation needed] These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[178]
Maldives Maldives Permission required[citation needed] With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[179]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required[citation needed] People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)[citation needed]
 Palestine Permit required Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[181]
 Taiwan Visa not required[citation needed] 90 days[182]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OVIR permit required[citation needed] OVIR permit required, can be obtained with e-visa application for an additional $20. Locally it may be obtained for 15+5 Tajikistani Somoni. Another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[183][184][185]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required[citation needed] Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[186][187][188]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required[citation needed] A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[189]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone[citation needed]
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone[citation needed]
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[190]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Portugal  Açores Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay
 Anguilla Visa not required[citation needed] 3 months
 Aruba Visa not required 30 days, extendable to 180 days
 Bermuda Visa not required Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[191]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 3 months
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[192]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 6 months[193]
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[194]
 Curacao Visa not required 3 months[195]
 Greenland Visa not required[196]
 Guadeloupe Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160][14]
 Martinique Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[197][198]
 Puerto Rico ESTA[199] 90 days (same as US)
 Saint Barthélemy Visa not required
 Saint Martin Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160]
  • ID card valid (passport needed for the Dutch part of the island Sint Maarten).[161][200]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[citation needed]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[201] 3 months
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required[202] 90 days
 U.S. Virgin Islands ESTA[203] 90 days (same as US)
Oceania
 American Samoa Electronic authorization[204] 30 days[citation needed]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[205]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[206]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[207]
 Guam ESTA[208] 90 days (same as US)
 New Caledonia Freedom of movement[209]
 Niue Visa not required[210] 30 days
 Northern Mariana Islands ESTA[211] Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days[citation needed] Landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.
France  French Polynesia Visa not required[citation needed]
 Tokelau Entry permit required[212]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[213][214][215][216][217][218]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[citation needed]
South America
 French Guiana Freedom of movement[14] Unlimited stay[160]
Galápagos Online pre-registration required[citation needed] Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[219]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa not required[220] 1 month A visitor permit is normally issued as a stamp in the passport on arrival.[221]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required[citation needed] Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[222][223]
 British Antarctic Territory Special permit required[224][225]
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands Special permits required[226][227][228]
 Argentine Antarctica Special permit required[229]
Australia Australian Antarctic Territory Special permit required[230]
New Zealand Ross Dependency Special permit required[231]
Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands Special permit required[232]
Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory Special permit required[citation needed]
Norway Peter I Island Special permit required[233]
Norway Queen Maud Land Special permit required[234]

History

Visa requirements for German citizens were lifted by China (1 December 2023),[235] Zambia (1 October 2022),[236] Oman (9 December 2020, previously visa on arrival),[237] Uzbekistan (15 January 2019),[238] Cape Verde (1 January 2019),[239] Belarus (February 2017),[240] Solomon Islands (October 2016),[241] Tuvalu (July 2016), Marshall Islands (June 2016),[242] Palau (December 2015),[243] Tonga (November 2015),[125] São Tomé and Príncipe (August 2015),[244] Vietnam (July 2015 – June 30, 2021 at least),[245] Indonesia (June 2015),[246][247] United Arab Emirates, Timor-Leste, Samoa (May 2015),[248][249][250][251] Kazakhstan (July 2014),[252] Mongolia (September 2013)[253] and Kyrgyzstan (July 2012).[254]

German citizens were made eligible for eVisas by Russia (January 2021, suspended during COVID-19 pandemic, previously only Kaliningrad and Far East),[255] Guinea and Malawi (October 2019), Saudi Arabia (September 2019), Suriname and Pakistan (April 2019), Tanzania and Papua New Guinea (November 2018),[256] Angola (March 2018), Djibouti (February 2018),[257] Egypt (December 2017),[258] Azerbaijan (January 2017),[259] Tajikistan (June 2016),[260] India (e-Tourist visa from November 2014)[261] and Myanmar (September 2014).[262]

Vaccination requirements

Main article: Vaccination requirements for international travel

Vaccination requirements map

Certain countries and territories require travellers arriving from Germany to be vaccinated against specific diseases. This is a map of vaccination requirements for German citizens and residents arriving directly from the Schengen area, excluding those arriving from third countries.

Vaccination requirements for travellers arriving from Germany
   Quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination (ACYW135) required[Note 13]
  Polio vaccination required
  Yellow fever vaccination required
  Vaccination not required

Quadrivalent meningococcal vaccination (ACYW135)

Main article: Meningococcal vaccine § Travel requirements
Meningococcal vaccination requirements for international travel[263]
Country or territory Details
 Gambia All travellers must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine (ACYW135) upon arrival.[264]
 Indonesia Travellers arriving from or departing to Saudi Arabia must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135.[265]
 Lebanon Proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 is required for travellers departing Lebanon and going to Hajj, Umrah, and to certain African countries.[266]
 Libya All travellers must show proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 upon arrival.[267]
 Philippines Proof of vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW-135 is required for travellers going to Hajj and Umrah (in Saudi Arabia).[268]
 Saudi Arabia
  • Proof of vaccination is required for travellers 2 years of age and older who are Hajj or Umrah pilgrims and seasonal or pilgrim workers in Hajj and Umrah areas. Vaccination with quadrivalent ACYW135 (either polysaccharide or conjugate) must be issued not less than 10 days before arrival and not more than 3 years (polysaccharide vaccine) or 5 years (conjugate vaccine) before arrival. The immunisation certificate should clearly state if the traveller was vaccinated with the conjugate vaccine for the 5-year validity to apply.[269]
  • Vaccination is also required for domestic pilgrims, residents of Mecca and Medina, and any persons participating in Hajj or Umrah or seasonal or pilgrimage work in Hajj and Umrah zones. At the discretion of the Ministry of Health, travellers may be administered prophylactic antibiotics upon arrival.[269]

Polio vaccination

Main article: Polio vaccine § Travel requirements
Polio vaccination requirements for international travel[263]
Country Details
 Afghanistan Travellers from polio-endemic countries (Pakistan) need Carte Jaune proof of polio vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Residents and ALL travellers staying in Afghanistan longer than 4 weeks need proof of polio vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) when departing from Afghanistan.[263][270]
 Belize Travellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Belize residents travelling countries with confirmed polio cases also need proof of vaccination.[271]
 Brunei Travellers from polio-exporting countries need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[272]
 Egypt Travellers from Afghanistan, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, China, Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Somalia need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[273]
 Georgia Travellers from at-risk countries need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Travellers without proof are offered OPV vaccination upon arrival.[274]
 India Travellers from Afghanistan, Congo-Kinshasa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, and Syria need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[275]
 Iran Travellers from Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Travellers without proof will be vaccinated upon arrival.[276]
 Iraq Travellers aged 15+ from Afghanistan and Pakistan need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival; children under age 15 must have received three doses of polio vaccine before travel. Travellers without proof will be vaccinated upon arrival. Travellers departing Iraq to Afghanistan and Pakistan must also provide proof of vaccination upon departure.[277]
 Jordan Travellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[278]
 Lebanon Travellers from and to polio-affected countries need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[279]
 Libya Travellers from Afghanistan and Pakistan need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[280]
 Maldives Travellers from and to polio-exporting countries, as well as Hajj and Umrah pilgrims, need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[281]
 Morocco Travellers from polio-affected countries need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[282]
   Nepal Travellers from Afghanistan, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Papua New Guinea need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[283]
 Oman Travellers from polio-exporting countries need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[284]
 Pakistan Travellers from ALL countries planning to stay in Pakistan for more than 4 weeks need Carte Jaune proof of OPV vaccination upon arrival. Residents and ALL travellers staying in Pakistan longer than 4 weeks need proof of OPV vaccination when departing from Pakistan.[263][285]
 Philippines Travellers from or to high-risk countries need Carte Jaune proof of polio vaccination upon arrival or before departure, respectively.[263] Due to an ongoing local VDPV2 outbreak, the government recommends all others travellers to consider getting a polio vaccine or booster dose, depending on their situation.[286]
 Qatar Travellers from polio-exporting countries (identified by Qatar as: Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan and Philippines) need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[287]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Travellers from polio-endemic countries as identified by WHO (Afghanistan and Pakistan) need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[263][288]
 Saudi Arabia Travellers from active-transmission (including wild or vaccine-derived poliovirus) and at-risk countries, as well as all travellers from Afghanistan, Congo-Kinshasa, Mozambique, Myanmar, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen, need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. Regardless of immunisation status, all travellers from Afghanistan, Myanmar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen will be given an Oral Polio Vaccine dose upon arrival.[289]
 Seychelles Travellers from countries with polio outbreaks need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival.[290]
 Syria Travellers from Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Pakistan need Carte Jaune proof of OPV or IPV vaccination (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure) upon arrival. ALL Syria residents departing Syria to any country also need proof of vaccination.[291]
 Ukraine Long-term visitors departing to states with wild or circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission should present Carte Jaune proof of vaccination with at least one dose of bivalent OPV or IPV (received between 4 weeks and 12 months before departure). Persons obliged to undertake urgent international travel must be immunised with a single dose of polio vaccine before their departure.[263] There is also risk of poliovirus transmission inside Ukraine itself, and travellers to Ukraine are recommended to be up to date with their polio vaccination before entry.[292]

Yellow fever vaccination

Main article: Yellow fever vaccine § Travel requirements
Yellow fever vaccination requirements for international travel (July 2019)[263]
Country or territory Status Vaccination required for travellers coming from Traveller age
 Albania No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Algeria No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Angola Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Antigua and Barbuda No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Argentina Risk provinces:
Misiones, Corrientes 		No[note 2] –
 Aruba No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Australia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Bahamas No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Bahrain No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Bangladesh No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Barbados No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Belize No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Benin Risk country Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Bolivia Risk country Risk countries 1 year or older
 Bonaire No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Botswana No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Brazil Risk country No[note 2] –
 Brunei No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Burkina Faso Risk country Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Burundi Risk country Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Cabo Verde No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Cambodia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Cameroon Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Central African Republic Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Chad Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 China No risk Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Christmas Island No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Colombia Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Congo-Brazzaville Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Congo-Kinshasa Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Costa Rica No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 Côte d'Ivoire Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Cuba No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Curaçao No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Dominica No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Dominican Republic No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Ecuador Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Egypt No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 El Salvador No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Equatorial Guinea Risk country Risk countries 9 months or older
 Eritrea No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Eswatini No risk Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Ethiopia Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Fiji No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 French Guiana Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 French Polynesia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Gabon Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 Gambia Risk country Risk countries 9 months or older
 Ghana Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Grenada No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Guadeloupe No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Guatemala No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Guinea Risk country Risk countries 9 months or older
 Guinea-Bissau Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 Guyana Risk country Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Haiti No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Honduras No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 India No risk Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Indonesia No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 Iran No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Iraq No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Jamaica No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Jordan No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Kenya Risk country Risk countries 1 year or older
 Kyrgyzstan No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Laos No risk Risk countries Unknown
 Lesotho No risk Risk countries[note 1] 6 months or older
 Liberia Risk country Risk countries 9 months or older
 Libya No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Madagascar No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Malawi No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Malaysia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Maldives No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Mali Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 Malta No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Martinique No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Mauritania Risk country Risk countries 1 year or older
 Mayotte No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Montserrat No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Mozambique No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Myanmar No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Namibia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
   Nepal No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 New Caledonia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Nicaragua No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Niger Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 Nigeria Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Niue No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 North Korea No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Oman No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Pakistan No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Panama Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Papua New Guinea No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Paraguay Risk country Risk countries 1 year or older
 Peru Risk country No[note 2] –
 Philippines No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Pitcairn Islands No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Rwanda No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Saint Barthélemy No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Saint Helena No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Saint Kitts and Nevis No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Saint Lucia No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 Saint Martin No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines No risk Risk countries 1 year or older
 Samoa No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 São Tomé and Príncipe No risk Risk countries[note 3] 1 year or older
 Saudi Arabia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Senegal Risk country Risk countries[note 3] 9 months or older
 Seychelles No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Sierra Leone Risk country All countries Unknown
 Singapore No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Sint Eustatius No risk Risk countries 6 months or older
 Sint Maarten No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 Solomon Islands No risk Risk countries 9 months or older
 Somalia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 South Africa No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 South Sudan Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Sri Lanka No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Sudan Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Suriname Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Tanzania No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Thailand No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Togo Risk country All countries 9 months or older
 Trinidad and Tobago Risk region:
Trinidad 		Risk countries 1 year or older
 Uganda Risk country All countries 1 year or older
 United Arab Emirates No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
 Venezuela Risk country Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Wallis and Futuna No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Zambia No risk Risk countries[note 1] 1 year or older
 Zimbabwe No risk Risk countries[note 1] 9 months or older
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl Also required for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through a risk country's airport.
  2. ^ a b c The WHO has designated (parts of) Argentina, Brazil and Peru as risk countries, but these countries do not require incoming travellers to vaccinate against yellow fever.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Also required for travellers having transited any time through a risk country's airport.

COVID-19 vaccination

Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[293] This is justified by research that shows that the Pfizer vaccine effect lasts for six months or so.[294]

Passport requirements

Passport not required

German identity card is valid for these countries:

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[298] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Passport validity length

Many countries require passports to be valid for at least 6 months upon arrival and one or two blank pages.[299]

Countries requiring passports to be validity at least 6 months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Cambodia, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq (except when arriving at Basra – 3 months and Erbil or Sulaimaniyah – on arrival), Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen.

Turkey usually requires passports to be valid for at least 5 months (150 days) upon entry, but for German citizens Turkish authorities allow to enter even with passport or identity card expired within last year.[300]

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 4 months on arrival include Azerbaijan, Micronesia, Zambia.

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegowina, Honduras, Moldova, Nauru, North Macedonia, Panama, Qatar, Senegal and French territories in the Pacific (i.e. French Polynesia, New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna)

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 1 month on arrival include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, Maldives, New Zealand, South Africa

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or passport valid throughout the period of intended stay.

Medical passport

Main article: International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis

Many African countries, including Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Togo, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[301] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[302]

Entry bans

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[303] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[304]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[305] Lebanon,[306] Libya,[307] Syria,[308] and Yemen[309] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[310]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[311][312] Argentina,[313] Brunei, Cambodia,[314] China,[315] Ethiopia,[316] Ghana, Guinea,[317] India, Japan,[318][319] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[320] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[321] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[322] Singapore, South Korea,[323] Taiwan, Thailand,[324] Uganda,[325] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[326][327][328] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[329]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[330] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[331][332] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[333] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[334][335]

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Diplomatic missions of Germany

In a non-EU country where there is no German embassy, German citizens, like all other EU citizens, have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Germany.

See also

References and notes

References

  1. ^ "Henley Passport Index 2024 January Global Ranking" (PDF). Henley & Partners.
  2. ^ a b "EASE". www.ease.gov.cv.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq "Compare Passports Power Passport Index 2022". passportindex.org. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  4. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Albanien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  5. ^ "Travel to Andorra". www.exteriors.ad. Govern d'Andorra. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  6. ^ D.1. Residència sense treball: autorització inicial
  7. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Andorra: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  8. ^ "Angola eVisa".
  9. ^ Angola: Migration Service to Speed Up Visa Exemption Procedure
  10. ^ "Visa and passport". Timatic. International Air Transport Association through Emirates. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  11. ^ "General Visa Information | Immigration Antigua and Barbuda".
  12. ^ "REGIMEN DE VISAS". www.argentina.gob.ar. National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  13. ^ "Explore visa options". immi.homeaffairs.gov.au. Australian Government - Department of Home Affairs. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw "Free movement of persons". www.europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  15. ^ "Azerbaijan eVisa".
  16. ^ "Agreement between the European Community and the Commonwealth of the Bahamas on the short-stay visa waiver".
  17. ^ "Bahrain eVisa".
  18. ^ "Customs formalities". mfa.gov.by. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  19. ^ Buckley, Julia (31 May 2021). "How Belarus 'hijacking' has redrawn Europe's air map". CNN. Archived from the original on 31 May 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  20. ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (4 June 2021). "The EU Bans Belarus Airlines And Reroutes Flights Around Its Airspace". NPR. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  21. ^ "EU bans Belarus airlines as opposition urges G7 sanctions". Reuters. 4 June 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  22. ^ "On establishing visa-free order of entry and exit of foreign nationals". 7 August 2019.
  23. ^ "О порядке посещения гражданами безвизовой территории "Брест – Гродно", а также территорий районов Брестской и Гродненской областей". Совет Министров Республики Беларусь. 15 October 2019.
  24. ^ "Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?".
  25. ^ "Benin eVisa".
  26. ^ "Bhutan eVisa".
  27. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Bosnien und Herzegowina: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  28. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Botsuana: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  29. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Brasilien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  30. ^ "Burkina Faso eVisa".
  31. ^ @chrisnibas (6 December 2021). "Nationals of all countries requiring visa for #Burundi 🇧🇮, can now just request it upon arrival at Bujumbura Inter…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  32. ^ "Cambodia eVisa".
  33. ^ "Cameroon eVisa".
  34. ^ "Canada eTA". 15 April 2015.
  35. ^ Canada, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship (17 May 2013). "Entry requirements by country/territory – Canada.ca". www.canada.ca.((cite web)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  36. ^ "144小时过境免签政策解读". nia.gov.cn.
  37. ^ "DR Congo eVisa".
  38. ^ "CI eVisa".
  39. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Côte d'Ivoire: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise (Teilreisewarnung)". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  40. ^ "Djibouti eVisa".
  41. ^ a b Amt, Auswärtiges. "Dominikanische Republik: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  42. ^ "Egypt eVisa".
  43. ^ a b Amt, Auswärtiges. "Ägypten: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise (Teilreisewarnung)". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  44. ^ "Equatorial Guinea eVisa".
  45. ^ "Arriving in Equatorial Guinea".
  46. ^ "Ethiopia visa on arrival". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  47. ^ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  48. ^ "Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland". um.fi. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  49. ^ "Requesting a visa". www.diplomatie.gouv.fr. Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  50. ^ "Gabon eVisa".
  51. ^ a b Amt, Auswärtiges. "Georgien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  52. ^ "Countries requiring or not requiring a Visa - Visas for Foreigners traveling to Greece". www.mfa.gr. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Hellenic Republic. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  53. ^ "Guinea eVisa".
  54. ^ "Visa-free travel to Hungary". konzinfo.mfa.gov.hu. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  55. ^ "Check if you need a visa to travel to Iceland". island.is. Directorate of Immigratio. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  56. ^ e-Visa
  57. ^ The note is under Q1(v) in the FAQs
  58. ^ "OCI". ociservices.gov.in. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  59. ^ "Indonesia e-VOA".
  60. ^ "Iran eVisa".
  61. ^ "Visa on Arrival". evisa.mfa.ir.
  62. ^ "Iraq lifted visa requirements for EU". Al monitor.com. 16 March 2021.
  63. ^ Bior, Haim (24 February 2014). "Accord Allows Israeli Tourists to Work in Germany for Six Months". Haaretz.
  64. ^ "Visa for Italy Do you need visa ? Information for foreigners intending to come to Italy". vistoperitalia.esteri.it. Directorate General for Italians Abroad and Migration Policies. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  65. ^ "Jordan E-Services".
  66. ^ "Kenya eTA".
  67. ^ "K-ETA".
  68. ^ "K-ETA Application Guide".
  69. ^ "Kuwait eVisa".
  70. ^ "Laos eVisa".
  71. ^ a b "Checkpoints – ກົມຕຳຫຼວດກວດຄົນເຂົ້າ-ອອກເມືອງ". immigration.gov.la. Department of Immigration of Lao PDR. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  72. ^ "Lao Visa Online | Lao eVisa Authorization Application". laoevisa.gov.la. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lao PDR – Consular Department. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  73. ^ "Laos International Travel Information". travel.state.gov. U.S. Department of State – Bureau of Consular Affairs. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  74. ^ "Visa and passport". Timatic. International Air Transport Association through Emirates. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  75. ^ "Lesotho eVisa".
  76. ^ "Libya eVisa".
  77. ^ "Visa". www.llv.li. Government of Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  78. ^ "Do I need a Visa?". keliauk.urm.lt. Consular Information Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  79. ^ "Central Visa Unit". www.identitymalta.com. Identity Malta Agency. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  80. ^ "France Diplomatie – Entrée en Mauritanie". 16 October 2023.
  81. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Moldau, Republik: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  82. ^ "Demander une carte de résident / Nouveaux arrivants / Résidence / Nationalité et résidence / Service Public Particuliers- Monaco". service-public-particuliers.gouv.mc. Service Publique du Gouvernement Princier de Monaco. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  83. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Monaco: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  84. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Montenegro: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  85. ^ "Mozambique eVisa".
  86. ^ "Myanmar eVisa".
  87. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Namibia: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  88. ^ "Nepal Online Visa".
  89. ^ "Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less)". www.netherlandsworldwide.nl. Government of the Netherlands. 22 October 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  90. ^ "eGate". customs.govt.nz. New Zealand Customs Service. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  91. ^ a b "Paying the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved 1 February 2021. Many tourists, people on working holidays, and some students and workers coming to New Zealand must pay an International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL) of NZD $35.
  92. ^ "Information about: Australian Resident Visa". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved 21 May 2020. Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
  93. ^ "Nigeria Immigration Services".
  94. ^ "The Nigeria Immigration Service". portal.immigration.gov.ng.
  95. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Republik Nordmazedonien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  96. ^ "Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway (visa-free)". www.udi.no. The Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  97. ^ "Oman eVisa".
  98. ^ "Pakistan Online Visa".
  99. ^ "Tourist Visa in Your Inbox".
  100. ^ "Business Visa in Your Inbox".
  101. ^ "Tourist Visa".
  102. ^ "PNG Easy Visitor Permit".
  103. ^ "Qatar Hayya".
  104. ^ "VII. Do I need a visa?". www.mae.ro. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  105. ^ "Russia eVisa".
  106. ^ "Rwanda E-Services".
  107. ^ "Moving to San Marino | Stay and Residence Permits".
  108. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "San Marino: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  109. ^ "Saudi Arabia eVisa".
  110. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Serbien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  111. ^ "Seychelles Electronic Border System".
  112. ^ "Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Seychelles on the short-stay visa waiver". EUR-Lex. Official Journal of the European Union. 30 June 2009. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  113. ^ "Sierra Leone eVisa".
  114. ^ "South Sudan eVisa".
  115. ^ "SL eVisa".
  116. ^ "Information".
  117. ^ "Suriname eVisa".
  118. ^ "Entry-fee".
  119. ^ "Suriname eVisa | VFS Global | Official partner of the Government of Suriname".
  120. ^ "List of foreign citizens who require Visa for entry into Sweden". www.government.se. The Government of Sweden. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  121. ^ "Tajikistan eVisa".
  122. ^ "Tanzania eVisa".
  123. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Thailand: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  124. ^ "Togo eVisa".
  125. ^ a b "Agreement – Consilium". www.consilium.europa.eu.
  126. ^ "Visa and passport". Timatic. International Air Transport Association through Emirates. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  127. ^ "Visa information on Tunisia embassy website".
  128. ^ "Entry documents - Auswärtiges Amt".
  129. ^ a b Amt, Auswärtiges. "Türkei: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  130. ^ "Die deutschen Auslandsvertretungen in der Türkei – Leben und Arbeiten in der Türkei". 22 August 2015. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015.
  131. ^ "Uganda eVisa".
  132. ^ "UK visa requirements: list for carriers". www.gov.uk. Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  133. ^ "Official ESTA Application".
  134. ^ "CBP Customer Service". Help.cbp.gov. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  135. ^ "Entry into the United States by land, sea, or air".
  136. ^ As the Vatican City has no tourist accommodations (hotels or rental apartments), it is therefore virtually impossible to stay overnight as a tourist.[citation needed]
  137. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Heiliger Stuhl/Vatikan: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  138. ^ >"Vietnam eVisa".
  139. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2014.((cite web)): CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  140. ^ "Mount Athos Infos . gr". 1 December 2007. Archived from the original on 1 December 2007.
  141. ^ "Visa-free travel time up to ten days in parts of Brest Oblast, Grodno Oblast as from 1 January". Eng.belta.by. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  142. ^ "How to get to North Cyprus? – Passport, Visa & Entry Requirements". www.cypnet.co.uk.
  143. ^ "UNFICYP > Buffer Zone Permits". Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  144. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  145. ^ "Reisepass & Visa". visitfaroeislands.com. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  146. ^ Visas and immigration, Government of Gibraltar.
  147. ^ a b c Amt, Auswärtiges. "Großbritannien und Nordirland/Vereinigtes Königreich: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  148. ^ "Do I require an entry clearance/ VISA". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  149. ^ "An overview of Immigration in the Isle of Man". Archived from the original on 23 November 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  150. ^ Crew, Jan Mayen. "JAN MAYEN HOMESITE, EDITED BY THE JAN MAYEN CREW". www.jan-mayen.no. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  151. ^ "Forskrifter om utlendingers adgang til Jan Mayen" [Regulations on foreigners' access to Jan Mayen]. lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  152. ^ "Special Categories Exempted From Visa Requirements – For Foreign Citizens - Consular Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo. Mfa-ks.net. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  153. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Kosovo: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  154. ^ "Russian Federation Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  155. ^ "О визах | Министерство иностранных дел". Mfa-rso.su. 22 April 2010. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  156. ^ "Procedure of the Entry to the Territory of the Republic of South Ossetia | Министерство иностранных дел". Mfa-rso.su. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  157. ^ a b "Rules and recommendations – Transnistria tour". transnistria-tour.com.
  158. ^ "British Indian Ocean Territory travel advice". GOV.UK.
  159. ^ Splinter, Hans van der. "Ministry of Tourism – Tourism Service Center". www.eritrea.be.
  160. ^ a b c d e f "France-Visas". 2022.
  161. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Amt, Auswärtiges. "Frankreich: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  162. ^ "Ascension Island E-Visa System". 13 November 2018.
  163. ^ "Entry Visas". 13 November 2018. Archived from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  164. ^ "Useful info – St Helena Tourism". Sthelenatourism.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  165. ^ Grundy, Richard. "Tristan da Cunha Tourism". www.tristandc.com.
  166. ^ "VISA Application". Archived from the original on 17 November 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2006.
  167. ^ "Republic of South Sudan Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  168. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "China: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  169. ^ Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017. Electronic Services for Visa Application, Immigration Department of Hong Kong.
  170. ^ "Welcome to nginx". Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
  171. ^ "Entry Formalities to Andaman". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  172. ^ "Entry Formalities in Manipur". Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  173. ^ "Tourism in Lakshadweep". Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  174. ^ "Iraqi Kurdistan e-Visa".
  175. ^ "Kazakhstan Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  176. ^ "Iran Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  177. ^ Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao, Macao SAR Government Portal.
  178. ^ "Malaysia Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 28 November 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  179. ^ "Maldives Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  180. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  181. ^ "Israel Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  182. ^ Visa, Bureau of Consular Affairs of Taiwan.
  183. ^ "Pamirs – the roof of the world". www.pamirs.org. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
  184. ^ "Travel Tajikistan – Permit to visit Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO)". Archived from the original on 23 April 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  185. ^ "Tajikistan-Visa". 27 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  186. ^ "Travel Documents – Notice – China TIBET Tourism Bureau". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  187. ^ "How to get Tibet Travel Permit, Successful Application Tips". Tibet Travel and Tours – Tibet Vista.
  188. ^ "How to get a Tibet Travel Permits – Tibet Visa 2018/2019". www.tibettravelplanner.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  189. ^ "Welcome to nginx". Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  190. ^ "Yemen Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  191. ^ Bermuda entry visas, Government of Bermuda.
  192. ^ Visas, Tourism Board of the British Virgin Islands.
  193. ^ Visa-free and visa-required countries, Department of Immigration of the Cayman Islands.
  194. ^ "Welcome to nginx". Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
  195. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  196. ^ "New to Denmark". www.nyidanmark.dk. The Danish Immigration Service. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  197. ^ "Montserrat Online Visa Application :: Government of Montserrat :: Home". www.immigration.ms.
  198. ^ Countries not requiring a visa, Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  199. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  200. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Niederlande: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  201. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  202. ^ Requirements to obtain a Turks and Caicos visitor's visa, Ministry of Border Control and Employment of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
  203. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  204. ^ "Entry Permit Waiver Program".
  205. ^ "Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve and Cartier Island Marine Reserve – Activities Allowed". Archived from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  206. ^ Quintero, Bruno. "Clipperton – Ile de La Passion". www.clipperton.fr.
  207. ^ "Fiji Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  208. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  209. ^ "COUNCIL DECISION 2013/755/EU of 25 November 2013 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Union ('Overseas Association Decision')". eur-lex.europa.eu. Official Journal of the European Union. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  210. ^ "Travelling to niue".
  211. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  212. ^ "Welcome to nginx eaa1a9e1db47ffcca16305566a6efba4!185.15.56.1". timaticweb.com. Archived from the original on 15 March 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
  213. ^ "Visiting the Refuge". 22 September 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008.
  214. ^ "Visiting Howland Island NWR". 8 October 2008. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008.
  215. ^ "Get Involved". 22 September 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008.
  216. ^ "Visiting the Refuge". 22 September 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008.
  217. ^ "Visiting the Refuge". 29 September 2008. Archived from the original on 29 September 2008.
  218. ^ "Visiting the Refuge". 22 September 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008.
  219. ^ "INFORMACIÓN A LA CIUDADANÍA – Consejo de Gobierno de Regimen Especial de Galápagos". gobiernogalapagos.gob.ec. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  220. ^ Immigration Ordinance 1999, Falkland Islands Government, 31 July 2017.
  221. ^ "Visitor Permit".
  222. ^ "South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (British Overseas Territory) travel advice". GOV.UK.
  223. ^ "Information for Visitors to South Georgia – South Georgia Website". Archived from the original on 12 April 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  224. ^ "Antarctic tourism – British Antarctic Survey". www.antarctica.ac.uk.
  225. ^ "British Antarctic Territory – GOV.UK". britishantarcticterritory.fco.gov.uk.
  226. ^ "Accès à l'Antarctique". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 1 May 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  227. ^ "Accès aux Terres australes françaises". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  228. ^ "Accès aux îles Eparses". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  229. ^ "Dna-IAA – la Antártida". Archived from the original on 5 August 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  230. ^ "Forms expeditioners must sign". www.antarctica.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  231. ^ "The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade acts in the world to make New Zealanders safer and more prosperous | New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Mfat.govt.nz. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  232. ^ Division, c=AU;o=Commonwealth of Australia;ou=Department of the Environment and Energy;ou=Australian Antarctic (28 February 2005). "Frequently asked questions". www.heardisland.aq.((cite web)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  233. ^ "Peter I Øy – Norwegian Polar Institute". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  234. ^ "Dronning Maud Land". Norwegian Polar Institute. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  235. ^ Büchenbacher, Katrin (24 November 2023). "China: Visum entfällt für Reisende aus Deutschland ab Dezember". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in Swiss High German). ISSN 0376-6829. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  236. ^ Nangara, Albert (7 October 2022). "Zambia Scraps Visa Requirements for Visiting Foreigners". The Exchange Africa. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  237. ^ "Conditions set for 103 nations exempted from entry visa to Oman". gulfnews.com. 10 December 2020.
  238. ^ "Germaniya Federativ Respublikasi fuqarolari uchun vizasiz rejim joriy etildi". Uzbektourism.uz.
  239. ^ "Citizens of 32 European countries exempted from visas for Cape Verde from January 1". 29 December 2018.
  240. ^ "Five-day visa-free regime to enter into force in Belarus on 12 February 2017". Eng.belta.by. 12 February 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  241. ^ "EU signs Visa Waiver Agreement with Solomon Islands – EEAS – European External Action Service – European Commission". EEAS – European External Action Service.
  242. ^ PacNews (8 July 2016). "EU and Marshall Islands sign visa-waiver agreement".
  243. ^ "Agreement – Consilium". www.consilium.europa.eu.
  244. ^ "São Tomé and Príncipe grants visa exemptions to citizens of Europe and the US". 29 July 2015.
  245. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Vietnam: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswärtiges Amt.
  246. ^ "Indonesia Formally Waives Visa Requirements for 45 Countries – Jakarta Globe". 12 June 2015.
  247. ^ "Resmi, Wisatawan Dari 45 Negara Ini Bebas Visa Kunjungan Wisata Ke Indonesia". Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. 12 June 2015.
  248. ^ "EU signs visa waiver agreement with Timor Leste". eu2015.lv.
  249. ^ "EU signs visa waiver agreements with 7 ACP countries – Consilium". www.consilium.europa.eu.
  250. ^ "EU signs visa waiver agreement with the United Arab Emirates – Consilium". www.consilium.europa.eu.
  251. ^ "Agreement between the European Union and the United Arab Emirates on the short-stay visa waiver".
  252. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Auswärtiges Amt – Kasachstan: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".
  253. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Auswärtiges Amt – Mongolei: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".
  254. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Auswärtiges Amt – Kirgisistan: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise".
  255. ^ "Processing of an e-visa". Consular Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  256. ^ "Tanzania launches e-visa, residence permit for foreigners ⋆". 26 November 2018.
  257. ^ Fave, Annie (8 March 2018). "Un e-visa pour Djibouti".
  258. ^ "Egypt's electronic visa is now available for 41 countries – Egypt Independent". 4 December 2017.
  259. ^ "ASAN Visa portal launched". 16 December 2016.
  260. ^ "Tajikistan e-Visa". www.evisa.tj.
  261. ^ Paladhi, Arijit (27 November 2014). "E-visa list for 43 nations to be announced today". Business Standard India – via Business Standard.
  262. ^ "Eleven Myanmar". www.elevenmyanmar.com.
  263. ^ a b c d e f g h "Countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and countries requiring yellow fever vaccination (July 2019)". World Health Organization. United Nations. 4 July 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  264. ^ "Gambia Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  265. ^ "Indonesia Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  266. ^ "Lebanon Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  267. ^ "Libya Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  268. ^ "Philippines Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  269. ^ a b "Saudi Arabia Required Vaccinations: Meningococcal Meningitis". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 20 August 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  270. ^ "Afghanistan Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 1 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  271. ^ "Belize Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  272. ^ "Brunei Darussalam Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  273. ^ "Egypt Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  274. ^ "Georgia Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  275. ^ "India Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  276. ^ "Iran Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  277. ^ "Iraq Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  278. ^ "Jordan Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  279. ^ "Lebanon Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  280. ^ "Libya Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  281. ^ "Maldives Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  282. ^ "Morocco Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  283. ^ "Nepal Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  284. ^ "Oman Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  285. ^ "Pakistan Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  286. ^ "Philippines Recommended Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  287. ^ "Qatar Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  288. ^ "Saint Kitts & Nevis Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  289. ^ "Saudi Arabia Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  290. ^ "Seychelles Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  291. ^ "Syria Required Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  292. ^ "Ukraine Recommended Vaccinations: Polio". iamat.org. International Association for Medical Assistance to Travellers (IAMAT). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  293. ^ Strong, Matthew (17 August 2021). "Palau limits travel bubble with Taiwan to already vaccinated or registered vaccine tourists". Taiwan News. Retrieved 18 August 2021. Only travellers already vaccinated and those registered to receive COVID-19 shots in Palau will be allowed to take part in the travel bubble with Taiwan, the Pacific island nation announced Tuesday (Aug. 17).
  294. ^ Ian, Sample (1 April 2021). "Pfizer vaccine has 91% efficacy for up to six months, trial shows". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 April 2021. He said scientists had become "terribly worried" about the variant's ability to evade immunity from previous infection or vaccination. "Studies like this confirm our sense that the vaccine gives such massive protective headroom that even with some loss of immunity, you're still safe," he said.
  295. ^ "Für welche Länder braucht man eigentlich einen Reisepass?". Travelbook (in German). 22 September 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  296. ^ "Visa information on Tunisia embassy website".
  297. ^ https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/613777bae90e0704352cbb0a/The_UK_s_points-based_immigration_system_-_An_introduction_for_EU_EEA_and_Swiss_visitors.pdf
  298. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  299. ^ "International Travel Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2013.
  300. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their national ID's".
  301. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  302. ^ Agence régionale de sante Guyane (2 September 2018). "Fièvre jaune" (in French). Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  303. ^ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  304. ^ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  305. ^ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  306. ^ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  307. ^ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  308. ^ Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  309. ^ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  310. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  311. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  312. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  313. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  314. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com.
  315. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  316. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  317. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  318. ^ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  319. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 26 October 2007.
  320. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  321. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  322. ^ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  323. ^ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  324. ^ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  325. ^ AfricaNews (14 January 2019). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  326. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  327. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  328. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  329. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  330. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  331. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  332. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  333. ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  334. ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  335. ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.

Notes

  1. ^ ETA required for Australia, Canada if arriving by air, Cape Verde,[2] Kenya, New Zealand, South Korea and the United States.
  2. ^ Including Australian eVisitor.
  3. ^ Including tourist card required in advance for Cuba.
  4. ^ Including visa on arrival with ETA for Pakistan.
  5. ^ Including visa on arrival with ETA for Sri Lanka.
  6. ^ Including Indonesian e-VOA.
  7. ^
  8. ^
  9. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  10. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  11. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  12. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
  13. ^ Saudi Arabia: in the Hajj and Umrah zones only
Categories