Romanian passport
A Romanian identity card is valid for travel to most European countries

Visa requirements for Romanian citizens are the administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other territories affecting citizens of Romania. As of January 2024, Romanian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 179 countries and territories, ranking the Romanian passport 13th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passport of Bulgaria), according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Romanian citizens using normal passports
  Romania - Right of abode
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required / eTA / EASE[2] / NZeTA / eVisitor / K-ETA / ETA
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[3]
 Albania Visa not required[4] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[5]
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
 Andorra Visa not required[6] 90 days
 Angola Visa not required[7][8] 30 days
  • 30 days per trip, but no more than 90 days within any 1 calendar year for tourism purposes only.[9]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[10]
  • An International Certificate of Vaccination is required.
  • As of September 2023 citizens of 98 countries can visit Angola visa free for up to 30 days
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[11][12] 180 days
 Argentina Visa not required[13] 90 days
 Armenia Visa not required[14] 180 days
 Australia eVisitor[15][16] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted.
  • The Romanian government officially considers that Australia maintains a visa regime towards its citizens since most are granted an eVisitor only manually after delays, and around 25% are denied.[17] This claim was dismissed by the European Commission.[18]
 Austria Visa not required[19]
 Azerbaijan eVisa[20] 30 days[21]
 Bahamas Visa not required[22] 3 months[23]
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[24] 14 days
  • Online visa available.[25]
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[26] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[27] 90 days
 Belarus Visa not required[28]
 Belgium Visa not required[34]
 Belize Visa not required[35] 30 days
 Benin eVisa[36] [37][38] 90 days
  • e-Visas are available for 30 or 90 days.
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan eVisa[39][40]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Bolivia Online Visa / Visa on arrival[41] 30 days[42] Airport only
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[43] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Botswana Visa not required[44] 90 days
 Brazil Visa not required[45] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Brunei Visa not required[46] 90 days
 Bulgaria Visa not required[47]
 Burkina Faso eVisa[48][49] 90 days
 Burundi Visa on arrival[50] 1 month
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[52] 30 days
  • Online visa available.[53]
 Cameroon eVisa[54]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Canada eTA / Visa not required[55] 6 months
  • On arrival from land or overseas
  • eTA required if arriving by air.[56][57]
  • Electronic passport required for visa-free travel.[58]
  • Non-electronic passports only eligible for visa-free travel with an expired Canadian visitor visa or a valid United States non-immigrant visa, with an eTA issued before 1 December 2017.[59]
 Cape Verde Visa not required[60] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[61]
 Central African Republic Visa required[62]
 Chad Visa required[63]
 Chile Visa not required[64] 90 days
 China Visa required[65]
 Colombia Visa not required[67] 180 days
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[68] 45 days
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[69]
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[70] 7 days
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
 Costa Rica Visa not required[71] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[72] 90 days
 Croatia Visa not required[74]
 Cuba Tourist card required[75] 90 days[76]
  • Can be extended up to 90 days with a fee.
 Cyprus Visa not required[77]
 Czech Republic Visa not required[78]
 Denmark Visa not required[79]
 Djibouti eVisa[80] 90 days
 Dominica Visa not required[81] 180 days
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[82] 90 days
 Ecuador Visa not required[83] 90 days
 Egypt eVisa/Visa on arrival[84][85] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[86] 3 months
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[87][88]
 Eritrea Visa required[90]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Estonia Visa not required[91]
 Eswatini Visa required[92]
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[93] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa not required[96] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[97]
 France Visa not required[98]
 Gabon eVisa[99] 90 days
 Gambia Visa not required[100] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[101] 1 year
 Germany Visa not required[102]
 Ghana Visa required[103]
 Greece Visa not required[104]
 Grenada Visa not required[105] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa not required[106] 90 days
 Guinea eVisa[107] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[108] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[109]
 Haiti Visa not required[110] 90 days
 Honduras Visa not required[111] 90 days
 Hungary Visa not required[112]
 Iceland Visa not required[113]
 India e-Visa[114] 30 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][115]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[116]
 Indonesia e-VOA / Visa on arrival[117] 30 days[118][119]
 Iran eVisa[120] 30 days[121]
  • Passengers who have already made an application, at least two days before arrival, at the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affair's E-Visa website[122] and present the submission notification at the airport's visa desk may obtain a visa on arrival.[123]
 Iraq Visa on arrival[124] 60 days
  • Visa not required for up to 30 days to Iraqi Kurdistan.
  • On the 15th of March 2021 the Iraqi government lifted pre-arrival visa requirements, allowing EU citizens to apply for visa on arrival in any entry point.[125]
 Ireland Visa not required[126]
 Israel Visa not required[127] 3 months
 Italy Visa not required[128]
 Jamaica Visa on arrival[129]
  • At the price of US$100
 Japan Visa not required[130] 90 days
 Jordan eVisa / Visa on arrival[131][132] 2 months
  • Conditions apply.[133]
  • Visa can be obtained upon arrival, it will cost a total of 40 JOD, obtainable at most international ports of entry and land border crossings. (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge)
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[134] 30 days[135]
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation[136] 3 months
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is 32.50 USD.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where you plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
 Kiribati Visa not required[137] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 North Korea Visa required[138]
 South Korea Visa not required[139] 90 days
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[140] 3 months
  • Online visa available (eVisa).
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required [141] 60 days
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[142][143] 30 days
 Latvia Visa not required[147]
 Lebanon Visa on arrival[148] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non-refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[149] 44 days[150]
 Liberia Visa required[151]
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
 Libya Visa required[152]
  • The visa allows stays of up to 30 days.
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[153]
 Lithuania Visa not required[154]
 Luxembourg Visa not required[155]
 Madagascar Visa on arrival 60 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[156][157] 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[158] 90 days[159]
 Maldives Visa on arrival[160] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[161]
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days.
 Malta Visa not required[162]
 Marshall Islands Visa not required[163] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[164] 30 days[165]
 Mauritius Visa not required[166] 90 days
  • The visa allows stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.
 Mexico Visa not required[167] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[168] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Moldova Visa not required[169] 90 days
 Monaco Visa not required[172] 90 days[173]
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Mongolia Visa not required[174] 30 days[175]
  • The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia has exempted visas for 34 countries from January 2023 to December 2025.
 Montenegro Visa not required[176] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid for 30 days
 Morocco Visa not required[177] 3 months
 Mozambique eVisa/Visa on arrival[178][179] 30 days
  • Travelers must register on the e-Visa platform at least 48 hours prior to travel and pay a processing fee of 650 MT. airports.
 Myanmar eVisa[180] 28 days
 Namibia Visa on arrival[181] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[182]
   Nepal eVisa / Visa on arrival[183][184] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[185]
 New Zealand NZeTA[186] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[187]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[188] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[187]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[189] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[190]
 Nigeria eVisa[191] 90 days[192][193]
  • Holders of written e-Visa approval issued by the Immigration Authority can obtain a visa on arrival, provided they hold a visa application form and e-Visa application payment receipt and have an invitation letter from a Nigerian company accepting immigration responsibilities.[194]
 North Macedonia Visa not required[195] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Norway Visa not required[196]
 Oman eVisa / Visa not required[197] 30 days / 14 days
  • eVisa is valid for 30 days is also available.
  • Holders of diplomatic or official passports is up to 90 days.
  • Must present proof of a confirmed hotel reservation, health insurance, and a return ticket.
 Pakistan Online Visa[198]
  • Online Visa eligible.[199]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to acquire a visa on arrival for business purposes.[200]
 Palau Visa not required[201] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Panama Visa not required[202] 90 days
 Papua New Guinea eVisa[203] 60 days
 Paraguay Visa not required[205] 90 days
 Peru Visa not required[206] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period[207]
 Philippines Visa not required[208] 30 days
 Poland Visa not required[209]
 Portugal Visa not required[210]
 Qatar Visa not required[211] 90 days
 Russia eVisa[212] 16 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive and departure via 29 checkpoints[213]
  • e-Visa service resumed as of August 2023[214]
  • Visa required for stays exceeding 16 days
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[215][216] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[217] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[218] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[219] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Samoa Visa not required[220] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 San Marino Visa not required[221] 20 days
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[222] 15 days
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[223][224] 90 days
 Senegal Visa not required[225] 90 days
 Serbia Visa not required[226] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Seychelles Visa not required[227] 3 months
 Sierra Leone eVisa / Visa on arrival[228][229] 30 days
 Singapore Visa not required[230] 90 days
 Slovakia Visa not required[231]
 Slovenia Visa not required[232]
 Solomon Islands Visa not required[233] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Somalia Visa on arrival[234] 30 days
 South Africa eVisa[235]
  • Obtainable online[236]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[237] 6 months[238]
  • Obtainable online[238]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[238]
 Spain Visa not required[239]
 Sri Lanka ETA / Visa on arrival[240] 30 days
  • Electronic Travel Authorization can also be obtained on arrival.
  • 30 days extendable to 6 months.
 Sudan Visa required[241]
 Suriname Visa not required[242] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of 25 USD or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[243]
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[244]
 Sweden Visa not required[245]
  Switzerland Visa not required[246]
 Syria Visa required[247]
 Tajikistan eVisa / Visa on arrival[248][249] 45 days
 Tanzania Visa not required[250] 3 months
 Thailand eVisa / Visa on arrival[251][252] 60/15 days
 Timor-Leste Visa not required[253] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Togo eVisa[254][255] 15 days
  • Visas are no longer issued upon arrival.[256]
 Tonga Visa not required[257] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[258] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Tunisia Visa not required[259] 3 months
 Turkey Visa not required[261] 3 months
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Turkmenistan Visa required[262]
 Tuvalu Visa not required[263] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Uganda eVisa[264] up to 24 months[265]
  • Visa on arrival not available anymore. May apply online.[266]
 Ukraine Visa not required[267] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[268] 90 days
 United Kingdom Visa not required[271] 6 months
 United States Visa required[272]
 Uruguay Visa not required[273] 90 days
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[274] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[275] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Vatican City Visa not required[276]
 Venezuela Visa not required[277] 90 days
 Vietnam eVisa[278] 30 days[279]
 Yemen Visa required[280]
 Zambia Visa not required[281] 90 days
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[282] 1 month (extendable to 3 months)

Dependent, disputed or unrecognized territories

Unrecognized or partially recognized countries

Visitor to Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa required[283]
Mount Athos Special permit required 4 days Special permit required (25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[284][285]
Belarus Brest and Grodno Visa not required Visa-free for 10 days[286]
 Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[287]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[288] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required 90 days ID card valid.
 Gibraltar Visa not required[289]
  • 6 months
 Guernsey Visa not required[290]
  • 6 months
 Jersey Visa not required[291]
  • 6 months
 Isle of Man Visa not required[292]
  • 6 months
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[293] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[294]
 Kosovo Visa not required[295] 90 days[296] ID card valid
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[297]
 South Ossetia Russian multiple entry visa required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[298][299]
 Transnistria Visa not required 24 hours Registration required after 24h.[300][301]
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[302]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[303]
Spain  Canary Islands Visa not required
Portugal  Madeira Visa not required
 Mayotte Visa not required
 Réunion Visa not required
 Ascension Island eVisa[304][305]
  • 3 months within any year period.
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass on arrival Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[306]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[307]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Visa not required 90 days Same visa regime as Morocco.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[308][309]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[310]
Asia
China Hainan Visa not required 30 days Individual tourists need to select a tour agency and inform them their schedule.[311][312]
 Hong Kong Visa not required 90 days[313]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[314][315][316][317][318][319]
 Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival 15 days Visa on arrival is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[320]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[321]
 Macao Visa not required 90 days[322]
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[323]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[324] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[325]
 Taiwan Visa not required 90 days[326]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OVIR permit required OVIR permit required, can be obtained with e-visa application for an additional 20 USD. Locally it may be obtained for 15+5 Tajikistani Somoni. Another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[327][328][329]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[330][331][332]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[333]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days[334]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[335]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Portugal  Azores Visa not required
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[336]
 Aruba Visa not required 30 days, extendable to 180 days[337][338]
 Bermuda Visa not required Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[339]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 3 months[340][341]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[342]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 6 months[343]
 Curacao Visa not required 3 months[344]
 Greenland Visa not required 90 days
 Guadeloupe Visa not required
 Martinique Visa not required
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[345][346]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[348]
 Saint Barthélemy Visa not required
 Saint Martin Visa not required
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[349]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required 3 months[350][351]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days[352]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required in advance[353]
Oceania
 American Samoa Visa required[354]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[355]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[356]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[357]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[358]
 Guam Visa required in advance
 New Caledonia Visa not required
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[359]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa required[360]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days Landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[361][362][363]
France  French Polynesia Visa not required
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[364][365][366][367][368][369][370]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required
South America
 French Guiana Visa not required
Galápagos Online pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[371]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa not required 1 month
  • A visitor permit is normally issued as a stamp in the passport on arrival, The maximum validity period is 1 month.[372]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[373][374]
Antarctica Permit required Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[375][376][377][378][379][380][381][382][383][384][385]

Non-ordinary passports

Holders of various categories of official Romanian passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries:

Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Non-visa restrictions

A Romanian identity card is valid for travel to most of the European countries

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[386] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[387] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[388]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[389][390]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[391][392] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[393]

Some countries, such as Japan,[394] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[395] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[396] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[397] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[398] Philippines,[399] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[400]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[401] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[402] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[403]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[404] Lebanon,[405] Libya,[406] Syria,[407] and Yemen[408] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[409]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[410][411] Argentina,[412] Brunei, Cambodia,[413] China,[414] Ethiopia,[415] Ghana, Guinea,[416] India, Japan,[417][418] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[419] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[420] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[421] Singapore, South Korea,[422] Taiwan, Thailand,[423] Uganda,[424] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[425][426][427] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[428]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[429] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[430][431] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[432] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[433][434]

Statistics

Foreign travel by Romanians

These were the numbers of Romanian visitors to various countries in 2014:

Foreign travel statistics
Destination Number of visitors
 Austria[435] 264,704
 Belgium[436] 41,630
 Bulgaria[437] 1,439,853
 Croatia[438] 63,000
 Cyprus[439] 18,161
 Greece[440] 543,360
 Hungary[note 1][441] 230,436
 Macedonia[442] 7,142
 Moldova[443] 22,624
 Montenegro[444] 16,112
 New Zealand[445] 1,188
 Poland[446] 38,112
 Russia[447] 30,886
 Serbia[448] 36,959
 Seychelles[note 2][449] 942
 Slovakia[450] 22,756
 Slovenia[451] 25,730
 Turkey[452] 426,585
 Ukraine[453] 584,774
 United Kingdom[454] 471,411
 United States[455] 71,923
  1. ^ Counting only visitors staying overnight in official accommodation.
  2. ^ Data for 2015

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Diplomatic missions of Romania

When in a non-EU country where there is no Romanian embassy, Romanian citizens as EU citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Romania.

See also

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Notes

  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  4. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
Categories