Volkhov
Волхов
Town[1]
In Volkhov
In Volkhov
Flag of Volkhov
Flag
Coat of arms of Volkhov
Coat of arms
Location of Volkhov
Map
Volkhov is located in Russia
Volkhov
Volkhov
Location of Volkhov
Volkhov is located in Leningrad Oblast
Volkhov
Volkhov
Volkhov (Leningrad Oblast)
Coordinates: 59°55′N 32°18′E / 59.917°N 32.300°E / 59.917; 32.300
CountryRussia
Federal subjectLeningrad Oblast[1]
Administrative districtVolkhovsky District[1]
Settlement municipal formationVolkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
FoundedBeginning of
the 20th century[2]
Town status sinceDecember 27, 1933[3]
Elevation
33 m (108 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[4]
 • Total47,182
 • Estimate 
(2018)[5]
44,868 (−4.9%)
 • Capital ofVolkhovsky District,[1] Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
 • Municipal districtVolkhovsky Municipal District[6]
 • Urban settlementVolkhovskoye Urban Settlement[6]
 • Capital ofVolkhovsky Municipal District,[6] Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement[6]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[7])
Postal code(s)[8]
187401–187404, 187406, 187409
Dialing code(s)+7 81363
OKTMO ID41609101001

Volkhov (Russian: Во́лхов) is an industrial town and the administrative center of Volkhovsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the river Volkhov 122 kilometers (76 mi) east of St. Petersburg. Population: 47,182 (2010 Census);[4] 46,596 (2002 Census);[9] 50,325 (1989 Census).[10]

It was previously known as Zvanka (until December 27, 1933),[3] Volkhovstroy (until April 11, 1940).[3]

History

The town developed during the industrialization in the first half of the 20th century.[2] The settlement of Zvanka (Званка) with a train depot was built here while the railway connecting St. Petersburg with Vologda was being constructed.[2] It was a part of Novoladozhsky Uyezd of St. Petersburg Governorate.[citation needed] A second rail line running north of the station towards Murmansk was constructed in 1916,[2] making the station an important railway junction. In 1918, construction of the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station (the first in the Soviet Union) started on this spot.[2] In 1926, the power plant became operational and in 1932, the first Soviet aluminum plant was launched nearby.[2]

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Volkhovsky District, with the administrative center in Zvanka, was established.[3] The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[3] On August 15, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[11] On December 27,[citation needed] 1933, the settlements serving the station, the dam, and the aluminum plant were merged with several adjacent villages to form the town of Volkhovstroy.[3] On September 19, 1939, Volkhovstroy became a town of oblast significance and on April 11, 1940, it was renamed Volkhov.[3] During World War II, between 1941 and 1944, the Volkhov River separated the Soviet and the German positions, and Volkhov was a battleground scene. The city itself was never occupied by German troops, and in December 1941 the advance of the German troops to Volkhov was stopped by the Red Army.[12]

In 2010, the administrative structure of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with its municipal structure[13] and Volkhov became a town of district significance.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Volkhov serves as the administrative center of Volkhovsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Volkhovsky District as Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.[1] As a municipal division, Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Volkhovsky Municipal District as Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement.[6]

Economy

Industry

The economy of Volkhov is essentially based on the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station and on the aluminum production plant.[14]

Transportation

Volkhovstroy I railway station

Volkhov (railway stations Volkhovstroy I and Volkhovstroy II) is an important railway hub. One railway line connects in with St. Petersburg (Moskovsky Rail Terminal), and Volkhovstroy I is the terminal station of suburban trains from St. Petersburg. To the east, a railway line continues to Vologda via Tikhvin and Cherepovets. Another railway line passing through Volkhov connects Chudovo in the south and Lodeynoye Pole, Petrozavodsk, and ultimately Murmansk in the north. In Chudovo, it connects to railway between St. Petersburg and Moscow, so that all traffic between Moscow and Murmansk proceeds via Volkhovstroy.

Volkhov is located on the road connecting Kiselnya on the M18 Highway, which connects St. Petersburg and Murmansk, and Tikhvin, Cherepovets and Vologda.[clarification needed] Volkhov is also connected by roads with Kirishi and with Novaya Ladoga. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Volkhov.

The Volkhov River is navigable; however, there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

The dam of the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station

The district contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally seventeen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[15] The federal monuments are the Volkhov Hydroelectric station, the monument to Genrikh Graftio, the head of the construction of the power plant, the first building of the aluminum plant, as well as the houses where Graftio and Boris Vedeneyev, who was also leading the power plant construction, lived.

Twin towns and sister cities

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Volkhov is twinned with:

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Oblast Law #32-oz
  2. ^ a b c d e f Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 90–91. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Волховский район (август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
  4. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  5. ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  6. ^ a b c d e Law #56-oz
  7. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ "00344" Ленинградская область (in Russian). Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
  12. ^ Гришина Л.И., Файнштейн Л.А., Великанова Г.Я., Памятные Места Ленинградской Области (1973). Волхов (in Russian). Lenizdat. Retrieved May 6, 2018.((cite web)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  14. ^ Справочник "Волхов" (in Russian). SPR. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  15. ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.

Sources

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