Great Vukovar Synagogue
Velika Vukovarska Sinagoga
Vukovar Synagogue around 1900
Religion
AffiliationJudaism
RiteAshkenazi
LeadershipRabbi Izrael Scheer
Statusdevastated (1941), demolished (1958)
Location
LocationVukovar, Croatia
Geographic coordinates45°20′18″N 19°00′14″E / 45.3382°N 19.0038°E / 45.3382; 19.0038
Architecture
Architect(s)Ludwig Schöne (de)
TypeSynagogue
StyleNeo-romanticism, Neo-Mudéjar
Completed1889
Demolished1958

Vukovar Synagogue was the main synagogue of the Jewish community in Vukovar, Croatia, after the first smaller synagogue was sold to the Calvinist church in 1910.[1] It was constructed in 1889 in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, within the Austria-Hungary.

The Jews of Vukovar settled in the city in the 19th century from other parts of the Habsburg monarchy. The Jewish community in Vukovar was one of the oldest and most significant Jewish communities in Croatia.[2] The first Vukovar synagogue was built in 1845 by architect Fran Funtak. In 1889, Austria-Hungarian architect Ludwig Schöne (de) built the Great Vukovar Synagogue for over 200 members of the Vukovar Jewish community. In 1941, during World War II, the synagogue was plundered and devastated by the Nazis.[1] Almost all members of the city's Jewish community were killed during the Holocaust; including Rabbi Izrael Scher (also known as Izidor Šer, born 1901) and his wife, Klara (born 1906), both Doctors, who were murdered at the Jasenovac concentration camp in July 1941.[3][4][5][6] In 1958, communist authorities of the SFR Yugoslavia demolished the synagogue and sold the remaining ruins.[1]

A virtual reconstruction of the Vukovar Synagogue has been done by the Vienna University of Technology.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c (in Croatian) Filozofski fakultet odsjek za povijest umjetnosti; Dragan Damjanović; O gradnji i stilu prve vukovarske sinagoge iz 1845. godine; stranica 242; 2007.
  2. ^ (in Croatian) Ha-Kol (Glasilo Židovske zajednice u Hrvatskoj); Dragan Damjanović; Obitelj Pfeffermann i njihova poslovno stambena jednokatnica u Vukovaru iz 1923; stranica 32; broj 106, srpanj / kolovoz / rujan 2008.
  3. ^ Kraus (1998, p. 463)
  4. ^ "Židovska općina Zagreb". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  5. ^ "Šer dr Scher Izrael , Vukovar". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  6. ^ "Šer dr Scher Klara, Vukovar". CENDO (in Croatian). Zagreb. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  7. ^ "Virtuelle Rekonstruktion der Synagoge in Vukovar/Kroatien" (PDF) (in German). Vienna University of Technology. Retrieved 2023-11-30.

Bibliography

  • Kraus, Ognjen (1998). Dva stoljeća povijesti i kulture Židova u Zagrebu i Hrvatskoj. Zagreb: Židovska općina Zagreb. ISBN 953-96836-2-9.


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