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((Short description|Lebanese composer (1876–1952)))
((Use dmy dates|date=August 2020))((Multiple issues|
((More citations needed|date=December 2020))
((More footnotes needed|date=August 2020))
))
((Infobox person
| image              = Portrait of Wadia Sabra.jpg
| spouse             = Adèle Misk (4-11-1886/ 28-03-1968)
Marriage date : April 22nd 1921
| children           = Badia Achkar Haddad (1923–2009; ((small|adopted in 1950)))
| name               = Wadia Sabra
| birth_date         = ((birth date|1876|02|23|df=yes))
| death_date         = ((death date and age|1952|04|11|1876|02|23|df=yes))
| birth_place        = Ain el Jdideh, Lebanon
| education          = Studied with Albert Lavignac at the Paris Conservatoire
| relatives          = Parents:
Jirjis Sabra and Sarah Sarkis

Sisters:
Edma, Louisa, Emilia, Rosa

Brothers:
Anis, Nassib
| known_for          = 1st Lebanese to study at the Paris Conservatoire 1895
Composed the [[National anthem of Lebanon]] 1927
Founder of the Lebanese National Conservatory of Music 1929
| burial_place       = Evangelical Cemetery Sodeco Beirut
))
'''Wadia (Wadih) Sabra'''((efn|He personally insisted on spelling his name '''WADIA''' with an '''A''' at the end and all his printed works have that specific spelling)) (((lang-ar| وديع صبرا)) ((transliteration|ar|ALA-LC|Wadī((ayn)) Ṣabrā)); 23 February 1876 &ndash; 11 April 1952) was a Lebanese [[composer]] and founder of the [[Conservatoire Libanais]].<ref>((Cite web|title=BBC NEWS ((!)) Programmes ((!)) Crossing Continents ((!)) Website Exclusive: Beirut Rebuilds a Culture|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/238049.stm|access-date=2020-12-03|website=news.bbc.co.uk))</ref>

==Life==
Wadia (Wadih) Sabra was born in 1876 in the village of Ain el Jdideh and died in [[Beirut]] in 1952. He married Adèle Misk in 1921 and had no children. He was buried in the Evangelical Cemetery in Sodeco Beirut.

As a composer, his music is characterized as a blend of Western and Eastern musical languages, incorporating the strengths and charms of both traditions. He is best known today as the composer of the [[Lebanese National Anthem]],<ref>((Cite web|last=Bacha|first=François El|title=Liban/Histoire: L'Hymne national du Liban|url=https://libnanews.com/liban-histoire-lhymne-national-du-liban/|access-date=2020-12-03|website=Libnanews, Le Média Citoyen du Liban|date=22 November 2020 |language=fr-FR))</ref> popularly known as ''Kulluna lil Watan'' (words by Rashid Nakhle), which was officially adopted by the Lebanese Government through a presidential decree on 12 July 1927.

He is considered the founding father of classical music in Lebanon.

After studying at the American University of Beirut, he left for Paris in 1892, with a scholarship from the French Embassy to study at the Conservatoire de Paris.<ref>((Cite web|title=Wadih Sabra Biographie|url=https://www.symphozik.info/wadih+sabra,182.html|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.symphozik.info))</ref> He stayed for 7 years where he studied with the musicologist Albert Lavignac.<ref>((Cite web|title=One Fine Art ((!)) artists - musicians / wadih sabra|url=https://www.onefineart.com/artists/musicians/wadih-sabra|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.onefineart.com))</ref> He took a job as the principal organist of the Evangelical Church of the Holy Spirit. He then returned to Beirut, where he founded, in 1910, the first School of Music (Dar ul Musica). Despite having a great interest in the study of Western disciplines, Sabra was, during his first stay in Paris, the initiator of a new style in oriental music, particularly Lebanese. His conspicuous taste for research made him return to Paris, where he worked with the Pleyel studios to develop a "new unit of measurement", the "universal range", which he was going to present to the specialists in music during a Congress planned in Beirut, had he not died on the 11th of April 1952.

Sabra, the founder-administrator of "Dar ul Musica" saw his School become "national" on 31 October 1925, which, in 1929, also grew to become the "National Conservatory ", which he was called to direct. Not only does his legacy include a keyboard with quarter-tone intervals, but also work on "Arab music, basis of Western art", as well as a certain number of various works, including the Lebanese National Anthem. The National School of Music has been endowed with a Monthly Review, a permanent link between this Institution, its students, and the first music lovers of Lebanon.

Most of Sabra's music was considered lost, and only a few examples of his work remained in the performance repertoire; however, as of 2016, all his works have been found and archived at the ((ill|Centre du patrimoine musical libanais|fr)) (CMPL).

Sabra was "in ruins" after spending all his money on his work; hence, after many unsuccessful requests of grants and retirement pension to the Lebanese government, his wife, Adèle Misk, went to live with her nephew Dr. Robert Misk. Moreover, the atmosphere between Adèle and their adoptive daughter Badiha Ashkar had arrived to a point of no return, she decided to hide all her husband's works in a blue metal trunk box that the family called "''La Malle Bleue''", where they remained until 2016, when the Misk family gave it to the CPML for safekeeping.

Because of these archives, Zeina Saleh Kayali was able to write a biography on Wadia Sabra in 2018 in the collection "Figures musicales du Liban"<ref>((Cite web|date=2017-01-13|title=Figures musicales du Liban|url=https://www.agendaculturel.com/article/Livre_Figures_musicales_du_Liban|access-date=2020-12-03|website=AgendaCulturel))</ref> (Musical Figures of Lebanon). (((ISBN|978-2-7053-4002-5)))

in 2021, the baritone Fady Jeanbart published 2 books<ref>((Cite web |date=2021-08-23 |title=Wadih Sabra : de l'oubli vers la lumière |url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1272442/wadih-sabra-de-loubli-vers-la-lumiere.html |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=L'Orient-Le Jour))</ref> of scores of Sabra's works:

# Les Bergers de Canaan & L'Émigré (extraits) ((ISBN|978-9953-0-5443-8))
# 20 pièces pour piano ((ISBN|978-9953-0-5442-1))

Sabra had an oriental piano manufactured by [[Pleyel]] in Paris in 1920.<ref>((Cite web|title=One Fine Art ((!)) internal page - wadih sabra / wadih sabra genius lebanese musician|url=https://www.onefineart.com/internal-page/wadih-sabra/wadih-sabra-genius-lebanese-musician|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.onefineart.com))</ref>

On the initiative of the "Friend of the Cedars Forest Committee-Bsharry" as well as baritone Fady Jeanbart, a cedar was baptized in the name of Wadia Sabra in the new reserve of the Cedars of God forest in northern Lebanon on Sunday October 2, 2022.

It bears the number: Z10-2066/6477<ref>((Cite web |title=الوكالة الوطنية للإعلام - لجنة اصدقاء غابة الارز أحيت يوم العراب على سفوح جبل المكمل وكرمت الموسيقار الراحل وديع صبرا |url=https://www.nna-leb.gov.lb/ar/%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA/567098 |access-date=2022-10-04 |website=اﻷحداث |language=ar))</ref>

==Selected works==
===Operas<ref name=":0">((Cite web|title=CPML - Centre du Patrimoine Musical Libanais|url=http://www.patrimoinemusicallibanais.com/pages/details.php?Variable=SABRA%20Wadih|access-date=2020-12-03|website=www.patrimoinemusicallibanais.com))</ref>===
*''Les Bergers de Canaan'', (''The Shepards of Canaan'') biblique opera in Turkish, libretto by Halide Edib Hanoum, 1917, French version by  Mrs J.Ph de Barjeau
*''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeMPKgQY9ic Les Deux Rois]'', (''The Two Kings'') 1st opera in Arabic, libretto by father Maroun Ghosn, 1928
*''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fao29zjDqCo L'Émigré]'', (''The Emigrant'') French operetta, libretto by Robert Chamboulan, 1931

===Oratorio<ref name=":0" />===
*''Les Voix de Noël'', Oratorio pour solistes (Baryton, Mezzo, ténor et choeur), paroles d'Auguste Fisch 1896
*''Nous prêchons ton amour'', cantique religieux pour solo (Mezzo ou Baryton) et choeur, 1896
*''Venez à moi'', cantique religieux pour solo (Mezzo ou Baryton)et choeur, 1896
*''La gloire du Liban'', cantique pour solo et choeur, paroles du père Maroun Ghosn (1880–1940)

===Melodies<ref name=":0" />===
*''Quoi? tout est fini?'', Arabic lyrics by Saïd Akl
*''Souvenir d'une mère'', Arabic lyrics by Shibli Mallat (1876–1961)
*''Notre mère la Terre'', Arabic lyrics by Rushdi Ma'louf (1915–1980)
*''Me voilà Liban'', pour soliste et choeur, Arabic lyrics.
*''Voici le matin'', Arabic lyrics by Gibran Khalil Gibran.
*''Le desert'', pour soliste et choeur, Arabic lyrics
*''Ya Misrou'', Chant Patriotique en l'honneur du héros national Saad Zaghloul Pacha, Arabic lyrics by d'Alexandra d'Avierino
*''L'Hymne de la Gaule'', French lyrics by E.Creissel

===Piano<ref name=":0" />===
*''Valse de Concert (1906)''
*''Valse Caprice (1933)''
*''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_deViz4slk Valse Orientale]''
*''La Rozana'', 12 variations sur l'air populaire (1913)
*''El Dabké'', le véritable quadrille orientale
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2lAoersWvc ''Gavotte'' en ré mineur]
*''Hawed min hona'', 12 variations (1924)
* Several untitled pieces, essentially dances & marches
*''Recueil d'airs Orientaux'' : (1906-1909)
# Ahwal - Ghazal
# Ouaskinir - Rah
# Kaddoulal - Mayyass
# Raieh - feine
# Antal  - Moumannah
# Marche Orientale
# Kom Ouastameh
# Ya Ghazâli
# Padishahem
# Al Djazayer
# Polka Orientale
# Ya Safal - Azman
# Binteche - Chalabyya
# Oumi Tkaddari
# Tafta Hindi
# Madad Madad
# La Constitutionnelle
# Hymne Constitutionnel
# 2e Marche Orientale
# 3e Marche Orientale

==Decorations==
* Academic palms, officer rank (France)
* Medal of Officer of the Order of Public Instruction (France)
* Lebanese Silver Merit Medal: 05-22-1935 (decree n ° 1853)
* Knight of the Legion of Honor (France)
*Lebanese Gold Merit Medal : 12-04-1952 (decree no 299)

==Notes==
((Notelist))

==References==
; References
((Reflist))

; Works Cited
* https://data.bnf.fr/fr/16420920/wadia_sabra/
* [https://geuthner.com/livre/wadia-sabra/1159 Zeina Saleh Kayali "Figures musicales du Liban" aux éditions Geuthner] (((ISBN|978-2-7053-4002-5)))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120206134230/http://opera.stanford.edu/composers/S.html 'OperaGlass' page (cached)]
* http://portal.gov.lb/index.html ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806202444/http://portal.gov.lb/index.html |date=6 August 2020 ))
* [https://www.agendaculturel.com/article/loeuvre-musicale-de-wadia-sabra-enfin-disponible Les Bergers de Canaan & L'Émigré (extraits), édition Fady Jeanbart] ((ISBN|978-9953-0-5443-8))
* [https://www.agendaculturel.com/article/loeuvre-musicale-de-wadia-sabra-enfin-disponible 20 pièces pour piano , édition Fady Jeanbart]((ISBN|978-9953-0-5442-1))

==External links==
* [https://www.patrimoinemusicallibanais.com/index.php CMPL]

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Sabra, Wadia))
[[Category:Lebanese composers]]
[[Category:Lebanese Christians]]
[[Category:Lebanese classical composers]]
[[Category:Lebanese opera composers]]
[[Category:Lebanese Protestant hymnwriters]]
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1952 deaths]]
[[Category:National anthem writers]]
[[Category:Musicians from Beirut]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Conservatoire Libanais]]

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