Walter K. Andersen is an American academic known for his studies of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) – a Hindu nationalist organization. He currently serves as Senior Adjunct Professor of South Asia Studies at Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies and is a part of the faculty of Tongji University, Shanghai (China). Previously, he taught comparative politics at the College of Wooster before joining the United States State Department as a political analyst for South Asia specializing in India and Indian Ocean affairs.[1] Additionally, he was an adjunct professor at The American University in Washington, D.C.[1]

Education

Andersen earned his Ph.D. in political science from the University of Chicago.[2] As a part of his field work, he lived in India for four years from late 1960s through early 1970s. There he came in contact with Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP, the student wing of RSS). That association led to an introduction to M. S. Golwalker – the head of RSS. His scholarship has focussed on the RSS and Indian politics. He considers Lloyd and Susanne Rudolph as his mentors, states an article in The Indian Express.[3]

Scholarship of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Andersen, with Sridhar D. Damle, co-authored the 1987 book The Brotherhood in Saffron: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu Revivalism.[4] The book has been called an authoritative, detailed examination of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), including its early growth in the pre-independence period, its organization, the function of its various officers and the evolution of its ideology. "The founders of the RSS concluded that the Hindu social body was weak and disorganized because dharma was neither clearly understood nor correctly observed." It was the task of the Sangh's members to create a stable Hindu society and culture.[5]

Walter K Anderson (far left) during the launch of his book "The RSS" co-authored with Sridhar D. Damle and published by Penguin. Also in picture Rajdeep Sardesai and Nistula Hebbar.

The authors avoid categorizing the RSS as having an ideologically loaded framework and treat it with "understanding and objectivity."[6] Roughly half the book focuses on the political involvement of the Sangh, with the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, the Janata Party and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and includes information about how the Sangh exerts influence on the political partners.[5]

In 2018, Andersen and Damle co-authored The RSS: A View to the Inside.[7] After the book's publication, the Political Science scholar Ashutosh Varshney remarked that "Andersen is the only scholar who has observed or studied the RSS for nearly five decades".[3] According to Andrew Nathan, Andersen and Damle "take an exceptionally well-informed look at the RSS, including its relations with affiliate organizations", and discuss how the "core concept of Hindutva, or “Hinduness,” is now glossed as loyalty to a vaguely defined Indian civilization rather than adherence to specific religious practices, a revision made easier by the unsystematic character of Hindu beliefs" while still "espousing aggressive anti-Muslim and socially conservative positions".[8] Andersen calls the book as a sequel to The Brotherhood in Saffron book published in 1987, and one that presents the significant changes in India and the RSS since 1987. According to Andersen, the RSS has formed and grown over a hundred affiliated organizations to help penetrate nearly every part of India. These affiliates now play an active role in lobbying the policy processes.[9]

Walter Andersen has also written a four-part series of articles on the Rastriya Swayamsevak Sangh in the Economic and Political Weekly in 1972.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b Ramon H. Myers, ed. (1982). A U.S. Foreign Policy for Asia: The 1980s and Beyond. Hoover Institution Press. p. 141. ISBN 0-8179-7712-0.
  2. ^ "Walter Andersen, Senior Adjunct Professor of South Asia Studies". Johns Hopkins University SAIS. 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-04-17.
  3. ^ a b Ashutosh Varshney (August 11, 2018). "A battle between Hindutva and Hinduism is coming". Indian Express. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
  4. ^ Walter K Andersen; Shridhar D Damle (1987). The Brotherhood In Saffron: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh And Hindu Revivalism. Avalon Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8133-7358-4.
  5. ^ a b Jones, Kenneth W. (February 1988). "The Brotherhood in Saffron: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu Revivalism by Walter K. Andresen; Shridhar D. Damle - Review". The Journal of Asian Studies. 47 (1): 162–163. doi:10.2307/2056409. JSTOR 2056409. S2CID 161968933.
  6. ^ Malik, Yogendra K. (May 1989). "The Brotherhood in Saffron: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu Revivalism by Walter K. Andresen; Shridhar D. Damle - Review". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 503: 156–157. doi:10.1177/0002716289503001021. JSTOR 1047233. S2CID 220839484.
  7. ^ Walter Andersen; Shridhar Damle (2018). The RSS: A View to the Inside. Penguin Random House. ISBN 978-93-5305-159-4.
  8. ^ The RSS: A View to the Inside by Walter K. Andersen and Shridhar D. Damle, Reviewed by Andrew J. Nathan, Foreign Affairs (March/April 2019)
  9. ^ The RSS: A View to the Inside Walter Andersen, India in Transition, Center for the Advanced Study of India, University of Pennsylvania (May 20, 2019); The article also appeared in The Hindu newspaper on May 21 2019
  10. ^ [a] Andersen, Walter (11 March 1972). "The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, I: Early Concerns". Economic and Political Weekly. 7 (11): 589+591–597. JSTOR 4361126.
    [b] Andersen, Walter (18 March 1972). "The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, II: Who Represents the Hindus?". Economic and Political Weekly. 7 (12): 633–640. JSTOR 4361149.
    [c] Andersen, Walter (25 March 1972). "The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, III: Participation in Politics". Economic and Political Weekly. 7 (13): 673+675+677–682. JSTOR 4361179.
    [d] Andersen, Walter (1 April 1972). "The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, IV: Jana Sangh and Other Organisations". Economic and Political Weekly. 7 (14): 724–727. JSTOR 4361197.
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