War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to:

• Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC)
• Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709)
• Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see also Mongol invasion of Central Asia (1216–1222)
• Mughal conquests in Afghanistan (1526)
• Afghan-Sikh Wars (1748-1837)
• Afghan Civil War (1863–1869), a civil war between Sher Ali Khan and Mohammad Afzal Khan's faction after the death of Dost Mohammad Khan
• Anglo−Afghan Wars (first involvement of the British Empire in Afghanistan via the British Raj)
  • First Anglo−Afghan War (1839–1842)
  • Second Anglo−Afghan War (1878–1880)
  • Third Anglo−Afghan War (1919)
• Panjdeh incident (1885), first major incursion into Afghanistan by the Russian Empire during the Great Game (1830–1907) with the United Kingdom of Britain and Ireland
• First Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), revolts by the Shinwari and the Saqqawists, the latter of whom managed to take over Kabul for a 9-month period
• Afghan conflict (1978–present)
  • Saur Revolution (1978), communist insurrection against the Republic of Afghanistan government by the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
  • Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989), war between the Afghan mujahideens, supported by the United States as part of the Cold War,^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]} and the Soviet Union following intervention of the Soviet Armed Forces in support of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government
  • Second Afghan Civil War (1989–1992), collapse of the Afghan Communist government of Mohammad Najibullah
  • Third Afghan Civil War (1992–1996), expansion of the Taliban across most of Afghanistan and establishment of the Taliban-ruled Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in 1996
  • Fourth Afghan Civil War (1996–2001), lead-up to the 2001 United States invasion of Afghanistan, during which the Taliban controlled most of Afghanistan, with the Northern Alliance controlling northern Afghanistan
  • War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), multiple stages:
    • United States invasion of Afghanistan against the Taliban and al-Qaeda in 2001
    • Combatting the Taliban insurgency with the International Security Assistance Force (a coalition of countries including all NATO members) from 2001 to 2014
    • Resolute Support Mission phase consisting of anti-insurgency operations against the Taliban, al-Qaeda, and ISIL from 2014 to 2021
    • 2021 Taliban offensive, Taliban victory and fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
  • Islamic State–Taliban conflict (2015–present)
  • Republican insurgency in Afghanistan (2021–present), a conflict between ruling Taliban militias and rebels

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