Web literacy refers to the skills and competencies needed for reading, writing, and participating on the web.[1] It has been described as "both content and activity" meaning that web users should not just learn about the web but also about how to make their own website.[2]
In the late 1990s, literacy researchers began to explore the differences between printed text and the network-enabled devices with screens. This research was largely focused on two areas: the credibility of information that can be found on the World Wide Web[3] and the difference that hypertext makes to reading and writing.[4] These skills were included in definitions of information literacy and included in a SCONUL position paper in 1999.[5] This paper became the '7 Pillars of Information Literacy', which was last updated in 2011.[6]
The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that aims to promote openness, innovation and participation on the Internet. It has created a Web Literacy Map[1] in consultation with a community of stakeholders from formal and informal education, as well as industry.[7] [1] Work on what was originally entitled a Web Literacy 'Standard' began in early 2013. Version 1.0 was launched at the Mozilla Festival later that year.[8] Going forward, 'standard' was seen to be problematic and against the ethos of what the Mozilla community was trying to achieve.[9]
Literacy Version 1.1 of the Web Literacy Map was released in early 2014[10] and underpins the Mozilla Foundation's Webmaker resources section, where learners and mentors can find activities that help teach related areas. Although the Web Literacy Map is a list of strands, skills and competencies, it is most commonly represented as a competency grid.
The Mozilla community finalized the version 1.5 of the Web Literacy Map at the end of March 2015.[11] This involves small changes to the competencies layer and a comprehensive review of the skills they contain.[12]
(Navigating the Web)
(Creating the Web)
(Participating on the Web)