The toponym is from the Old Englishtāna feld, meaning "open land where young shoots grow", or possibly "open land of a man called Tana".[3] The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Tanefeld. The manor was owned by Thorkil at the time of the Norman invasion, but were afterwards granted to Count Alan of Brittany.[4] The manor was held by Hugh, son of Gernegan thereafter and his heirs until at least 1243. One of these heirs, a woman named Avis had married Robert Marmion and held the manor in 1287. The Marmion family held the manor until 1387 when it passed to the next line of descent to the wife of Sir Henry Fitz Hugh. The Fitz Hugh family held the manor until 1513 when the direct line ended and it passed to another branch family, the Parr's. The Parr's held the manor until the death of William Parr, Marquess of Northampton in 1571. William was also the brother of Catherine Parr, Queen consort to Henry VIII. The manor was passed back to the Crown at that time before being granted in 1572 to William Cecil, Lord Burghley. The manor was inherited by his son Thomas, Earl of Exeter and thence his son William. Having no surviving son, the manor of Tanfield passed to his second daughter whose second marriage was to Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin and 1st Earl of Ailesbury and who held the manor in 1676 and was passed down the line of descent until 1738. It became the possession of Thomas Bruce Brudenell, who succeeded to the title as well. It remained with the family until 1886.[5][6]
The village has a monument called the Marmion Tower, a 15th-century gatehouse which belonged to the now vanished manor house and former home of the Marmion family known as the "Hermitage".[7] At first floor level there is an example of an oriel window. The tower is now in the care of English Heritage and is a Grade I listed building.[8][9]
West Tanfield was historically a parish in the North Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974 it was transferred to Hambleton district in the new county of North Yorkshire.
The village lies within the Richmond (Yorks) UK Parliament constituency. It also lies within the Bedale electoral division of North Yorkshire County Council and the Tanfield ward of Hambleton District Council.[12]
An electoral ward in the name of Tanfield exists. This ward stretches east to Pickhill with a total population taken at the 2011 Census of 1,865.[14]
Geography
The village lies on the A6108 Ripon to Leyburn road and on the north bank of a large meander on the River Ure. The settlements of Nosterfield, Thornborough, Binsoe, Mickley and North Stainley all lie within 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of the village.[12]
Demography
The 2001 UK Census recorded the population of the Parish as 532 of which 48.5% were male and 51.5% female. There were 242 dwellings in the Parish of which 92 were detached.[15] The parish population had increased to 636 by the time of the census 2011.
Amenities
Village services include two public houses and a village store encompassing the post office.[16] The public houses are both Grade II Listed buildings.[17][18] The Memorial Hall serves as a venue for events in the village and was built as a monument to the men of West Tanfield who died during the two world wars. West Tanfield has two holiday parks, Cedar Retreats to the east of the village and Riverdale Rural Holidays to the south.[19]
Education
St Nicholas CE School is located in the village and is within the catchment area of Bedale High School for secondary education. The present structure in Marmion Court was built in 1965.[20][21]
Sport
There is a village football team.[22] The village Cricket Club which was founded in 1907 is situated at Sleningford on the opposite side of the Ure, they play league matches in the Nidderdale and District League and Wensleydale Evening League as well as local knockout cup competitions. There is an annual one-day Cricket Twenty20 knockout competition between West Tanfield, Kirkby Malzeard and two other local teams.[23]
Religion
St Nicholas Church, West Tanfield
The church in the village is dedicated to St. Nicholas and is situated on Main Street. It is a Grade II Listed building erected in the 13th century and has undergone renovation in the 15th century and in 1860.[5][6][24]John Marmion, 4th Baron Marmion of Winteringham is buried in this church. There also is a Methodist Chapel, built in 1798, located next to the old railway station and buildings on Mowbray Terrace and is a Grade II Listed building.[5][6][25]
^ abcdeBulmer's Topography, History and Directory (Private and Commercial) of North Yorkshire 1890. S&N Publishing. 1890. pp. 808–810. ISBN1-86150-299-0.
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