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((Short description|Commission on the Holocaust in Romania))
((more citations needed|date=November 2019))
The '''Wiesel Commission''' was the International Commission on the [[Holocaust]] in [[Romania]] which was established by former President [[Ion Iliescu]] in October 2003 to research and create a report on the actual history of the Holocaust in Romania and make specific recommendations for educating the public on the issue. The Commission, which was led by [[Nobel Peace Prize]] laureate [[Elie Wiesel]] as well as [[Jean Ancel]], released its report in late 2004. The Romanian government recognized the report's findings and acknowledged the deliberate participation in the Holocaust by the [[Romania during World War II|World War II]] Romanian regime led by [[Ion Antonescu]]. The report assessed that between 280,000 and 380,000 Jews were murdered or died under the supervision and as a result of the deliberate policies of Romanian civilian and military authorities. Over 11,000 [[Romani people|Romani]] were also killed. The Wiesel Commission report also documented pervasive [[antisemitism]] and violence against Jews in Romania before World War II, when [[History of the Jews in Romania|Romania's Jewish population]] was among the largest in Europe.

The report was heralded as a landmark development because the true history of the Holocaust in Romania had been suppressed during the communist period, and few Romanians were aware of the extent of involvement in the Holocaust by Antonescu and many others in the military, government, and broader society. Indeed, the Wiesel Commission itself was established following statements made in July 2003 by Romanian President Iliescu and the Romanian Minister of Culture minimizing the Holocaust and indicating official belief that the Holocaust had not occurred in Romania. Iliescu established the Wiesel Commission after an international outcry over these erroneous assertions.<ref name=bbc-news>((cite news|title=Romania holds first Holocaust Day|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3736864.stm|access-date=24 September 2013|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|date=12 October 2004))</ref>

In 2004, Romania observed its first [[National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust|National Holocaust Commemoration Day]], established by the Parliament to take place on or around October 9 of each year. The date specifically marks the 1941 deportation of Romanian Jews to ghettos and forced labor camps, although they were not sent to Germany as requested by Hitler. The establishment of the commemoration day was among the recommendations made in the Wiesel Commission report. Other recommendations included the establishment of an [[Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania|Institute for the Study of the Holocaust in Romania]] (subsequently established in 2005), explicit inclusion of the history of the Holocaust in Romania in public school curricula, and the construction of a national monument to the Romanian victims of the Holocaust. All of these are currently being implemented by the Romanian government. As of 2006, Holocaust studies have been implemented into Year 10 high school curricula, and the designs for a National Memorial for Romanian Victims of the Holocaust have been finalised. On October 9, 2006 (the National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust in Romania), the keystone for the memorial was laid by Romanian President [[Traian Băsescu]].

==See also==
*[[History of the Jews in Romania]]
*[[Romania in World War II]]
*[[Iași pogrom]]
*[[Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom|Bucharest pogrom]]

==References==
((Reflist))

== External links ==
* The Final Report of the Commission is available in several places (in digital format):
** ((cite web
  | author = International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
  | title = Final Report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
  | publisher = [[Polirom]]
  | url = http://www.inshr-ew.ro/ro/files/Raport%20Final/Final_Report.pdf
  | access-date = 2014-09-12 ))
** ((cite web
  | author = International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
  | title = Final Report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
  | publisher = [[Yad Vashem]] (The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority)
  | url = https://www.yadvashem.org/docs/international-commission-on-romania-holocaust.html
  | access-date = 2006-07-25 ))
** ((cite web
  | author = International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania. Also includes a related October 12, 2004 speech by [[Ion Iliescu]] and a message from Elie Wiesel | title = Final Report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania
  | publisher = [[United States Holocaust Memorial Museum]]
  | language = en, ro
  | url = https://www.ushmm.org/m/pdfs/20080226-romania-commission-holocaust-history.pdf
  | access-date = 2006-07-26 )) [http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/presentations/features/details/2005-03-10/pdf/english/executive_summary.pdf Executive Summary].
** [http://www.inshr-ew.ro/ "Elie Wiesel" National Institute for the Study of Holocaust in Romania]

((Authority control))

[[Category:Holocaust studies]]
[[Category:Jewish Romanian history]]
[[Category:The Holocaust in Romania]]
[[Category:Historiography of Romania]]
[[Category:Holocaust-related organizations]]

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