![]() | This is an essay on the Wikipedia:Consensus policy. It contains the advice or opinions of one or more Wikipedia contributors. This page is not an encyclopedia article, nor is it one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines, as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. Some essays represent widespread norms; others only represent minority viewpoints. |
![]() | This page in a nutshell: There is no consensus as to exactly how to determine the level of consensus for anything on Wikipedia. Approach each case on it's merits and apply common sense. |
Consensus is the key mechanism for determining what content ends up in the encyclopedia, and how editors behave towards each other. It is a long held principle, both in policy and in practice, that a consensus formed by a smaller group on a topic has less weight than one formed by a larger one. These are commonly referred to as a local consensus or a global consensus but these are more relative terms than they might appear. This essay describes how the level of consensus on a topic can be assessed.
Many dispute resolution (and enforcement / disciplinary) mechanisms will consider whether someone is acting against a consensus held among other editors. With the exception of a few legally derived or WMF-mandated standards, the way an editor acts or the content they publish in whichever space they are working in, is judged against "this what everyone else has agreed we should do in these situations".
Due to the fact that the community has consisted of millions of usually anonymous people over many years, most of whom have never commented anywhere outside of article space, it is impossible to ever accurately state what "the community" thinks about any given topic at any given time. There are some clues though: informal agreements on talkpages and elsewhere, Requests For Comment, topic-oriented noticeboards, and dedicated policy and related discussion pages.
It is considered disruptive to knowingly act against a previously held consensus, but how to manage situations where consensus may have changed, or different groups have different opinions on whether a wide consensus even exists? The views of one subset of the community's views are no more or less valid than another, and anyone can ignore the rules at any given point if required, but the one of the ways the community (or at least the part of the community that wishes to get involved) judges whether or not a new consensus is emerging is to contrast the level of new consensus against the old. This approach helps to prevent old and possibly contentious issues being constantly re-litigated, but is not without it's own challenges.
CONLEVEL states "Consensus among a limited group of editors, at one place and time, cannot override community consensus on a wider scale."
Exactly what "limited group", "one place and time", "community consensus" and "wide scale" mean is open for interpretation. At least in the context of this essay, it's important to establish some terminology.
Topic The subject under discussion. This could be article content, or the application of policy.
Discussion The interactions between at least two editors concerning the subject.
Consensus The outcome or agreement arising from the discussion regarding the topic.
Local / Global Relative terms that indicate whether the outcome is more or less limited in application than a different discussion on the topic.
Widely / Narrowly Advertised Indicates the volume of editors who can reasonably be expected to be aware of a discussion and any subsequent consensus formed.
Correctly / Incorrectly Advertised The degree to which interested editors who might expect to be informed and who will be impacted by the outcome can reasonably be expected to be aware of the discussion.
Policy text represents the highest level of community consensus on a topic. This is often true. One of the reasons we have policies, and the expectation that they are followed in the absence of a compelling reason, is that they document established consensus so that it can be referred to. It is important to note that the policy text only represents the consensus that led to it being added. Policy pages are often watchlisted by editors, which means that unrepresentative or malicious changes tend to be reverted, and even minor alterations are often analysed in great detail on their talk pages. Not every change is subject to a formal or advertised discussion, and so in contrast to the number of editors in the community, only a relatively proportion of them may even be aware of the change. Also, by it’s nature, policy text reflects the thinking of editors at the time was written; it seldom leads the way, and it can become outdated as editing practices changed.
Guidelines represent the highest level of community consensus on a topic. This is often true. Guidelines usually give more detailed guidance on how policies should be applied, or as in the case of the MOS, provide community with best practices that should generally applied during editing. However, the caveats mentioned with respect to policies also apply to guidelines. The page watchers may be fewer, especially for the more specialized or older pages, so there is less community oversight of changes.
If a discussion is at the wrong venue, then any resulting consensus is more local than that from a discussion at the correct venue. This can be true. Certainly being at the wrong venue may negatively impact how widely (how many people have the page watchlisted?) and correctly (are the people who can meaningfully contribute to a discussion on the topic aware?) the discussion is advertised. But these issues can be mitigated to an extent with sensible notifications, and discussions at talk pages have attracted hundreds of contributors on occasion.
If a discussion is not a properly formatted RfC, then any resulting consensus is more local than from a discussion that is. This can be true. An RfC generates automatic notifications (for those who have signed up for them) and is theoretically visible to the whole project via central listings. Also, the discussion format helps to structure and regulate the discussion in way that leads to clearer outcomes and (sometimes) a formal closure by someone uninvolved. There are no guarantees though that the “right” people see the notifications at the right time, or indeed attend.
A discussion with a high number of attendees means the consensus formed is global. This is often true. In the situation where 100% of active editors discussed something, the outcome would be a truly global consensus. However, even the most well-attended discussions generally only attract a fraction of the community, and below a certain level this ceases to be meaningful. Does a discussion that involves 4 editors have a higher consensus level than one involving 3? Exactly where the line lies is an open question.
The outcome from an discussion should be applied in other similar situations. This can be true. If there is consensus to include something in policy, then it should generally be applied during editing. If there was another form of discussion on a topic, it should also be applied for the topic in question. However, reasonable minds may differ on exactly whether the level consensus reached in a particular discussion means that this should ever apply to anything else in the future. A discussion outcome is not always a mandate to treat everything that is similar but not identical in the same way, although it can be a useful guide.
It means that there is no simple formula for determining the level of consensus within the Wikipedia community, and this should always be borne in mind when discussing with others. There are some commonly accepted elements that can be considered as increasing the level of consensus associated with a discussion outcome, but there no consensus on how to weigh them in proportion each other.
All of these elements should be considered together when trying to determine the level of community consensus there is on something. So what recommendations are there in terms of how to frame or assess arguments in relation to consensus level?