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This naming convention is still being discussed and is therefore not yet fixed.
Convention: In general, there are no special naming conventions for countries. This page merely clarifies the application of existing conventions to countries.
The most common English term is preferred
In some cases (such as historical states whose name would otherwise conflict with an existing one) the most common English term may be avoided, in which case usage should be noted within the article.
Note that it does not affect Wikipedia interpretation of English common usage that
The details of what to do in various cases are still being worked out at Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (country names). See also List of sovereign states for a list of current states' names in English and original.