- E, Weinan (China, born 1963)
- Eagle, Albert (England, ?–1958)
- Earnshaw, Samuel (England, 1805–1888)
- Easley, Annie (USA, 1933–2011)
- Eason, George (Britain, 1930–1999)
- Eastaway, Rob (UK, ?–?)
- Easton, Brian (New Zealand, born 1943)
- Easton, William Bigelow (USA, ?–?)
- Eastwood, Michael (Australia, ?–?)
- Eaton, Carrie Diaz (USA, ?–?)
- Ebbinghaus, Heinz-Dieter (Germany, born 1939)
- Eberhard, Victor (Germany, 1861–1927)
- Eberlein, William Frederick (USA, 1917–1986)
- Eberlen, Abraham (?, ?–?)
- Ebert, Johann Jakob (Germany, 1737–1805)
- Eccles, Peter (mathematician) (?, born 1945)
- Echegaray, José (Spain, 1832–1916)
- Eckhaus, Wiktor (Netherlands, 1930–2000)
- Eckler Jr., A. Ross (USA, 1927–2016)
- Eckler, A. Ross (USA, 1901–1991)
- Eckmann, Beno (Switzerland, 1917–2008)
- Eckmann, Jean-Pierre (?, born 1944)
- Eda, Katsuya (Japan, ?–?)
- Eddy, Bill (USA, ?–?)
- Eden, Alp (Turkey, born 1958)
- Edge, William (Britain, 1904–1997)
- Edgeworth, Francis Ysidro (Britain, 1845–1926)
- Edmonds, Jack (Canada, born 1934)
- Edmonds, Jeff (Canada, ?–?)
- Edmondson, Thomas William (USA, 1869–1938)
- Edmunds, David (Britain, ?–?)
- Edwards, A. W. F. (Britain, born 1935)
- Edwards, Harold (USA, 1936–2020)
- Edwards, Josephine D. (Australia, 1942–1985)
- Edwards, Mary (Britain, ?–?)
- Edwards, Robert Edmund (Australia, 1926–2000)
- van Eeden, Constance (Netherlands/Canada, 1927–2021)
- Eells, James (USA, 1926–2007)
- Efendi, Gelenbevi Ismail (?, ?–?)
- Efendiev, Messoud (Azerbaijan, born 1953)
- Effros, Edward George (USA, 1935–2019)
- Efimov, Nikolai (Russia, 1910–1982)
- Efron, Bradley (USA, born 1938)
- Ege, Hettie Belle (USA, 1861–1942)
- Egerváry, Jenő (Hungary, 1891–1958)
- Eglash, Ron (USA, born 1958)
- Egorov, Dmitri (Russia, 1869–1931)
- Egorov, Yurii Vladimirovich (Russia/Soviet Union, 1938–2018)
- Ehler, Carl Gottlieb (Germany, 1685–1753)
- Ehrenfest, Paul (?, 1880–1933)
- Ehrenfest, Tatyana Pavlovna (Netherlands, 1905–1984)
- Ehrenfeucht, Andrzej (USA, born 1932)
- Ehrenpreis, Leon (USA, 1930–2010)
- Ehresmann, Andrée (?, born 1935)
- Ehresmann, Charles (France, 1905–1979)
- Ehrhart, Eugène (France, 1906–2000)
- Ehrlich, Gertrude (Austria, born 1923)
- Eibe, Thyra (Denmark, 1866–1955)
- Eichenbaum, Jacob (Russia, 1796–1861)
- Eichler, Martin (Germany, 1912–1992)
- Eichstadt, Lorentz (Germany, 1596–1660)
- Eicker, Friedhelm (Germany, 1927–2022)
- Eilenberg, Samuel (Poland, 1913–1998)
- Eimmart, Georg Christoph (Germany, 1638–1705)
- Ein, Lawrence (?, born 1955)
- Einsiedler, Manfred (Austria, born 1973)
- Eisele, Carolyn (USA, 1902–2000)
- Eisenbaum, Nathalie (France, ?–?)
- Eisenbrand, Friedrich (Germany, born 1971)
- Eisenbud, David (USA, born 1947)
- Eisenhart, Churchill (USA, 1913–1994)
- Eisenhart, Luther P. (USA, 1876–1965)
- Eisenstein, Gotthold (Germany, 1823–1852)
- Eisenträger, Kirsten (Germany, ?–?)
- Eisner, Tanja (Germany/Ukraine, born 1980)
- Ekeland, Ivar (Canada, born 1944)
- Eklund, Hjalmar Magnus (Finland, 1880–1937)
- the Elder, Aristaeus (Ancient Greece, ?–?)
- the elder, John Kersey (England, 1616–1690)
- the elder, Thomas Malton (England, 1726–1801)
- Elderton, Ethel M. (England, 1878–1954)
- Elekes, György (Hungary, 1949–2008)
- Elfving, Gustav (Finland, 1908–1984)
- Eli, Isaac ben Moses (?, ?–?)
- Eliashberg, Yakov (Russia, born 1946)
- Eliasson, Håkan (Sweden, born 1952)
- Eliezer, C. J. (Sri Lanka, 1918–2001)
- Eliezer, Christie Jayaratnam (?, 1918–2001)
- Elkies, Noam (USA, born 1966)
- Ellenberg, Jordan (USA, born 1971)
- Ellerton, Nerida (Australia, ?–?)
- Ellingham, Mark (Canada, ?–?)
- Ellingsrud, Geir (Norway, born 1948)
- Elliott, Edwin Bailey (England, 1851–1937)
- Elliott, George A. (Canada, born 1945)
- Elliott, Peter D. T. A. (USA, born 1941)
- Elliott, Robert J. (Britain, born 1940)
- Ellis-Monaghan, Jo (?, ?–?)
- Ellis, Amy (?, ?–?)
- Ellis, Charles Alton (?, 1876–1949)
- Ellis, George F. R. (South Africa, born 1939)
- Ellis, James H. (Britain, 1924–1997)
- Ellis, Robert Leslie (England, 1817–1859)
- Ellison, William J. (Britain, born 1943)
- Elman, Richard (USA, ?–?)
- Elte, Emanuel Lodewijk (Netherlands, 1881–1943)
- Elworthy, K. David (England, ?–?)
- Embree, Mark (USA, born 1974)
- Emch, Arnold (?, 1871–1959)
- Emeagwali, Philip (Nigeria, born 1954)
- Emelianenko, Maria (Russia, ?–?)
- Emerson, William (Britain, 1701–1782)
- Emerton, Matthew (Australia, born 1971)
- Emilian, Ștefan (Romania, 1819–1899)
- Emmanuel, David (Romania, 1854–1941)
- Endersch, Johann Friedrich (Germany, 1705–1769)
- Enderton, Herbert (USA, 1936–2010)
- Eneev, Timur (Russia, 1924–2019)
- Eneström, Gustaf (Sweden, 1852–1923)
- Enflo, Per (Sweden, born 1944)
- Engel, Arthur (Germany, 1928–2022)
- Engel, Ernst (Germany, 1821–1896)
- Engel, Friedrich (Germany, 1861–1941)
- Engel, Joachim (Germany, born 1954)
- Engeler, Erwin (Switzerland, born 1930)
- Engelking, Ryszard (Poland, born 1935)
- Engeln-Müllges, Gisela (Germany, born 1940)
- Engl, Heinz (Austria, born 1953)
- England, Philip (England, born 1951)
- Engquist, Björn (Sweden, born 1945)
- Engset, Tore Olaus (Norway, 1865–1943)
- Engstrom, Howard (USA, ?–1962)
- Enneper, Alfred (Germany, 1830–1885)
- Enright, Thomas Jones (?, ?–?)
- Enriques, Federigo (Italy, 1871–1946)
- Enskog, David (Sweden, 1884–1947)
- Enting, Ian G. (Australia, born 1948)
- Entov, Vladimir Markovich (Russia, 1937–2008)
- Epp, Susanna S. (USA, ?–?)
- Epple, Moritz (?, born 1960)
- Eppstein, David (USA, born 1963)
- Epstein, Charles (USA, ?–?)
- Epstein, David B. A. (Britain, born 1937)
- Epstein, Paul (Germany, 1871–1939)
- Epstein, Paul Sophus (Russia, 1883–1966)
- Epstein, Richard Arnold (?, born 1927–2016)
- Eratosthenes (Ancient Greece, 276 BC–190s BC)
- Erdélyi, Arthur (Britain, 1908–1977)
- Erdélyi, Tamás (Hungary, ?–?)
- Erdmann, Karin (Germany, born 1948)
- Erdoğan, Mehmet Burak (Turkey, born 1972)
- Erdős, Paul (Hungary, 1913–1996)
- Eremenko, Alexandre (Ukraine, born 1954)
- Ergun, Sabri (?, 1918–2006)
- Ericksen, Jerald (USA, 1924–2021)
- Erim, Kerim (Turkey, 1894–1952)
- Erlander, Sven (Sweden, 1934–2021)
- Erlang, Agner Krarup (Denmark, 1878–1929)
- Ermentrout, George Bard (USA, ?–?)
- Ernest, Paul (England, born 1944)
- Ernst, Frederick J. (USA, born 1934)
- van Erp, Pepijn (Netherlands, born 1972)
- Errera, Alfred (Belgium, 1886–1960)
- Erritt, John (Britain, 1931–2002)
- Erschler, Anna (?, born 1977)
- Ersoy, Okan (Turkey, born 1945)
- Escalera, Isabel Hubard (Mexico, ?–?)
- von Escherich, Gustav (Austria, 1849–1935)
- Eschinardi, Francesco (Italy, ?–?)
- Esclangon, Ernest (France, 1876–1954)
- Escobar, José F. (Colombia, 1954–2004)
- Escobar, Ticio (?, born 1947)
- Esenin-Volpin, Alexander (USA/Russia/Soviet Union, 1924–2016)
- Eskin, Alex (USA, born 1965)
- Eskin, Gregory (Soviet Union/Israel, born 1936)
- Esnault, Hélène (France, born 1953)
- Esseen, Carl-Gustav (Sweden, 1918–2001)
- Esson, William (Scotland, 1838–1916)
- Esteban, María J. (France, born 1956)
- Estermann, Theodor (?, 1902–1991)
- Estévez, Peregrina Quintela (Spain, born 1960)
- Etheridge, Alison (England, born 1964)
- Etherington, Ivor Malcolm Haddon (Britain, 1908–1994)
- Etingof, Pavel (Soviet Union, born 1969)
- von Ettingshausen, Andreas (Austria/Germany, 1796–1878)
- Eubanks-Turner, Christina (USA, born 1981)
- Euclid (Ancient Greece, 300–265 BC)
- Eudemus of Rhodes (Ancient Greece, 370s BC–300s BC)
- Eudoxus of Cnidus (Ancient Greece, 410 BC–355 BC)
- Eugenius I of Toledo (?, ?–647)
- Euler, Johann (Switzerland/Russia, 1734–1800)
- Euler, Leonhard (Switzerland, 1707–1783)
- Eusebius of Emesa (Christian, 300–360)
- Eutocius of Ascalon (Ancient Greece, 480–540)
- Euwe, Max (Netherlands, 1901–1981)
- Evans, David (Australia, ?–?)
- Evans, David E. (Britain, ?–?)
- Evans, Evan William (Wales/USA, 1827–1874)
- Evans, Griffith C. (USA, 1887–1973)
- Evans, John Cayo (Wales, 1879–1958)
- Evans, Lawrence C. (USA, born 1949)
- Evans, Lewis (Wales, 1755–1827)
- Evans, Steven Neil (Australia/USA, born 1960)
- Evans, Thomas Simpson (England, 1777–1818)
- Evdokimov, Sergei (Russia, 1950–2016)
- Even, Shimon (?, 1935–2004)
- Everest, Graham (Britain, 1957–2010)
- Eves, Howard (USA, 1911–2004)
- Ewens, Warren (Australia, born 1937)
- Exiguus, Dionysius (?, 470s–540s)
- Exley, Thomas (England, 1775–1855)
- Exton, Harold (England, ?–?)
- Ezeilo, James O. C. (Nigeria, 1930–2013)
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