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((more citations needed|date=November 2016))

((Infobox person
| name = Wil Lou Gray
| image = File:Wil_Lou_Gray.jpg
| birth_date = August 29, 1883
| birth_place = [[Laurens, South Carolina]]
| death_date = March 10, 1984
| death_place = [[Columbia, South Carolina]]
| education = Laurens High School; [[Columbia College (South Carolina)|Columbia College]]; [[Columbia University]]
| occupation = Educator
))'''Wil Lou Gray''' (August 29, 1883 – March 10, 1984) was an influential educator for both children and adults, with her primary focus being on adult literacy.

== Early life and education ==
Wil Lou Gray was born on August 29, 1883, in [[Laurens, South Carolina]]. She was the middle child and only daughter of William Lafayette Gray and Sarah Louise Dial. Her father, William Lafayette Gray, was a lawyer, merchant-farmer, and state representative from Laurens County. Her mother, Sarah Louise Dial, was the sister of U.S. Senator [[Nathaniel B. Dial]]. The Grays were members of South Carolina's [[affluence|affluent class]], devout [[Methodist]]s, [[conservative Democrat]]s, and contributors to the industrial development of their town.<ref name=":0">((Cite web|url=http://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/gray-wil-lou/|title=Gray, Wil Lou|website=South Carolina Encyclopedia|access-date=2019-01-26))</ref>

At age nine, Gray lost her mother to tuberculosis. She graduated from Laurens High School in 1899. Will Lou Gray continued her education at [[Columbia College (South Carolina)|Columbia College]], graduating in 1903. She accepted a teaching position in a one-room, rural schoolhouse in Greenwood County.<ref name=":0" /> Teaching opened her eyes to poverty and inspired her to pursue graduate work at [[Vanderbilt University]] in 1905 and also [[Columbia University]] in 1910. While at Columbia University, Gray developed a progressive educational philosophy while studying under [[William Archibald Dunning]] and [[James Harvey Robinson]]. In 1911, she received her master's degree in political science.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Gray's career began in 1903 in [[Greenwood, South Carolina]], where she taught at the Jones School. The Greenwood community did not see education as a priority, so Gray transferred to a teaching position in English at the [[Martha Washington College]] in 1907 and 1908. She then returned to her hometown, where she became the principal of the Youngs School. It was here she observed the issue of [[illiteracy|adult illiteracy]] and developed her passion for increasing education among adults. She was elected the supervisor of rural schools in [[Laurens County, South Carolina|Laurens County]] and in 1914, opened the first night school for adult education.

On a trip to [[Switzerland]] in 1913, she witnessed a teacher on a [[field trip]] with more than one hundred  boys, an experience that influenced her belief in the importance of field trips for both students and teachers. She would later travel with her students and colleagues to various cities, such as [[Columbia, South Carolina|Columbia]], [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[New York City]], and [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name=smith>((Cite journal|last=Smith|first=George|date=August 18, 2000|title=The Opportunity Schools and The Founder Will Lou Gray|url=http://dc.statelibrary.sc.gov/bitstream/handle/10827/5777/WLG_The_Opportunity_Schools_2000-8.pdf?sequence=1|journal=SC State Library))</ref>

In 1921, Gray founded the Wil Lou Gray Opportunity School,<ref name=smith />  which has since become an agency of the state of South Carolina.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.willougray.org/phone/about-wil-lou-gray.html|title=About Wil Lou Gray|website=www.willougray.org|access-date=2016-10-04))</ref>

== Awards ==
In 1937 she won the [[Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award|Algernon-Sidney Sullivan Award]] by the University of South Carolina for her service to mankind. She received a Service to the Black Race award from [[South Carolina State University]]. She received honorary doctorates from [[Wofford College]], Columbia College, [[Clemson University]], and [[Winthrop University]]. In 1950 the State American Legion granted her a plaque for distinguished public service. In 1974 she was inducted into the South Carolina Hall of Fame, and the Columbia Rotary Club honored her with the Paul Harris Fellowship Award. She was the only female nominee among thirty-four nominations for the South Carolina Man of the Half Century Award.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0nJdCwAAQBAJ&q=%22man+of+the%22&pg=PT23 |title=Wil Lou Gray: The Making of a Southern Progressive from New South to New Deal |last=Ogden |first=Mary Macdonald |date=2015 |publisher=University of South Carolina Press |isbn=9781611175691))</ref>

== References ==
((Reflist))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Gray, Wil Lou))
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:American centenarians]]
[[Category:People from Laurens, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Educators from South Carolina]]
[[Category:20th-century American educators]]
[[Category:20th-century American women educators]]
[[Category:Columbia College (South Carolina) alumni]]
[[Category:Vanderbilt University alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Women centenarians]]

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