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((Short description|American politician (1914–1984)))
((Multiple issues|
((More citations needed|date=August 2008))
((More footnotes needed|date=January 2011))
))
((Infobox officeholder
| name                = Bill Egan
| image               = William A. Egan.jpg
| caption             = Egan in 1973
| order               = 1st [[List of governors of Alaska|Governor of Alaska]]
| lieutenant          = [[H. A. Boucher]]
| term_start          = December 7, 1970
| term_end            = December 2, 1974
| predecessor         = [[Keith Harvey Miller|Keith Miller]]
| successor           = [[Jay Hammond]]
| lieutenant1         = [[Hugh Wade]]
| term_start1         = January 3, 1959
| term_end1           = December 5, 1966
| predecessor1        = [[Waino Hendrickson]] (as Territorial Governor)
| successor1          = [[Wally Hickel]]
| office2             = [[Shadow congressperson|United States Shadow Senator]]<br />from the [[Alaska Territory]]
| term_start2         = October 6, 1956
| term_end2           = January 3, 1959
| predecessor2        = Seat established
| successor2          = [[Bob Bartlett]] ([[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]])
| birth_name          = William Allen Egan
| birth_date          = ((birth date|1914|10|8))
| birth_place         = [[Valdez, Alaska|Valdez]], [[Territory of Alaska]], U.S.
| death_date          = ((death date and age|1984|5|6|1914|10|8))
| death_place         = [[Anchorage, Alaska]], U.S.
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse              = [[Neva Egan|Neva McKittrick]] (1940–1984)
| children            = 2, including [[Dennis Egan|Dennis]]
| signature           = William Allen Egan signature.JPG
| allegiance          = ((flag|United States))
| branch              = ((army|United States))
| battles             = [[World War II]]
))
'''William Allen Egan''' (October 8, 1914 – May 6, 1984) was an American [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] [[politician]]. He served as the first [[Governor of Alaska|governor]] of the State of [[Alaska]] from January 3, 1959, to 1966 and 1970 to 1974, as well as a [[Shadow congressperson|shadow U.S. Senator]] from [[Alaska Territory]] from 1956 to 1959. Born in [[Valdez, Alaska]], Egan is one of only two governors in the state's history (along with [[Bill Walker (American politician)|Bill Walker]]) to have been born in Alaska. He was the Democratic nominee in the first five gubernatorial elections ([[1958 Alaska gubernatorial election|1958]], [[1962 Alaska gubernatorial election|1962]], [[1966 Alaska gubernatorial election|1966]], [[1970 Alaska gubernatorial election|1970]], and [[1974 Alaska gubernatorial election|1974]]).

==Early childhood and adulthood==
The child of a [[working-class]] [[mining]] family of six children in Valdez, Egan was raised by his mother, Cora (Allen), following his father William's death in an avalanche in 1920.<ref>((cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dmi1DAAAQBAJ&dq=Cora+Allen+William+Egan&pg=PT12 | title=Aunt Phil's Trunk: Bringing Alaska's history alive! | isbn=9781940479026 | last1=Laurel | first1=Bill | date=9 July 2016 | publisher=Publication Consultants ))</ref> By age 10, Egan was working in a local cannery, helping to support his struggling family. Thanks to the lack of driving laws in the [[Alaska Territory]] during the 1920s, Egan learned to drive at an early age, shuttling tourists around during summer months. By the age of 14, Egan was driving dump trucks for the [[Alaska Road Commission]]. Following his graduation as a [[valedictorian]] from Valdez High School in 1932, he began an interest in politics.((Citation needed|date=January 2011))

Egan's godfather, [[Anthony Dimond]], a local Valdez lawyer, two-time mayor and member of the [[Alaska Senate]], ran as a [[United States Democratic Party|Democrat]] for the territory's nonvoting delegate to the [[U.S. House of Representatives]] the same year. Despite the position's inability to vote due to [[Shadow congressperson|Tennessee Plan]], a nonvoting delegate could address other House members and lobby for both bills and statehood. Dimond won the race, introducing the young Egan, who viewed Dimond as his mentor, to territorial and federal politics. Dimond would send copies of the ''[[Congressional Record]]'' back to Egan in Valdez for him to read. ((Citation needed|date=January 2011))

==Political career==

Following on his godfather's footsteps, Egan ran successfully as the Democratic candidate from Valdez in the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives in 1940, a post he would hold until 1945. He won three more terms to the House from 1947 to 1953. On November 16, 1940,<ref name="Who's Who">((Cite book|last1=Atwood|first1=Evangeline|last2=DeArmond|first2=Robert N.|title=Who's Who in Alaskan Politics|year=1977|publisher=[[Binford & Mort]] for the Alaska Historical Commission|location=[[Portland, Oregon]]|page=26))</ref> Egan married [[Desdia Neva McKittrick]] (October 3, 1914 – January 19, 2011), a recent arrival to Valdez from [[Kansas]]. They had one child, a son, [[Dennis Egan|Dennis]]. During [[World War II]], where Alaska's own [[Aleutian Islands]] saw bloody combat between American and [[Empire of Japan|Imperial Japanese]] forces, Egan continued his political career. While still serving in the House of Representatives, Egan was elected as Mayor of Valdez in 1946. In 1953, Egan was elected to the Alaska Territorial Senate, and, in 1956, he was elected Territorial Shadow Senator, serving alongside [[Ernest Gruening]].

===Alaska's Constitutional Convention===
Following the end of the war, the Territory of Alaska's political and geographical isolation was coming to an end. The construction of the [[Alaska Highway]] now linked the territory to the [[Lower 48]] states and [[Canada]], plus an increased military presence due to the Cold War with the neighboring [[Soviet Union]] had also brought the territory closer to the rest of [[North America]].

In 1955, the [[Alaska Legislature]] ordered the creation of a constitutional convention to seek a state constitution suitable for Congressional approval. The convention met at the [[University of Alaska Fairbanks]] campus in November. Territorial Senator Egan was chosen to lead the body in drafting a new state document. Following the end of the convention a year later, the [[Alaska Constitution]] was sent to Alaskans as part of a referendum in 1958, passing easily. The statehood issue was turned over to the U.S. Congress later that year, passing by only one vote. President [[Dwight Eisenhower]] signed the resulting [[Alaska Statehood Act]] into law. Alaska was to become the 49th state.

===Governorship===
Alaska was scheduled to become a U.S. state on January 3, 1959. Egan decided to run to become Alaska's first state governor. He won the race, becoming governor upon the state's admission. During his first governorship, Egan supervised the transition of Alaska's territorial bureaucracy into a state government. Egan also encouraged investment in the newest U.S. state, noting its slowly growing oil and tourist industries. During the 1964 [[Good Friday earthquake]], which remains one of the strongest earthquakes of the modern era, Egan supervised and directed the state's response to the disaster.

Defeated for re-election in 1966, Egan was elected again in 1970, serving a third term until his final defeat in 1974. The discovery of oil at [[Prudhoe Bay, Alaska|Prudhoe Bay]] in 1968 and the [[1973 oil crisis|1973 Oil Crisis]] in response to the [[Yom Kippur War]] played a large role in Egan's last term, as demand for oil increasingly played a role in the state's politics. In late 1973, President [[Richard Nixon]] signed the [[Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act]], an act to reduce American dependence on OPEC oil. Many environmentalist politicians in the state bitterly opposed this federal legislation. Egan was defeated for re-election in 1974 by [[Jay Hammond]], in [[1974 United States gubernatorial elections|one of 4 Republican gubernatorial flips that year]].

==Later life==
Following Egan's departure from the governorship in 1974, Egan retired from public and political life. He died 10 years following leaving office on May 6, 1984, at the age of 69 from [[lung cancer]].<ref>The Associated Press. "State tributes mount for Bill Egan, 69", Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. May 7, 1984. Page A1.</ref> His son, [[Dennis Egan]], served as the mayor of Juneau, Alaska from 1995 to 2000, and as a state senator from 2009 to 2019.

==Legacy==
* Egan was awarded as "Alaskan of the Year" in 1971, and received an [[honorary degree|honorary]] [[Doctor of Laws]] degree the following year from the [[University of Alaska Fairbanks|University of Alaska]].<ref name="Who's Who"/>
* October 8 is now William Egan Day in Alaska.
* The [[William A. Egan Civic & Convention Center]] in [[Anchorage]] is named in his honor.
* [[Alaska Route 7|Egan Drive]] in [[Juneau]] is also named in his honor.
* Egan Drive in Valdez, Alaska
* Egan Library, [[University of Alaska Southeast]], Juneau, AK is named in his honor.<ref>((Cite web |last=pls4e |date=2018-07-13 |title=University of Alaska Southeast, Auke Lake Campus, William A. Egan Library |url=https://sah-archipedia.org/buildings/AK-01-SE030 |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=SAH ARCHIPEDIA |language=en))</ref>

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* ((Commons category-inline))
* [http://100years.akleg.gov/bio.php?id=1063 William Egan] at ''100 Years of Alaska's Legislature''

((s-start))
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((AK Democratic gubernatorial nominees))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Egan, William A.))
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:20th-century mayors of places in Alaska]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Anchorage, Alaska]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Alaska]]
[[Category:Deaths from lung cancer in the United States]]
[[Category:Delegates to Alaska's Constitutional Convention]]
[[Category:Democratic Party governors of Alaska]]
[[Category:Mayors of Valdez, Alaska]]
[[Category:Members of the Alaska Territorial Legislature]]
[[Category:Politicians from Anchorage, Alaska]]
[[Category:Politicians from Juneau, Alaska]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Alaska House of Representatives]]
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