William Henry Clinton
Born23 December 1769
Died15 February 1846 (aged 76)
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch British Army
RankGeneral
Battles/warsFrench Revolutionary
Napoleonic Wars
First Miguelist War
AwardsKnight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

General Sir William Henry Clinton GCB KCH (23 December 1769 – 15 February 1846) was a British general during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars as well as the First Miguelist War. He was also the grandson of Admiral George Clinton and elder brother of Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton.[1]

Military career

Born to General Sir Henry Clinton in 1769, Clinton entered the British Army in 1784 as a cornet in the 7th Light Dragoons. Under the Duke of York, Clinton took part in the Flanders and Low Countries campaigns as a captain in the 1st Guards in 1793, winning promotion to Lieutenant Colonel the following year. Serving as a Member of Parliament (MP) for East Retford from 1794 to 1796, he left Parliament to become aide-de-camp to the Duke.

In 1799, Clinton travelled to Italy on a diplomatic mission to Russian forces, before returning to take part in the Dutch expedition later that year. In 1801, he was promoted to the rank of colonel and participated in the capture of Madeira. He was then appointed governor of Madeira from July 1801 until March 1802, before becoming Military Secretary in 1803 and Quartermaster-General in Ireland in 1804. He returned to Parliament in 1806 as MP for Boroughbridge, a seat he held until 1818. After another diplomatic mission to Sweden in 1807, Clinton became a major-general the following year.

During 1812, Clinton served in the Mediterranean leading a division at Messina on the Italian island of Sicily, where he commanded a force of 12,000 British and Spanish troops.[2] He commanded the 1st Division of the independent Army on the Tarragona, during the Peninsular War between 1812 and 1813, Clinton won distinction during the Battle of Castalla on 13 April 1813. In June 1813, Clinton became commander-in-chief of the British Forces in eastern Spain serving until April 1814, however he would see little action for the remainder of the war. After promotion to Lieutenant General, Clinton was knighted Order of the Bath in 1815. In 1814 he was given the Colonelcy of the 55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot, a position he held until his death.[3]

Returning to his post as a member of Parliament, he would command a division consisting of around 5,000 soldiers during the First Miguelist War where he attempted to support Portuguese forces from December 1826 until April 1828. Promoted a full general, Clinton resigned from Parliament serving as governor of Chelsea Hospital from 1842 until his death on 15 February 1846 on Cockenhatch, near Royston, Herts. There is a memorial plaque to Clinton in St. Mary Magdalene Church, Barkway, Herts.[4][5]

Personal

Clinton was married to Lady Dorothea Louisa Holroyd[6] and had two sons who both served in the British Army.

References

  1. ^ "Sir Henry Clinton | British military officer | Britannica". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  2. ^ A New Biographical Dictionary, of 3000 Contemporary Public Characters, British and Foreign, of All Ranks and Professions. G. B. Whittaker. 1825. p. 369.
  3. ^ "55th Regiment of Foot-Colonels". Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  4. ^ Bromley, Janet; Bromley, David (2015). Wellington's Men Remembered Volume 1: A Register of Memorials to Soldiers who Fought in the Peninsular War and at Waterloo- Volume I: A to L. Pen and Sword. p. 197. ISBN 978-1-4738-5768-1.
  5. ^ "Sir Henry Clinton | British military officer | Britannica". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  6. ^ Stern, Marvin (2004). "Stanley [née Holroyd], Lady Maria Josepha (1771–1863), letter writer and liberal advocate". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74489. Retrieved 4 January 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Attribution

External links

Parliament of Great Britain Preceded bySir John IngilbyThe Earl of Lincoln Member of Parliament for East Retford 1794–1796 With: Sir John Ingilby Succeeded byWilliam PetrieSir Wharton Amcotts Parliament of the United Kingdom Preceded byEdward PortmanViscount Castlereagh Member of Parliament for Boroughbridge 1806–1818 With: Henry Dawkins to 1808Henry Clinton from 1808 Succeeded byMarmaduke LawsonGeorge Mundy Preceded byHenry WilloughbyGeorge Hay Dawkins-Pennant Member of Parliament for Newark 1818–1829 With: Henry Willoughby Succeeded byHenry WilloughbyMichael Thomas Sadler Military offices Preceded byRobert Brownrigg Military Secretary 1803–1804 Succeeded byJames Willoughby Gordon Preceded bySir Colin Campbell Colonel of the 55th (Westmorland) Regiment of Foot 1814–1846 Succeeded byThe Lord Saltoun Preceded bySir George Murray Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance 1825–1829 Succeeded byLord Edward Somerset
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