William Robert Colton
Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial
Born(1867-12-25)25 December 1867
Paris, France
Died13 November 1921(1921-11-13) (aged 53)
Kensington, England
NationalityFrench
EducationLambeth School of Art
Royal Academy Schools
Known forSculpture

William Robert Colton RA (25 December 1867 – 13 November 1921) was a British sculptor. After completing his studies in London and Paris, Colton established himself with solid, career-long business relationships, secured admission to exhibitions at the Royal Academy and the Salon in Paris. His works included commissions for busts, statues and war memorials. His clientele included royalty in England and India.

During his career, Colton was a professor at the Royal Academy, president of the Royal British Society of Sculptors and full member at the Royal Academy.

Early life

Colton was born in Paris on 25 December 1867.[1] His father was an architect. In 1870 Colton left Paris for London.[2] He studied at the Lambeth School of Art in England[3] under William Silver Frith[4] before enrolling as a student in the Royal Academy in 1889. At the Royal Academy, he was taught by Henry Hugh Armstead and Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm.[2][3] He also studied in Paris.[1][2]

Career

Commissions

Within two years of his 20th birthday, Colton was exhibiting at both the Paris Salon and the Royal Academy.[1][2] Auguste Rodin and Alfred Gilbert provided inspiration for Colton's work.[1]

He received a commission from the Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV, Maharajah of Mysore and continued to receive commissions from India throughout his career.[5] Besides his engagements for work in England, Colton also received commissions for work in Australia and South Africa.[1][2] On 21 January 1903 Colton was elected as an Associate to the Royal Academy. He became a full member sixteen years later in 1919[1] on 25 April. In 1921 he became the president of the Royal British Society of Sculptors (RBS).[2]

Education

From 1907 to 1911 he was Professor of Sculpture at the Royal Academy.[2]

Works

Sculptures

This is a partial list of Colton's sculptures, busts and plaques.

Name Year Comments Exhibitions Image
The Head 1889 Completed at Colchester Square, St George's Square.[6]
The young St John 1890 Statue. Completed at St John's Wood.[6]
A crown of glory 1890 Bust. Completed at St John's Wood.[6]
Tender blossoms 1892 Head in terra cotta. Completed at St John's Wood.[6]
D. G. Pinkney, Esquire 1892 Bust in terra cotta. Completed at St John's Wood.[6]
Little Nell 1896 Fountain and Hyde Park, which "first drew notice to himself." The original has been replaced by a copy and is located in Hyde Park.[3][7][8]
The Image Finder 1897 The work was made in Eaton Studio, St John's Wood.[6]
The Girdle/La Ceinture 1898 A bronze statue of a seated woman who is dressing for the day. Her hair is disheveled as she is in the process of putting on a girdle.[9] The work was made in Eaton Studio, St John's Wood.[6] The statue was purchased by the Chantrey Fund Trustees and is in Tate Britain.[4]
The Young Diana 1902 Bust. His diploma work, which can be seen at Burlington House.[10]
Dr. Henry Wells Armstead 1902 Bust, which can be seen at Burlington House.[10]
The River Unto the Sea 1903[11]
In the Springtide of Life 1903 The work earned him election as an Associate of the Royal Academy and was also purchased for the Tate by the Chantrey Trustees. This work is now in the Harris Museum in Preston, Lancashire.[12]
HH The Maharajah of Mysore 1905 Bust Royal Academy.[13]
King Edward VII 1906 The seated figure of King Edward VII at King Edward VII School, King's Lynn.[14][15]
Sir Sheshadri Iyer, Dewan of Mysore 1907 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
George and Sir Richard Tangye 1908 Bronze plaque in Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery.[17]
Love's Bondage 1911 The work is in the Art Gallery of New South Wales.[18]
Field-Marshal Earl Roberts 1915 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir George Roos Keppel 1916 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
Memorial to Sir Richard and George Tangye 1916 The bronze relief of the work is in Birmingham City Art Gallery.[19]
Marjorie Brassey 1917 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
Diana 1917 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
Rt Hon H H Asquith 1920 Bust Royal Academy.[16]
Explorer Captain Matthew Flinders Unknown The statue stands in front of the Mitchell Library in Sydney, Australia and was unveiled in 1925.[16]
Angas Memorial Unknown The memorial is in Adelaide, Australia.[20]
The Crown of Love Unknown The work was made in Eaton Studio, St John's Wood.[6]

War Memorials

Worcester Boer War Memorial

The Worcester Boer War Memorial, located in the grounds of Worcester Cathedral, is a bronze depiction of a hatless figure who is protected by an angel. The memorial consists of a three-stepped base surmounted by a plinth, pedestal and figure of a soldier of the Worcester Regiment kneeling as he prepares to fire his last cartridge. A winged figure said to represent "Immortality" stands above him with a palm branch in one hand, and in the other hand a sheathed sword with laurel wreath on it. The memorial is dedicated to the men of Worcestershire killed in the South African War. It was unveiled on 23 September 1908 by Lt. Gen. the Hon. Sir N. G. Lyttleton. The monument was restored in 2005.[21]

Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial

The Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial is on the corner of St James's Park in The Mall in central London. The memorial was designed by Sir Aston Webb and the bronze sculpture, including Pegasus and the two relief tablets, were executed by Colton. Completed in 1909 the composition was described by Colton as "War being controlled by peace, war being represented by a war horse & peace being a winged female figure." In the same letter Colton writes that the work "has become in a sense a part of the Queen Victoria Memorial Scheme."[22] The pillars list the 1,078 men who died in the South African war of 1899-1902 and relief panels show the unit in action. The memorial was unveiled in 1920 by the Duke of Connaught, using an electronic remote control from a memorial service in St Paul's Cathedral. The memorial was erected by the officers and men of the Royal Artillery in memory of their honoured dead.[23] The pedestal is in Portland stone and the sculpture, reliefs and panels with the names of those remembered, are all in bronze.[24]

W. T. Wyllie Memorial

The W. T. Wyllie memorial in Portsmouth Cathedral is positioned on the East wall of the Quire and east of the Corporation Pew and remembers the second son of William Lionel and Marion Amy Wyllie. William Thomas Wyllie served with the 2nd Durham Light Infantry and was killed in action at Montauban on the Somme on 19 July 1916. He was acting as a Brigade Major at the time and is buried in Mametz Cemetery. He left a widow and three children. The memorial features a sculptured figure in silhouette/high relief which lies along the bottom half. This figure is the dead body of an officer lying on his back, arms by his side. His shirt sleeves are rolled up and he wears braces, trousers and boots. His head rests on a cushion surrounded by a laurel wreath. The inscription is incised in white lettering along the top half of the memorial. The bronze founders were Messrs A. B. Burton.[25][26]

Captain F C Selous DSO

The memorial tablet dedicated to Captain Frederick Selous DSO is positioned at the head of the northwest staircase in the Central Hall of the Natural History Museum, London. The figure and plaque are in bronze and the tablet is in stone. The memorial consists of a cast bronze portrait of Captain Selous in uniform and carrying a rifle. This is set into a niche in the stone tablet. Below the niche is a bronze relief of lions. The inscriptions are arranged in two side panels in raised block lettering. The sculptor's name is placed at the bottom right. The inscription on the left panel reads Caption Frederick C. Selous D.S.O. Hunter Explorer and Naturalist.. On the right panel Born 1851 Killed in action at Beho-Beho German East Africa 4 1 1917.. Selous was buried in East Africa in what is now Tanzania.[27]

Boyd and Claud Alexander

At St Dunstan's Church, Cranbrook, Kent, there is an alabaster memorial to Boyd and Claud Alexander who both died in Africa. Boyd Alexander served in the Rifle Brigade and was killed at Nyeri, Wadai, on 2 April 1910 and is remembered on the left side panel; Claud Alexander who served in the Scots Guards and died at Maifoni on 13 November 1904 is remembered on the right side panel. A representation of Africa in the form of a female figure holding arrows is positioned in the centre with busts of the two dead men on either side. The left hand panel includes representations of animals and trees and the right hand panel features a landscape scene.[28]

Staffordshire County War Memorial

The memorial, on Victoria Road, Stafford, was designed by Colton but his early death meant that the sculptor L. S. Merrifield had to complete the work. The memorial is dedicated to the soldiers from Staffordshire who died in service to their country during World War I. The memorial stands on a four-stepped base surmounted by two plinths and a column. In Colton's composition we see the figure of an angel with olive branch and a horse. This grouping is modelled after the Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial. There is a Stafford knot on the front face of the pedestal. The memorial was completed in 1923, following Colton's death. The Earl of Dartmouth, whose son was one of the men memorialized by the monument, performed the unveiling.[29][30]

Personal life

In 1902 Colton married Mignon Kroll de Laporte.[5] Two daughters were born to the couple.[5]

Robert Colton died aged 53 on 13 November 1921 at St Mary Abbot's Place, Kensington.[2] due to complications from a surgery approximately four weeks before his death.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Epstein, M.A. (ed.) (1921). The Annual Register: A Review of Public Events at Home and Abroad for the year 1922. London: Longmans, Green and Company. p. 154.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i William Robert Colton, Biography. Tate Collection. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  3. ^ a b c William Robert Colton (1867-1921). The Victorian Web. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  4. ^ a b William Robert Colton, The Girdle. Tate Collection. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  5. ^ a b c Chamaraja Circle &#124 Everything about Mysore! Mysore.ind.in Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Graves, Algernon. (1905). The Royal Academy of Arts: a complete dictionary of contributors from its founding in 1769 to 1904, Volume 2. London: Henry Graves and Company - and George Bell and Sons. p. 188.
  7. ^ Hyde Park: Little Nell. Secret-london.co.uk Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  8. ^ Mermaid Fountain: Little Nell. The Victorian Web. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  9. ^ Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. (1900) Sessional Papers: Reports from Commissioners, Inspectors and Others. Volume 26. p. 164. Note: Was at that time placed in the Gallery of British Art.
  10. ^ a b Bust of "Young Diana RA Collections website. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
  11. ^ River Unto the Sea. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  12. ^ In the Springtide of Life. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  13. ^ Royal Academy exhibitors, 1905-1970: a dictionary of artists and their work in the summer exhibitions of the Royal Academy of Arts, Volume 2. Royal Academy of Arts (Great Britain). EP Publishing, 1973. p. 61.
  14. ^ American Institute of Architects. (1906). Quarterly bulletin containing an index of literature. Architecture. 7: 1-4. p. 305.
  15. ^ Historic England. "Statue of King Edward VII at King Edward VII High School (Grade II) (1219865)". National Heritage List for England.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g William Robert Colton RA. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
  17. ^ Foster, Andy. (2005). Birmingham: Pevsner City Guide. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. p. 68. ISBN 0-300-10731-5.
  18. ^ Works by William Robert Colton RA PRBS (1867–1921): The Collection. Art Gallery NSW. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  19. ^ Tangye Plaque Details and photograph Tangye Plaque. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  20. ^ Comeron, Simon. (1997). Silent Witnesses: Adelaide's Statues and Monuments. Wakefield Press. p. 59. ISBN 9781862544024
  21. ^ Royal Artillery Boer War Memorial. Victorian Web. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  22. ^ Papers reference WTW/8. Royal Academy of Arts Library & Archive.
  23. ^ Matthews, Peter. London's Statues and Monuments. Shire Publications. PT 287. ISBN 978-0-74780-798-8.
  24. ^ Royal Artillery - Boer War - Men Who Died War Memorial. Ministry of Defence: Roll of Honour. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
  25. ^ UK National Inventory of War Memorials: W T Wyllie. Ukniwm.org.uk 19 July 1916. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  26. ^ Reading Room Manchester. Casualty Details. CWGC. 19 July 1916. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  27. ^ UK National Inventory of War Memorials: Capt F C Selous DSO. Ukniwm.org.uk Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  28. ^ UK National Inventory of War Memorials: Boyd and Claud Alexander. Ukniwm.org.uk Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  29. ^ Stafford Memorial Public Monuments and Sculpture Association. Retrieved 18 August 2012
  30. ^ Noszlopy, George T. and Fiona Waterhouse. Public Sculpture of Staffordshire and the Black Country. Liverpool University Press. pp. 128–129. ISBN 0-85323-989-4.

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