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((Short description|Stream or river that is dry through the summer months))
((More citations needed|date=January 2021))

A '''winterbourne''' is  a stream or river that is dry through the summer months, a special case of an [[Intermittent river|intermittent stream]]. ''Winterbourne'' is a British term derived from the Old English ((lang|ang|[[wiktionary:en:winterburna|winterburna]])) ("winter stream"). A winterbourne is sometimes simply called a ''[[bourne (stream)|bourne]]'', from the [[Old English language|Anglo-Saxon]] word for a stream flowing from a spring, although this term can also be used for all-year water courses.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L7swDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Winterbourne%22+stream+-wikipedia&pg=PA368|title=River and Stream Ecosystems of the World: With a New Introduction|last1=Cushing|first1=Colbert E.|last2=Cummins|first2=Kenneth W.|last3=Minshall|first3=G. Wayne|date=2006-02-06|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-24567-9|language=en))</ref> Winterbournes generally form in areas where there is [[chalk]] (or other porous rock) [[downland]] bordering [[clay]] [[valley]]s or [[River valley|vale]]s.  When it rains, the porous chalk holds water in its [[aquifer]], releasing the water at a steady rate.  During dry seasons the [[water table]] may fall below the level of the stream's bed, causing it to dry out.

Exploitation of chalk aquifers as a domestic water source in Britain has had the effect of converting many streams and rivers into artificial winterbournes. This effect is controversial, and local campaigns have often been successful in reducing aquifer abstraction and reversing the effect. For an example, see the [[River Pang]] in Berkshire.

== Examples ==
Winterbournes occasionally give their names to settlements. Many of the United Kingdom's 'Winterbournes' are villages in [[Dorset]], such as [[Winterbourne Abbas]], [[Winterborne Monkton]], [[Winterborne St Martin]], [[Winterborne Zelston]], [[Winterborne Houghton]] and [[Winterborne Whitechurch]]. In north [[Wiltshire]], north of [[Avebury]], there are the villages of [[Winterbourne Monkton]] and [[Winterbourne Bassett]], and in south Wiltshire, north-east of [[Salisbury]], [[Winterbourne Dauntsey]], [[Winterbourne Earls]] and [[Winterbourne Gunner]]. In [[South Gloucestershire]] there are the villages of [[Winterbourne, Gloucestershire|Winterbourne]] and [[Winterbourne Down, South Gloucestershire|Winterbourne Down]].

There is a winterbourne stream in a suburban area of [[Lewes]], East Sussex. The area is also called Winterbourne. The stream runs from the foot of the South Downs through a park, a housing estate and a public garden, ending at the Railway Land Nature Reserve where it meets the River Ouse. It is a clear and verdant stream, much frequented by ducks. Another winterbourne stream is the [[River Lavant, West Sussex|River Lavant]] found In Chichester, West Sussex.

==See also==
* Places called [[Winterbourne (disambiguation)|Winterbourne]]
* [[Arroyo (creek)]]
* [[Chalk stream]]
* [[Stream##Non-perennial streams|Intermittent and ephemeral streams]]
* [[Perennial stream]], a stream or river that flows all year round
* [[Wadi]]
* [[Gypsey (spring)]], East Yorkshire name for a Winterbourne

==References==
((Reflist))
((Wiktionary|winterbourne))

((Rivers, streams and springs))

((DEFAULTSORT:Winterbourne (Stream)))
[[Category:Bodies of water]]
[[Category:Dry or seasonal streams]]
[[Category:Rivers]]
[[Category:Rivers of England]]

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