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((Use mdy dates|date=July 2023))
((more citations needed|date=October 2013))
((Infobox settlement
|name                    = Wood River Junction
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|subdivision_name2       = [[Washington County, Rhode Island|Washington]]
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|subdivision_name3       = [[Richmond, Rhode Island|Richmond]]
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))

'''Wood River Junction''' is a small village in the town of [[Richmond, Rhode Island]], [[Washington County, Rhode Island]], in the United States. It is home to the [[Chariho]] school district's main campus and is otherwise largely [[Sod|turf farms]], which were [[Potato farm|potato farms]] before the [[Wood River Junction, Rhode Island#Criticality accident|nuclear accident]] in 1964.

==Geography==
Wood River Junction is commonly considered by locals to be one of the coldest locations in the state of Rhode Island, due to its low-lying and flat geography. It is the home of [[Meadowbrook Pond]], also known as Wood River Pond, a popular fishing area. It is surrounded by two rivers: the [[Wood River (Pawcatuck River)|Wood River]] and [[Pawcatuck River]].

==History==
===Overview===
The village was the site of Wood River Junction station, originally known as Richmond Switch. The [[Wood River Branch Railroad]] was chartered in 1872 and completed in 1874. The name was changed in April 1874.<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101189482/the-boston-globe/ |title=New England News |newspaper=Boston Globe |date=April 21, 1874 |page=7 |via=Newspapers.com))</ref> The six-mile branch line was built to provide service from the Hope Valley to the main line of the New York, Providence and Boston Railroad and was only six miles long. The [[New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad]] took over operation of the Branch in 1892 and eventually abandoned it on August 8, 1947. The main line continues in operation today as [[Amtrak]]'s [[Northeast Corridor]].

===Criticality accident===
On 24 July 1964, a fatal [[criticality accident]] occurred<ref name="article">[https://newengland.com/yankee/history/nuclear-accident-at-wood-river-junction/ Article] on ''[[Yankee (magazine)|Yankee]]''</ref> at the [[United Nuclear Corporation]]'s Wood River Junction nuclear facility.<ref>((Cite web|title=Nuclear Incident at United Nuclear Corporation Wood River Junction|url=https://www.ecori.org/s/ML060130265.pdf))</ref> This facility was designed to recover highly [[enriched uranium]] from scrap material left over from fuel element production. Technician Robert Peabody, intending to add a bottle of [[trichloroethane]] to remove organics from a tank containing radioactive [[uranium-235]] in a [[sodium carbonate]] solution, mistakenly added a bottle of uranium solution instead. This produced a criticality excursion accompanied by a [[Ionized-air glow|flash of light]]. About ((convert|10|L|sp=us)) out of ((convert|40|to|50|L|sp=us)) of the tank's contents were splashed out of the tank.<ref>((cite web|last=Johnston|first=Wm. Robert|url=http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/nuclear/radevents/1964USA1.html|title=Wood River criticality accident, 1964|access-date=19 August 2023|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418060912/http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/nuclear/radevents/1964USA1.html|archive-date=18 April 2017))</ref>

This criticality exposed the 37-year-old Peabody to a fatal dose of radiation. Estimates for the received dose vary, as accurate counting was limited. An initial estimation based on blood cells was placed at 2,070 rad from fast neutrons, and 7,930 rad from gamma rays for a total dose of 8,200 rad. Further analysis and estimation revealed that at minimum the operator received a full body dose of 7,000 rad with a maximum dose of 19,000 rad. Later estimates based on the source of radiation yielded higher results; a minimum dose estimate of 15,000 rad (150 sieverts), as well as a maximum dose of 26,000 rad. Overall, the accepted dose estimate in the report was in excess of 100 sieverts, with a range of approximately 70-260 sieverts. This means that Peabody received the highest external full body dose in history. Estimates to individual parts of his body were also made. Tests performed on his wedding ring yielded an estimate of 700 rem (7 sieverts) to that individual finger. His head received an estimated dose of 14,000 rem (140 sieverts) and his pelvis received the largest dose; calculated at 46,000 rem (460 sieverts).<ref> https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0601/ML060130267.pdf </ref> He died 49 hours later.

Ninety minutes later, a second excursion happened when a plant manager returned to the building and turned off the agitator, exposing himself and another administrator to doses of up to 100 rad (1 sievert) without apparent ill effect.((cn|date= January 2024))

Members of the local Hope Valley Ambulance Squad (HVAS) responded to render aid, initially transporting the patient to [[Westerly Hospital]]; the hospital was not equipped for such a patient, the ambulance was turned away and the ambulance transported the patient to [[Rhode Island Hospital]] in [[Providence, Rhode Island|Providence]].((cn|date= January 2024))

Although commonly referred to as taking place in Wood River Junction, the incident actually occurred just across the river in [[Charlestown, Rhode Island|Charlestown]].((cn|date= January 2024))

== See also ==
* ((Portal-inline|Rhode Island))

==References==
((Reflist))

== External links==
* [http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0601/ML060130265.pdf UNC Recovery Systems - Nuclear Incident at United Nuclear Corporation (8/24/1964)]
* [http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0601/ML060130262.pdf UNC Recovery Systems - Compliance Investigation Report Volume 1 - Report Details (9/16/1964)]
* [http://pbadupws.nrc.gov/docs/ML0601/ML060130267.pdf UNC Recovery Systems - Compliance Investigation Report Volume 3 - Supplemental Report with Exhibits (9/16/1964)]

((Washington County, Rhode Island))

((authority control))

[[Category:Villages in Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Villages in Washington County, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Nuclear history of the United States]]
[[Category:United Nuclear Corporation]]
[[Category:Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Nuclear accidents and incidents in the United States]]

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