Xindian culture

-1000 Karasuk Irmen Begazy-Dandybai culture Mezhovskaya culture Cimmerians Iranian pastoral people Slab- graves Kuban culture ASSYRIA ELAM Mumun Arameans Painted Grey Ware KURU Subeshi Upper Xiajiadian Siwa culture Shanma Deer stones ZHOU DYNASTY San- xingdui Ulaan- zuukh KUSH 21st Dynasty of Egypt ◁ ▷ Location of Xindian (), with contemporary cultures in 1000 BCE
Geographical range	Gansu
Dates	ca. 1500–1000 BCE
Preceded by	Qijia culture
Followed by	Shajing culture (800-200 BCE) Majiayuan (3rd-2nd c.BCE)

Xindian culture (Chinese: 辛店文化; pinyin: Xīndiàn wénhuà) was a Bronze Age culture in the Gansu and Qinghai provinces of China. Xindian culture is dated ca. 1500–1000 BCE, a radiocarbon testing of an artefact produced a date around 1000 BCE,^[1] which roughly corresponds to the Western Zhou period of the Central Plain area (in the middle and lower course of the Yellow River).

Geography

The Xindian culture is named after a site discovered in 1923–24 in Xindian, Lintao County, Gansu. The culture was mainly located in Gansu in the middle and lower course of the Tao River and Daxia River, and in Qinghai in the basin of the Huangshui River.^[1]

Cultural context

Xindian culture was predominantly agricultural, with breeding pigs and cattle, at the sites of the culture were found bronze castings and traces of copper smelting production.^[2] Some small bronzes have been discovered at Huizui in Lintao county. They include knives, awls and buttons.^[3]

Xindian culture belongs to the painted pottery cultures found in Central Asia, India, and China, among others.^[2] Xindian culture postdates the Qijia culture; the pottery evidence demonstrates a cultural continuity,^[4] though genetically it is not related with it.^[2]

The shape of some Xindian culture pottery vessels, as well as the decorative patterns on pottery reveal correlations with the Tangwang culture.^[3]

In the same area in close proximity are distributed early sites of the contemporary neighboring Siwa culture, though Xindian culture and Siwa culture followed their own paths of development. The later Xindian culture expanded westward and came closer to the Kayue culture, it was possibly absorbed by the Kayue culture.^[4]

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  Anthropomorphic spatula, Xindian culture, 1900-1500 BCE. Gansu Museum
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  Windian pottery jar
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  Xindian jar with two lug handles, Gansu, around 1,000 BCE, painted earthenware, Honolulu Academy of Arts
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  Jar, Xindian culture. Musée Cernuschi.
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  Xindian pit with oracle bone