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((good article))
((Short description|Austrian women's rights and peace activist (1873–1948)))
((Use dmy dates|date=November 2023))
((Infobox person
| name               = Yella Hertzka
| image              = Yella Hertzka (1873–1948) 1927 © Georg Fayer (1892–1950) OeNB 10450445.jpg
| alt                = Portrait of a woman with short hair in a dark-scoop necked dress
| caption            = Portrait by [[Georg Fayer]], 1927
| birth_name         = Yella Fuchs
| birth_date         = ((Birth date|1873|02|04|df=y))
| birth_place        = [[Vienna]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date         = ((Death date and age|1948|11|13|1873|02|04|df=y))
| death_place        = Vienna, Austria
| nationality        = ((ubl|Austria (until 1938) | [[Second Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovakia]] (1938–1945) | [[Statelessness|Stateless]] (from 1945)))
| other_names        = ((cslist|Jella Herzka|Yella Hertzky|Yella Hertzka-Taussig))
| occupation         = ((cslist|Horticulturist|school director|activist|music publisher))
| years_active       = 1900–1948
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      = 
))
'''Yella Hertzka''' (née '''Fuchs'''; 4 February 1873 – 13 November 1948) was an Austrian women's rights and peace activist, school director, and music business executive. She began working in women's humanitarian and social improvement projects in 1900. Co-founding the ((lang|de|Neuer Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) (New Vienna Women's Club) in 1903, she served as its president from 1909 to 1933. From 1904 she participated in the international women's rights movements, supporting [[women's suffrage]] and [[pacifism]]. In 1919, she attended the [[Zürich]] congress of the [[Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]] (WILPF). She was a co-founder of the Austrian section of the WILPF, organized its 1921 Vienna Congress, and attended every international WILPF congress held between 1919 and 1948. She worked to free [[prisoners of war]] after [[World War I]] and during [[World War II]] helped those wanting to emigrate or oppose the draft.

In 1903, Hertzka co-founded Cottage Girls' Lyceum with ((ill|Salka Goldman|de|Salome Goldman)) to facilitate women's qualifying for university entrance or professional training. After completing training in English and advanced horticulture abroad, she returned home in 1909 and established the ((lang|de|Villenkolonie Kaasgraben|italics=no)) (Kaasgraben Villa Colony), an innovative housing project for intellectuals and artists. In 1913, she co-founded the first school in [[Austria-Hungary]] to train women in horticulture and landscape architecture. She directed the school and simultaneously, after 1932 when her husband died, managed the music publishing company [[Universal Edition]] until 1938. During her tenure at Universal Edition, she strove to develop new talent, focused in particular on assisting woman musicians and composers.

When the [[Nazi regime]] [[Anschluss|annexed Austria]], all of the organizations and businesses Hertzka had been involved in were banned or [[Aryanization|Aryanized]]. To facilitate her ability to travel, she married her cousin Edgar Taussig, gaining his [[Czechoslovakia]]n nationality in December 1938. Emigrating to London for the duration of the war, she worked as a [[landscape architect]] and gardener, continuing her pacifist activism. Taussig was murdered in 1943 in a [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]]. When the war ended, Hertzka chose not to renew her Czech nationality, applied for restoration of her Austrian nationality, and returned to Austria in 1946. She immediately began to re-establish the Austrian chapter of the WILPF and recover her businesses and property. She was appointed administrator for Universal Edition, receiving full control of the business in 1947 despite fighting legal issues with the building owner until her death. Neither her personal property nor her nationality was restored before she died in 1948. The City Council of Vienna established a park in the [[Aspern#Seestadt Aspern|Seestadt Aspern]] neighborhood in her honor in 2012.

==Early life and education==
Yella Fuchs was born on 4 February 1873 in Vienna, [[Austria Hungary]], to Agnes (née Tedesco) and Ferdinand Fuchs.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=118)) The youngest of seven siblings, she grew up in a liberal, upper-class [[History of the Jews in Austria|Jewish family]].((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132)) Her father was a businessman, and Agnes, his second wife, was the mother of five of their children.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=119)) On 20 May 1897, at the [[Stadttempel]] in Vienna, she married [[Emil Hertzka]], who was a music publisher and originally from [[Budapest]].((sfn|Hilscher|2002))((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=126)) While he was building his career, from around 1900 Hertzka was involved in women's humanitarian and social improvement projects in Austria, becoming a member of the ((lang|de|Frauenvereinigung für soziale Hilfstätigkeit|italics=no)) (Women's Association for Social Welfare).((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=119))((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) She also co-founded and joined the ((lang|de|Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) (Vienna Women's Club, 1900–1902),((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=154)) and participated in the ((lang|de|Wiener Kleidersammelstelle|italics=no)) (Viennese Clothing Collection Point),((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=118)) an initiative which allowed the poor to acquire clean, used clothing.((sfn|Malleier|2003|p=237)) On a visit to England in 1903, she took a course in English at [[Oxford University]], offered to foreign women.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=124))

==Women's rights (1903–1938)==
===Suffrage and civil rights===
In 1903, Hertzka became one of the twelve co-founders of the ((lang|de|Neuer Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) (New Vienna Women's Club), which was originally founded as an apolitical [[Salon (gathering)|salon]] and literary association for women.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019))((sfn|Hofmann-Weinberger|2019)) Initially the president was ((ill|Helene Forsmann|de)), succeeded by [[Dora von Stockert-Meynert]].((sfn|Hofmann-Weinberger|2019)) Hertzka became involved in the international [[women's rights movement]]s in 1904 and attended the Berlin Congress of the [[International Council of Women]],((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) where she established friendships with several prominent feminists, including [[Käthe Schirmacher]] and [[Helene Stöcker]].((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=124)) From 1905, the club focused on attaining [[women's suffrage]] and campaigned against laws prohibiting women from political participation.((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=155)) Hertzka became president of the ((lang|de|Neuer Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) in 1909 and remained in the position until 1933.((sfn|Hofmann-Weinberger|2019)) She participated in the Vienna Voting Rights Conference of 1913 and led the Commission for Horticulture and Small Animal Breeding of the ((ill|Federation of Austrian Women's Associations|de|Bund Österreichischer Frauenvereine)), until the commission dissolved in 1918.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) A committed pacifist, when war was declared in 1914, Hertzka and the ((lang|de|Neuer Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) formally opposed the conflict.((sfn|National Woman's Party|1923|p=2)) The club sent a delegate, Francis Wolf Girian, to the [[Women at the Hague|Hague Congress]] held in 1915.((sfn|Macmillan|1915|p=243))

===Pacifism===
[[File:1921 WILPF Executive Committee.jpg|thumb|upright=1.50|alt=Nine women in dresses standing in front of a wrought iron fence behind which is a building with two open windows|1921 WILPF Executive Committee: Left to right, front: [[Cornelia Ramondt-Hirschmann]], [[Gabrielle Duchêne]], [[Lida Gustava Heymann]], Hertzka, [[Jane Addams]], [[Catherine Marshall (suffragist)|Catherine Marshall]], [[Gertrud Baer]]. Back: [[Emily Greene Balch]] and [[Thora Daugaard]].]] 
Because the [[International Women Suffrage Alliance]] conference to be held in Berlin had been cancelled, a committee of Dutch women, led by [[Aletta Jacobs]], proposed that the Netherlands, as a neutral country, could host a meeting to allow women to maintain their solidarity.((sfn|Macmillan|1915|pp=xxxvii–xxviii)) From this congress, the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace, which would become the [[Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]] (WILPF), was formed.((sfn|Paull|2018|pp=256, 262)) The Austrian members of the committee, [[Leopoldine Kulka]] and [[Olga Misař]], were chosen.((sfn|Macmillan|1915|p=319)) When the war ended, Hertzka attended the 1919 WILPF convention in [[Zürich]], along with Kulka and [[Elsa Beer-Angerer]].((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=288)) There, she persuaded the WILPF members to hold the next biennial convention in Vienna.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) Returning home, she and Kulka founded the Austrian WILPF chapter in 1920.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019))((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=282)) The following year when Kulka died, Hertzka became president of the Austrian section of the WILPF.((sfn|Balch|1921|p=3))((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=290)) She was the primary coordinator and organizer for the third WILPF congress in Vienna, working with [[Emily Greene Balch]], international organization's Secretary-Treasurer.((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281))((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=291))((sfn|Gwinn|2010|pp=119, 126)) Shortly after the event, the Austrian WILPF branch split along ideological grounds. Those who felt nationalist goals were more important than international objectives and absolute pacifism left the organization.((sfn|Oesch|2012|pp=511–512))((sfn|WILPF|2021))

Hertzka attended all of the WILPF congresses held between 1919 and 1946, participating as a group leader, organizer, or speaker.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) In 1919, she traveled to [[Scandinavia]], lecturing in Norway and Sweden about the WILPF and seeking support for [[Prisoner of war|prisoners of war]] held in [[Siberia]] and [[Turkestan]]. From there she traveled on to London, Paris, and Switzerland. Continuing this mission,((sfn|Oesch|2016|pp=160–161)) she went to the United States the following year and successfully secured American help in negotiating the return of war prisoners from Siberia, as well as financial concessions enabling Austria to secure a loan from the [[League of Nations]].((sfn|Balch|1949|p=1))((sfn|Shuler|1920|p=658)) She became a member of the international WILPF's executive board in 1921.((sfn|Balch|1921|p=115)) In 1924, she became chair of the East European Commission for WILPF,((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) and two years later was appointed to serve on the International Advisory Council of the [[National Woman's Party]].((sfn|National Woman's Party|1926|p=5)) In the 1930s, she chaired the Economic Commission of the WILPF, interacting with members of the [[International Labour Organization]].((sfn|Kraeutler|Oesch|Sandner|Neurath|2011|p=272)) In Austria, Hertzka's public appearances and activities were increasingly limited as a result of rising [[antisemitism]].((sfn|Oesch|2012|p=512)) In March 1938, all Jewish members of the ((lang|de|Neuer Wiener Frauenklub|italics=no)) were expelled. In November the club was dissolved when [[Anschluss|Germany annexed Austria]] and implemented policies to ban women's organizations involving political activities.((sfn|Hofmann-Weinberger|2019))((sfn|Moser-Verrey|1991|p=31)) The same year, Hertzka ended her service as president of the Austrian chapter of the WILPF, when the organization was banned by the [[Nazism|Nazi regime]].((sfn|Moser-Verrey|1991|p=31))((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=211))

==Schools and artist colony (1903–1938)==
===Lyceum and artist colony===
Hertzka and ((ill|Salka Goldman|de|Salome Goldman)) co-founded the Cottage Girls' Lyceum in the ((ill|Cottage Quarter (Vienna)|lt=Cottage Quarter|de|Cottageviertel)) of [[Döbling]], in 1903.((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) The school moved several times in the early years of its operation. In 1904, it was located on ((ill|Prinz Eugen Straße|de|Prinz-Eugen-Straße (Wien))) and moved again in 1905 to Gymnasium Straße.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=128)) Donating the buildings for the school, Hertzka also did various administrative tasks. The school was designed to give girls the opportunity to attain secondary schooling and gain professional training.((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=157)) In the early years of its operation, however, completing the courses and passing the final examination only allowed graduates to participate in the Philosophical Faculty of the [[University of Vienna]] as extraordinary students. During the 1913–1914 term, Goldman adopted the advanced courses required for the reform-[[realgymnasium]] examination, which qualified graduates for standard university admission.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=128)) Around this time, as their pro-German [[nationalism|nationalist]] leanings surfaced, Hertzka distanced herself from both Goldman and Schirmacher, with whom she had maintained a correspondence for over a decade.((sfb|Oesch|2008|pp=132–133, 135))

[[File:Die Villenkolonie im Kaasgraben in Wien, 52 (cropped).jpg|thumb|alt=Two concrete 2-story dwellings|Two of the duplex homes in the Villenkolonie im Kaasgraben, 1917]]
In 1908 and 1909, Hertzka attended the ((lang|de|Rheinische Obst- und Gartenbauschule für Frauen|italics=no)) (Rhineland Fruit and Horticultural School for Women) in [[Bad Godesberg]] near [[Bonn]], Germany, and completed advanced training in horticulture.((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132))((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=125)) She returned to Austria determined to establish a ((lang|de|Höhere Gartenbauschule für Frauen|italics=no)) (Higher Horticultural School for Women), but it would be several years before she did so.((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132))((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=290)) Hertzka often hosted garden parties, attended by many internationally known composers such as [[Béla Bartók]], [[Zoltán Kodály]], [[Ernst Krenek]], [[Gustav Mahler]], [[Darius Milhaud]], and [[Arnold Schönberg]].((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) To foster their work, she called on [[Josef Hoffmann]] to design an artists' colony in Kaasgraben, near her home in [[Grinzing]].((sfn|Hilscher|2002))((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281))((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=133)) She helped Hoffmann plan the colony and financed the undertaking.((sfn|Oesch|2012|p=510)) The colony had four [[Duplex (building)|duplex units]], a relatively recent housing innovation in Vienna at the time.((sfn|Sekler|1985|p=140)) Completed in 1912, the ((lang|de|Villenkolonie Kaasgraben|italics=no)) (Kaasgraben Villa Colony) attracted many artists and intellectuals as residents, including the secretary general of the [[Konzerthaus, Vienna|Vienna Concert Hall]], [[Hugo Botstiber]]; economist Adolf Drucker; composer [[Egon Wellesz]] and his wife, art historian ((ill|Emmy Wellesz|lt=Emmy|de|Emmy Wellesz)); and ((ill|Hans Vetter|de|Hans Adolf Vetter)),((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=157))((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=133)) an architect and co-founder of the ((ill|Austrian Work Association|de|Österreichischer Werkbund)).((sfn|Prokop|2007))((sfn|Stuhlpfarrer|2013))

===Higher Horticultural School for Women===
[[File:Die Gartenbauschule von Yella Hertzka 1926 (Obstspalier).jpg|thumb|alt=Women pruning a garden row in front of a building|Students working in Hertzka's gardening school in 1926]]
In 1913, Hertzka founded the first secondary horticultural school for girls in Austria-Hungary, also located in Kaasgraben, part of Grinzing in the Döbling district. She served as director of the school until 1938.((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132))((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=290))((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) The school offered training in [[horticulture]] and [[landscape architecture]], opening the fields to women/((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|p=139)) It also gave general business and law courses,((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132)) requiring students to grow and market their produce.((sfn|''The Christian Science Monitor''|1927|p=8)) Besides practical work in the garden and greenhouse, students attended lectures on [[botany]], drawing, [[geology]], landscaping, growing [[floriculture|flowers]] and [[Market garden|vegetables]], and [[soil science]].((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132))((sfn|''The Christian Science Monitor''|1927|p=8)) The program was accredited by the [[Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism|Austrian Ministry of Agriculture]] and diplomas were issued to students who successfully completed an examination.((sfn|''The Christian Science Monitor''|1927|p=8)) When [[World War I|war]] broke out the year after her school had opened, Hertzka offered the gardens of the school to other secondary schools and helped train them to operate [[Allotment (gardening)|community gardens]] throughout Vienna to combat food shortages and [[malnutrition]] for the duration of the conflict.((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=157)) The school offered the rare opportunity for women to achieve economic independence with training in horticulture and gardening or landscape architecture in Austria-Hungary in the early decades of the twentieth century.((sfn|Meder|Krippner|2014|p=132))((sfn|''The Christian Science Monitor''|1927|p=8)) Until 1921, it was closely affiliated with an adjacent home economics school run by [[Marie Wettstein]], a colleague in the WILPF before the organizational dispute.((sfn|Oesch|2012|pp=511–512))

[[File:Die Gartenbauschule von Yella Hertzka 1926 (Treibhaus).jpg|thumb|alt=Two women watering rows of plants in a greenhouse.|Students working in Hertzka's greenhouse in 1926]]
In 1920, the alumni of the Higher Horticultural School for Women founded the networking organization ((lang|de|Verein der Grinzinger Gärtnerinnen|italics=no)) (Association of Grinzing Women Gardeners) to help each other secure employment, share professional and training information, and promote women gardeners.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|pp=139–140)) From 1926, the alumni association was open to woman gardeners throughout Austria, regardless of where they had trained.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|p=140)) Although Hertzka was not a [[Zionist]], many of her students were young women [[Aliyah|preparing to move and work]] in [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]].((sfn|Malleier|2009|p=290))((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|p=140))((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=207)) Among them were [[Irene Aloni|Irene (née Pick) Aloni]], Grete Blumenkranz, [[Elisabeth Boyko]], [[Hanka Huppert-Kurz]], [[Grete Salzer]], Michal Selzer (formerly known as Felicia Sonnenschein), Gerti (née Brechner) Stern, and Lily Venezianer.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|pp=140–142))((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=209)) Beginning in the early 1930s, Hertzka opened her home to refugees fleeing pogroms in other parts of Europe.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=212)) As a member of the organization ((lang|de|Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien|italics=no)) ([[Jewish Community of Vienna]]), when Germany annexed Austria, she organized training courses at her school for Jews wishing to emigrate and provided secret refuge while they made arrangements to escape the country.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=212))((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=120)) Activist friends, such as Balch and [[Helene Scheu-Riesz]], found potential employment positions and were willing to assist her in relocating to the United States. [[Hilda Clark (doctor)|Hilda Clark]] made a similar proposal to help Hertzka arrange limited residency in Britain, but she chose not to accept these offers of help.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=120)) Rather than face the risk that her school would be [[Aryanization|Aryanized]], she gave the facility to her friend, composer [[Maria Hofer]] in 1937. She was forced to leave her home in Kaasgraben in early 1938.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=212))

==Business development and music publisher (1920–1938)==
In the 1920s, Hertzka joined the ((lang|de|Österreichische Gesellschaft zur Förderung der geistigen und wirtschaftlichen Beziehungen mit der UdSSR|italics=no)) (Austrian Society for the Promotion of Intellectual and Economic Relations with the [[USSR]]).((sfn|Kraeutler|Oesch|Sandner|Neurath|2011|p=272)) The association was aimed at cultural exchange and development of trade relations. Hertzka saw participation as a means to improve business and cultural relationships in favor of Universal Edition, but  also as a means to forward women's equality and peace.((sfn|Kraeutler|Oesch|Sandner|Neurath|2011|pp=272–273)) In 1931, she organized the Paris Economic Conference to address worldwide issues during the [[Great Depression]].((sfn|Kraeutler|Oesch|Sandner|Neurath|2011|p=272)) Hertzka stressed the importance of unifying the European economy, which was adopted as one of the recommendations of the congress.((sfn|Balch|1949|p=4)) 

Emil, Hertka's husband, was hired by [[Universal Edition]] in 1901 and promoted to management in 1907. Under his administration, he transitioned the publishing house away from [[Classical music|classical]] and [[Music of Austria|traditional music]] and toward [[Avant-garde music|avant-garde]] and [[Contemporary classical music|contemporary music]].((sfn|Hilscher|2002)) When he died in 1932, Hertzka took his place on the firm's board. She was the head of the business, which had become one of the most influential music publishers in Austria.((sfn|Hilscher|2002))((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) During her tenure, she continued his work in promoting new talent, such as [[Gottfried von Einem]], [[Arnold Schoenberg]], and Wellesz.((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281))((sfn|''Austrian Information''|1948|p=10)) She also strove to include women's works among the firm's publications and promotions.((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) In 1938, the business was Aryanized and Hertzka was expelled from Austria.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=119))

==Exile and later life (1938–1948)==
Aware that a woman's nationality was tied to that of her husband, Hertzka decided to marry her cousin, Edgar Taussig, to gain his [[Czechoslovakian]] nationality.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019))((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=122)) As a Czech, she would be able to emigrate to England and travel freely.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019))((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=123)) With help from her friend Hofer, in December 1938 Hertzka and Taussig married and she immigrated shortly afterwards.((sfn|Oesch|2018|pp=122–123)) Hofer followed Hertzka to England, but was expelled because she was a German citizen.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=119)) For the first six months, Hertzka lived in London at [[Wyldes Farm]] with friends, Ethel and [[Raymond Unwin]], while trying to obtain a work permit. Having secured a permit to work as a domestic servant,((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=123)) she worked as a horticultural architect((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281)) and a gardener. At various times, she supervised the gardening department for a tubercular sanatorium.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=212)) The work required her to move frequently, and over a five-year period, she moved twenty-five times.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=123)) Her idealized middle-class ideas of gardening as a profession vanished during her exile, but she chose to continue the arduous work to maintain her independence. Often without food, warm blankets, and intellectual stimulation, Hertzka relied on her WILPF network to supply her with basic necessities and literature. Around 1944, she moved in with activist [[Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence]] because of health concerns. Hertzka had developed a heart condition from poor nourishment and hard labor, as well as a skin disease which caused discomfort.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=124))

Hertzka became active in the London branch of the WILPF,((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|p=212)) traveling to Paris in 1939 to attend a meeting of the executive committee on refugees.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=123)) During the war, women in the British section of the WILPF faced similar issues concerning the commitment to pacifism, as had faced the Austrian branch during World War I.((sfn|Gwinn|2010|p=127))((sfn|Overy|2013|p=205)) The debate among the executive was whether Hitler should be stopped by any means possible, or whether the commitment to pacifism was absolute.((sfn|Overy|2013|pp=205–206)) In votes on the issue in 1940 and 1942, the majority of the board rejected that violence should ever be used to maintain peace.((sfn|Overy|2013|p=206)) Because their activities were limited by the war, the main focus of the WILPF for the duration was assisting members to escape from [[Axis powers|Axis nations]],((sfn|Gwinn|2010|pp=159, 161)) but they also campaigned for the rights of [[conscientious objector]]s, particularly after changes were made to the [[Conscription in the United Kingdom|British conscription laws]] in 1941.((sfn|Overy|2013|p=225))

Hertzka's husband, Taussig, was exterminated on 19 May 1943 at [[Theresienstadt family camp|Theresienstadt]] [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]].((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=124)) When the war ended, she chose not to renew her Czech passport and reapplied for [[Austrian nationality law|Austrian nationality]]. Pending its approval, she obtained an Austrian visa from the [[Allied Control Council]], as she was [[Statelessness|stateless]].((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=124)) She returned to Austria in 1946 and worked to re-establish the Austrian branch of the WILPF.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019)) She attended the WILPF congress of 1946 held in Luxembourg, having to stand on the train for the entire journey. Her last attendance at a WILPF function was in July 1948, when she met with the international executive board in Geneva.((sfn|Balch|1949|p=1)) In the fall of 1946, she was appointed as the administrator for Universal Edition.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=124)) She was able to recover control of Universal Edition in March 1947, but because of legal disputes with the building custodian was unable to take possession of the facility and begin rebuilding the business.((sfn|Korotin|2016|p=1281))((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2017|pp=212–213)) She also attempted to recover her property in Kaasgraben, but was unable to do so prior to her death.((sfn|Balch|1949|p=1))

==Death and legacy==
[[File:Emil_Hertzka_grave_Vienna.jpg|thumb|alt=Tombstone of a couple|Emil and Yella's grave marker]]
[[File:Benches, Yella-Hertzka-Park.jpg|thumb|alt=Blue sculptural egg-shaped arms supporting a seat, surrounded by small trees in front of a group of apartment houses|Benches, Yella Hertzka Park]]

Hertzka died in Vienna on 13 November 1948,((sfn|Balch|1949|p=4))((sfn|''Austrian Information''|1948|pp=9–10)) without recovering her nationality. Three years after her death, Universal Edition was able to re-establish the business.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=124)) When she died, she was recognized as one of the leading women's rights activists in Austria and in the international women's movement.((sfn|Oesch|2018|p=119)) An obituary in ''Austrian Information'' stated that her passing would have a noticeable impact on the music industry of Vienna.((sfn|''Austrian Information''|1948|pp=9–10)) Per scholar Corinna Oesch, despite Hertzka's prominence, she fell into obscurity, only partly because many of the records by and about her had been destroyed during the Nazi takeover and all of the institutions she created had been Aryanized.((sfn|Oesch|2012|p=510))((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=153)) The remains of her personal estate in the archives of Universal Edition were likely sent to Hofer in the 1960s, per a letter in the archives, and are presumed lost, as Hofer destroyed her own correspondence and records prior to her death.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=127)) Oesch also observed that an overall lack of interest in [[women's history]], and indifference from academics in studying women's contributions, also contributed to her erasure, as did the fact that many records pertaining to her life are "scattered in archives around the globe".((sfn|Oesch|2016|pp=153–154))

In the twenty-first century, scholars like ((ill|Elisabeth Malleier|de)) began to recover the history of the Austrian activists and the women's movement.((sfn|Oesch|2008|p=122)) According to scholars Iris Meder and Ulrike Krippner, Hertzka's school played a crucial role in opening the fields of horticulture and landscaping architecture to women.((sfn|Krippner|Meder|2020|p=139)) Oesch, who has extensively researched Hertzka's life,((sfn|Bianchi|Ludbrook|2016|p=x)) wrote that while [[Fridtjof Nansen]] is often credited with the international repatriation of prisoners of war after World War I, Hertzka's lectures were significant in promoting awareness of the issue and raising funds on behalf of prisoners.((sfn|Oesch|2016|p=162)) In 2012, the City Council of Vienna established a park in the [[Aspern#Seestadt Aspern|Seestadt Aspern]] neighborhood which bears her name.((sfn|Jammernegg|2019))

==See also==
* [[List of peace activists]]

==References==
===Citations===
((reflist|20em))

===Bibliography===
((refbegin|30em)) 
*((cite conference |editor-last1=Balch |editor-first1=Emily G. |editor-link1=Emily Greene Balch |title=Report |url=https://archive.org/details/reportofthirdint00womerich/page/3/mode/1up |date=1921 |publisher=[[Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]] |location=Geneva, Switzerland |conference=Third International Congress of Women, Vienna, 10–17 July 1921 |oclc=259988472))
*((cite journal |last1=Balch |first1=Emily Greene |author-link=Emily Green Balch |title=Yella Hertzka – In Memoriam |journal=Four Lights |date=February 1949 |volume=VIII |issue=8 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_peace-and-freedom_1949-02_8_8/mode/1up |access-date=10 January 2023 |publisher=[[Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]] |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |oclc=504850144))
*((cite book |last1=Bianchi |first1=Bruna |last2=Ludbrook |first2=Geraldine |editor1-last=Bianchi |editor1-first=Bruna |editor2-last=Ludbrook |editor2-first=Geraldine |title=Living War, Thinking Peace (1914–1924): Women's Experiences, Feminist Thought, and International Relations |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/53184555.pdf |date=2016 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |location=Newcastle upon Tyne, UK |chapter=Introduction |pages=viii–xii |isbn=978-1-4438-8684-0)) 
*((cite book |last1=Gwinn |first1=Kristen E. |title=Emily Greene Balch: The Long Road to Internationalism |url=https://archive.org/details/emilygreenebalch0000gwin/page/161/mode/1up |date=2010 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |location=Urbana, Illinois |isbn=978-0-252-09015-8))
*((cite journal |last1=Hilscher |first1=Elisabeth Th. |editor-last1=Flotzinger |editor-first1=Rudolf |editor-last2=Boisits |editor-first2=Barbara |title=Hertzka, Ehepaar |url=https://www.musiklexikon.ac.at/ml/musik_H/Hertzka_Ehepaar.xml |doi=10.1553/0x00025509 |website=[[Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon]] online |publisher=[[Austrian Academy of Sciences]] |access-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107221236/https://www.musiklexikon.ac.at/ml/musik_H/Hertzka_Ehepaar.xml |archive-date=7 January 2023 |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Herzka Couple |date=6 September 2002 |s2cid=246858223 |url-status=live|doi-access=free ))
*((cite web |last1=Hofmann-Weinberger |first1=Helga |title=Frauen in Bewegung 1848–1938: Neuer Frauenklub, Wien |url=https://fraueninbewegung.onb.ac.at/node/389 |website=fraueninbewegung |publisher=[[Ariadne (archive)|Ariadne]] |access-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103161257/https://fraueninbewegung.onb.ac.at/node/389 |archive-date=3 January 2023 |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Women on the Move 1848–1938: New Women's Club, Vienna |date=2019 |url-status=live))
*((cite web |last1=Jammernegg |first1=Lydia |title=Frauen in Bewegung 1848–1938: Hertzka, Yella |url=https://fraueninbewegung.onb.ac.at/node/1687 |website=fraueninbewegung |publisher=[[Ariadne (archive)|Ariadne]] |access-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107221239/https://fraueninbewegung.onb.ac.at/node/1687 |archive-date=7 January 2023 |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Women on the Move 1848–1938: Hertzka, Yella |date=2019 |url-status=live))
*((cite book |last1=Korotin |first1=Ilse |title=biografiA: Lexikon österreichischer Frauen |url=https://fedora.e-book.fwf.ac.at/fedora/objects/o:886/methods/bdef:Content/get |volume=1: A-H |date=2016 |publisher=[[Böhlau Verlag]] |location=Vienna, Austria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023104144/https://fedora.e-book.fwf.ac.at/fedora/objects/o:886/methods/bdef:Content/get |archive-date=23 October 2022 |language=German |trans-title=Biography: Austrian Lexicon |chapter=Hertzka Yella, geb. Fuchs, auch Jella; Schulgründerin, Direktorin, Musikverlegerin und Frauenrechtsaktivistin [Hertzka Yella, Née Fuchs, also Jella; School Founder, Director, Music Publisher and Women's Rights Activist] |page=1281 |isbn=978-3-205-79590-2 |url-status=live))
*((cite book |last1=Kraeutler |first1=Hadwig |last2=Oesch |first2=Corinna |last3=Sandner |first3=Günther |last4=Neurath |first4=Otto |editor1-last=McGuinness |editor1-first=B. F. |title=Friedrich Waismann - Causality and Logical Positivism |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vmK1UCxq0zgC&pg=PA272 |date=2011 |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]] |location=Dordrecht, Germany |chapter='Encyclopedia of the World War': A Contextualisation |pages=267–296 |isbn=978-94-007-1750-3)) 
*((cite book |last1=Krippner |first1=Ulrike |last2=Meder |first2=Iris |editor1-last=Brinson |editor1-first=Charmian |editor2-last=Hammel |editor2-first=Andrea |editor3-last=Buresova |editor3-first=Jana Barbora |title=Exile and Gender II: Politics, Education and the Arts |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNckDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA205 |date=2017 |publisher=[[Koninklijke Brill]] |location=Leiden |chapter=14. Women Gardeners and Garden Architects from Vienna, in Austria and in Exile |pages=205–217 |isbn=978-90-04-34351-1))
*((cite book |last1=Krippner |first1=Ulrike |last2=Meder |first2=Iris |editor1-last=Alon-Mozes |editor1-first=Tal |editor2-last=Aue-Ben-David |editor2-first=Irene |editor3-last=Wolschke-Bulmahn |editor3-first=Joachim |title=Jewish Horticultural Schools and Training Centers in Germany and Their Impact on Horticulture and Landscape Architecture in Palestine/Israel |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EjrlDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA131 |date=2020 |publisher=Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft |location=Munich, Germany |chapter=Austria—Palestine: Viennese Women Gardeners and Garden Architects  |pages=137–154 |isbn=978-3-95477-092-2))
*((cite conference |editor-last1=Macmillan |editor-first1=Chrystal |editor-link1=Chrystal Macmillan |title=Bericht-Rapport-Report |url=https://archive.org/details/berichtrapportre45wome/page/n10/mode/1up |date=1915 |publisher=International Women's Committee for Permanent Peace |location=Amsterdam, the Netherlands |conference=International Congress of Women, The Hague, 28 April to 1 May 1915 |oclc=1327848600))
*((cite book |last1=Malleier |first1=Elisabeth |editor1-last=Stern |editor1-first=Frank |editor2-last=Eichinger |editor2-first=Barbara |title=Wien und die jüdische Erfahrung, 1900–1938: Akkulturation, Antisemitismus, Zionismus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8L2GjavATqAC&pg=PA277 |date=2009 |publisher=Böhlau Verlag |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Vienna and the Jewish Experience 1900–1938: Acculturation, Anti-Semitism, Zionism |chapter='Jeder Sieg der Frauen muss ein Sieg der Freiheit sein, oder er is keiner': Jüdische Feministinnen in der Wiener bürgerlichen Frauenbewegung und in internationalen Frauenbewegungsorganisationen ['Every Victory of Women Must Be a Victory of Freedom, or It Isn't One': Jewish Feminists in the Viennese Bourgeois Women's Movement and in International Women's Movement Organizations] |pages=277–296 |isbn=978-3-205-78317-6))
*((cite book |last1=Malleier |first1=Elisabeth |title=Jüdische Frauen in Wien 1816-1938: Wohlfahrt, Mädchenbildung, Frauenarbeit |date=2003 |publisher=Mandelbaum Verlag |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Jewish Women in Vienna 1816–1938: Welfare, Girls' Education, Women's Work |isbn=978-3-85476-085-6)) 
*((cite book |last1=Meder |first1=Iris |last2=Krippner |first2=Ulrike |editor1-last=Crăciun |editor1-first=Cerasella |editor2-last=Dan |editor2-first=Maria Bostenaru |title=Planning and Designing Sustainable and Resilient Landscapes |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YzEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 |date=2014 |publisher=[[Springer Science & Business Media]] |location=New York, New York |chapter=Viennese Modernism and Landscape Architecture |pages=129–142 |isbn=978-94-017-8535-8)) 
*((cite journal |last1=Moser-Verrey |first1=Monique |title=Les femmes du troisième Reich |journal=Recherches féministes |date=1991 |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=25–44 |doi=10.7202/057649ar |url=https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/rf/1991-v4-n2-rf1644/057649ar.pdf |access-date=9 January 2023 |trans-title=Women of the Third Reich |publisher=[[Université Laval]] |location=Quebec City, Quebec |s2cid=176946709 |language=French |issn=0838-4479 |oclc=5962011730))
*((cite magazine |last1=National Woman's Party |author-link=National Woman's Party |title=New Members of the International Council |magazine=Equal Rights |date=21 August 1926 |volume=13 |issue=27 |page=5 |url=https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3896931?account_id=196403&usage_group_id=1338161 |access-date=9 January 2023 |publisher=National Woman's Party, US |location=Washington, D.C. |oclc=699796424))((subscription required| via=[[Alexander Street Press|ASP: Women and Social Movements]]))
*((cite magazine |last1=National Woman's Party |author-link=National Woman's Party |title=Notes of the Week: The Vienna Frauenklub |magazine=Equal Rights |date=11 August 1923 |volume=1 |issue=26 |page=2 |url=https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3834344?account_id=196403&usage_group_id=1338161 |access-date=9 January 2023 |publisher=National Woman's Party, US |location=Washington, D.C. |oclc=699796424))((subscription required| via=[[Alexander Street Press|ASP: Women and Social Movements]]))
*((cite book |last1=Oesch |first1=Corinna |editor1-last=Bianchi |editor1-first=Bruna |editor2-last=Ludbrook |editor2-first=Geraldine |title=Living War, Thinking Peace (1914–1924): Women's Experiences, Feminist Thought, and International Relations |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/53184555.pdf |date=2016 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |location=Newcastle upon Tyne, UK |chapter=9. Economics and Peace: Yella Hertzka (1873–1948) |pages=153–168 |isbn=978-1-4438-8684-0))
*((cite journal |last1=Oesch |first1=Corinna |title=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948). Eine Auto/Biographie von Beziehungen |journal=Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften |date=April 2008 |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=118–144 |doi=10.25365/oezg-2008-19-2-6 |url=https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/oezg/article/view/3936/3680 |access-date=8 January 2023 |trans-title=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948): An Auto/Biography of Relationships |publisher=[[University of Vienna]] |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |issn=1016-765X))
*((cite book |last1=Oesch |first1=Corinna |editor1-last=Bergler |editor1-first=Sabine |editor2-last=Messinger |editor2-first=Irene |editor3-last=Somers |editor3-first=Nick |title=Verfolgt, Verlobt, Verheiratet: Scheinehen ins Exil / Persecuted. Engaged. Married: Marriages of Convenience in Exile |date=2018 |publisher=Jüdisches Museum der Stadt Wien |location=Vienna, Austria |edition=1. Auflage |chapter=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948). Scheinehe, Flucht und Exil einer Frauenrechtlerin im Nationalsozialismus / Yella Hertzka (1873–1948). Sham Marriage, Escape and Exile of a Women's Rights Activist under National Socialism |pages=118–125 |isbn=978-3-901398-85-8)) 
*((cite book |last1=Oesch |first1=Corinna |editor1-last=Erker |editor1-first=Linda |editor2-last=Salzmann |editor2-first=Alexander |editor3-last=Dreidemy |editor3-first=Lucile |editor4-last=Sabo |editor4-first=Klaudija |title=Update! Perspektiven der Zeitgeschichte |url=https://www.academia.edu/43046443 |date=2012 |publisher=Studien Verlag |location=Innsbruck, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Update! Perspectives of Contemporary History |chapter=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948). Transnationale Handlungsräume und Vernetzungen [Yella Hertzka (1873–1948): Transnational Spaces of Action and Networks] |pages=509–514 |isbn=978-3-7065-5131-1)) 
*((cite journal |last1=Overy |first1=Richard |title=Pacifism and the Blitz, 1940–1941 |journal=[[Past & Present (journal)|Past & Present]] |date=May 2013 |volume=219 |issue=219 |pages=201–236 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24543605 |access-date=11 January 2023 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford, Oxfordshire |doi=10.1093/pastj/gtt005 |jstor=24543605 |issn=0031-2746 |oclc=7973315707))
*((cite book |last1=Paull |first1=John |editor1-last=Campbell |editor1-first=Andrew H. |title=Global Leadership Initiatives for Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sX5TDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR1 |date=2018 |publisher=IGI Global |location=Hershey, Pennsylvania |chapter=12. The Women Who Tried to Stop the Great War: The International Congress of Women at The Hague 1915 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/36546779 |pages=249–266 |isbn=978-1-5225-4994-9)) 
*((cite web |last1=Prokop |first1=Ursula |title=Hans Adolf Vetter |url=http://www.architektenlexikon.at/de/664.htm |website=Architektenlexikon Wien 1770-1945 |publisher=[[Architekturzentrum Wien]] |access-date=9 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116181112/http://www.architektenlexikon.at/de/664.htm |archive-date=16 November 2022 |location=Vienna, Austria |language=German |date=16 February 2007 |url-status=live))
*((cite book |last1=Sekler |first1=Eduard F. |translator-last=Maass |translator-first=John |title=Josef Hoffmann: The Architectural Work: Monograph and Catalogue of Works |url=https://archive.org/details/josefhoffmannarc0000sekl/page/140/mode/1up |date=1985 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, New Jersey |isbn=978-0-691-06572-4))
*((cite journal |last1=Shuler |first1=Marjorie |author-link=Marjorie Shuler |title=Half Hours with Interesting Women: Democracy and Its Job |journal=[[The Woman Citizen]] |date=13 November 1920 |volume=5 |issue=24 |page=658 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_womans-journal_1920-11-13_5_24/page/n9/mode/1up |access-date=10 January 2023 |publisher=[[National American Woman Suffrage Association]] |location=New York, New York |oclc=428437661))
*((cite web |last1=Stuhlpfarrer |first1=Anna |title=The Austrian Werkbund |url=https://www.werkbundsiedlung-wien.at/en/background/the-austrian-werkbund |website=Werkbundsiedlung Wien |publisher=WISEG Wiener Substanzerhaltungsg.m.b.H. & Co KG |access-date=9 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529043753/https://www.werkbundsiedlung-wien.at/en/background/the-austrian-werkbund |archive-date=29 May 2022 |location=Vienna, Austria |date=2013 |url-status=live))
*((cite journal |ref=((harvid|''Austrian Information''|1948))|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Famous Music Publisher Dies |journal=Austrian Information |date=10 December 1948 |volume=1 |issue=8 |pages=99–10 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_austrian-information_1948-12-10_1_8/page/n16/mode/1up |access-date=10 January 2023 |publisher=Consulate-General of Austria |location=New York, New York))
*((cite news |ref=((harvid|''The Christian Science Monitor''|1927))|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Teaching Girls Landscape Gardening in Vienna School |url=https://archive.org/details/per_christian-science-monitor_1927-04-01_19_106/page/n9/mode/1up |access-date=10 January 2023 |work=[[The Christian Science Monitor]] |issue=106 |volume=19 |date=1 April 1927 |location=Boston, Massachusetts |page=8))
*((cite web |ref=((harvid|WILPF|2021))|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=WILPF Austria: Then and Now! |url=https://www.wilpf.org/wilpf-austria-then-and-now/ |website=WILPF |access-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723080736/https://www.wilpf.org/wilpf-austria-then-and-now/ |archive-date=23 July 2022 |location=Geneva, Switzerland |date=2021 |url-status=live))
((refend))

==Further reading==
*((cite book |last1=Oesch |first1=Corinna |title=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948) Vernetzungen und Handlungsräume in der österreichischen und internationalen Frauenbewegung |date=2014 |publisher=Studien Verlag |location=Innsbruck, Austria |language=German |trans-title=Yella Hertzka (1873–1948) Networks and Scope of Action in the Austrian and International Women's Movement |isbn=978-3-7065-5344-5))

((authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Hertzka, Yella))
[[Category:1873 births]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Vienna]]
[[Category:Horticulturists|Austrian Horticulturists]]
[[Category:Austrian pacifists]]
[[Category:Austrian women activists]]
[[Category:Austrian women's rights activists]]
[[Category:Jewish women activists]]
[[Category:Music publishers (people)]]
[[Category:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom people]]

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Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Cslist (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Detect singular (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Footnotes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/whitelist (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:List (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:ParameterCount (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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