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((Short description|French writer (1925–2006)))
((More citations needed|date=August 2023))
((Infobox person
| name        = Youenn Gwernig
| image       = Youenn Gwernig05.JPG
| caption     = Gwernig performing in Brittany 
| birth_date  = ((birth date|1925|05|10|df=yes))
| birth_place = 
| death_date  = ((death date and age|2006|08|29|1925|05|10|df=yes))
| death_place = 
| occupation  = 
| spouse      = 
| website     = 
))

'''Youenn Gwernig''' (10 May 1925 – 29 August 2006; born in [[Scaër]], [[Douarnenez]]) was a [[Breton American|Breton-American]] poet, writer and singer. He was a painter, sculptor and a TV presenter on the French channel [[France 3]].

He was born in 1925 in the town of Scaër ([[Brittany]]). He moved to the [[United States]] in the late 1950s and became an American citizen. He returned to [[Brittany]] in the late 60s. Influenced by traditional Breton culture, American pop culture and the [[Beat Generation]] he knew through his friendship with [[Jack Kerouac]], he wrote poetry and songs in [[Breton language|Breton]] and English.

==Life==

He was born in 1925, into a traditional Breton family, in Scaër. He first worked as a wood sculptor. In the early 1950s he met the Breton poet and singer [[Glenmor]], with whom he set a music band called Breizh a gan ("Brittany sings" in Breton language) which was the first cultural Breton band after [[World War II]]. This band set an operetta called ''Genovefa'' ("Genevieve" in Breton).

He went to the US in 1957 because of the poverty in Brittany as he explained in his song ''Tap da sac'h 'ta'' ("Keep your bag so"). From 1961, he regularly visited the West Side neighbourhood of [[New York City]] and met the Beat Generation writers there. He became a friend of Jack Kerouac and lived in the [[Bronx]], where he wrote some bilingual poems in Breton and in English about New York or his nostalgy of Brittany in an American big city, as ''Un dornad plu'' ("A handful of feathers", 1961) or ''War ribl ar stêr Harlem'' ("On the bank of Harlem river", August 1963). In 1968, he wrote a poems' collection called ''New York City blues''<ref>Published in the 1997's edition od ''Un dornad plu''</ref> in which there are poems about some places in New York and the way he saw them as ''125vet straed'' ("125th street"), ''Uptown-Downtown'' or ''El barrio''. In the 1997's Al Liamm edition of ''Un dornad plu'', Youenn Gwernig explained why he used to write his poems in Breton and to translate them in English :

''"Meeting with Jack Kerouac in 1965, for instance, was a decisive turn. Since he could not speak Breton he asked me : "Would you not write some of your poems in English, I'd really like to read them !..." So I wrote an Diri Dir - Stairs of Steel for him, and kept on doing so. That's why I often write my poems in Breton, French and English."''<ref>''Un dornad plu'', Youenn Gwernig, Al Liamm, 1997, page 10.</ref>

He used to send his poems to the Breton library [[Al Liamm]].

He returned to Brittany in 1969 with his wife (Suzig) and his daughters (Annaïg, Gwenola and Marie).((sfn|Gorgiard|2008|p=48)) He released his first disc in 1971. He released the album ''Distro ar Gelted'' ("Come back the Celtic people") in 1974. He became famous with his song ''E-kreiz an noz'' ("In the middle of the night")<ref>Jacques Vassal, ''La chanson bretonne'', Albin Michel, 1980, p. 101</ref>

He wrote a novel in French in 1982, ''La grande tribu'' ("The great tribe" in French language), where he described his life in the USA. His poetry was issued in 1972 (''An toull en nor'') and in 1976 (''An diri dir'').

In the 1970s, he created the ''Radio télé Brezhoneg'' ("Breton language Broadcasting") association which aimed to stand up for the Breton language on TV. He also hosted Breton emissions in the 1990s, with the singer [[Nolwenn Korbell]] for instance.

In 1990 his album ''Emañ ar bed va iliz'' ("The world is my church") was released. In 2002, a second novel, ''Appelez-moi ange'' ("Call me angel" in French Language), was issued. He died in 2006.

== Discography ==

[[Image:Youenn Gwernig.jpg|thumb|upright|Youenn Gwernig singing]]
* 1971 : ''Les bougnoules - Gavotte du joint'' ("The Arabs - The Joint's dance" in french)
* 1973 : ''Ni hon unan! - Tap da sac'h'' ("We, ourselves ! - Get your bag" in Breton)
* 1974 : ''Distro ar Gelted'' ("Come back the Celt people" in Breton), LP Arfolk
* 1975 : ''E-kreiz an noz'' ("In the middle of the night" in Breton), LP Velia
* 1979 : ''Youenn Gwernig'', Private People, LP
* 1990 : ''Emañ ar bed va iliz'' ("The world is my church" in Breton), CD
* 1994 : ''Foeter Bro / Just a traveller / Compagnon de route'', CD<ref>[http://www.mtv.com/artists/youenn-gwernig/discography/ Youenn Gwernig's discography on MTV]</ref>
* 2003 : ''Identity'', Coop Breizh (Best of)

== Books==

* ''An toull en nor'' (bilingual breton-english, litt. ''The door's hole''), Ar Majenn éditions, 1972.
* ''An diri dir / Les escaliers d’acier / Stairs of steel'' (trilingual Breton-French-English), Ar Majenn éditions, 1976.
* ''La grande tribu'', (French, ''The great Tribe'') Grasset,1982.
* ''Un dornad plu / A handful of feathers'' (Breton and English), [[Al Liamm]], 1997.
* ''Appelez-moi Ange'' (French, ''Call me angel'') ), Blanc Silex, 2002.<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Appelez-moi-Ange-French-Youenn-Gwernig/dp/2913969593/ref=la_B004N6WEC4_1_1/177-2334506-3537757?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1388235568&sr=1-1 Youenn Gwernig's books on Amazon]</ref>
* ''Kerouac city blues'' with Jacques Josse, Daniel Biga, Alain Jégou...

==Notes==

<references/>

===Bibliography===
* ((citation |language=fr |first1=Ronan |last1=Gorgiard |title=L'étonnante scène musicale bretonne |location=Plomelin |publisher=Palantines |series=Culture et patrimoine |year=2008 |isbn=978-2-911434-98-3))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Gwernig, Youenn))
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:Writers from Brittany]]
[[Category:Poets from Brittany]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Finistère]]
[[Category:American people of Breton descent]]
[[Category:Breton-language singers]]
[[Category:French male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century French poets]]
[[Category:20th-century French male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century French male writers]]
[[Category:French emigrants to the United States]]

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