Zagazig الزقازيق
City
Overview of the city of Zagazig
Zagazig Location within Egypt
Coordinates: 30°34′N 31°30′E / 30.567°N 31.500°E / 30.567; 31.500
Country	Egypt
Governorate	Sharqia
Founded	1830
Area [1]
• Total	14.0 km2 (5.4 sq mi)
Elevation [1]	16 m (52 ft)
Population  (2021)[1]
• Total	430,445
• Density	31,000/km2 (80,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
Area code	+(20) 55

Zagazig (Arabic: الزقازيق az-Zaqāzīq  Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ez.zæʔæˈziːʔ], rural: [ez.zæɡæˈziːɡ]) is a city in Egypt. Situated in the eastern part of the Nile delta, it is the capital of the governorate of Sharqia.

It is located on the Muweis Canal and is a hub of the corn and cotton trade. There is a museum of antiquities, the Sharkeya National Museum (sometimes called the Amed Orabi Museum, at Herriat Raznah) that contains many important archaeological exhibits (currently closed for restoration).^[2]

Zagazig University, one of the largest universities in Egypt, is also located in the city, with colleges in different fields of science and arts. The Archaeological Museum of the University of Zagazig exhibits significant finds from the nearby sites, Bubastis (Tell Basta) and Kufur Nigm.^[3]

Zagazig is the birthplace of famous Coptic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic, Salama Moussa, and famous Egyptian songwriter Morsi Gameel Aziz.

The most notable streets in Zagazig are Farouk Street, Government Street, Abu Hamad and El Kawmia Street.

History

The city was founded in the 19th century on the site of a village called Nazlat az-Zaqāzīq which was named after the Zaqzuq family.^[4] The family's name itself comes from a dialectal word zaqzuq or ziqziq which means "a small creature" (e.g. a fish or a mouse)^[5] and comes from a Coptic word ϫⲉⲕϫⲓⲕ "ant or other insect".^[6][7]

The ruins of the ancient Egyptian city of Bubastis are located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southeast of town. Bubastis was the ancient capital of the 18th nome, and is home to the feast celebrating the cat goddess Bastet.

Bubastis is the Greek version of the Egyptian language name Pr-Bastet "House [Temple] of Bastet". Bubastis became the capital of Egypt in the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties. There are remains of the temples built by Osorkon II and Nectanebo II. Catacombs where the sacred cats were buried are located behind the remains of an Old Kingdom chapel from the period of Pepi I Meryre.

Geography

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh), as the rest of Egypt.

Notable people

• The Abaza Family, the largest family in Sharqia and Egypt's largest Circassian community.^[9][10]
• Abdelhalim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor
• Ahmed Orabi, colonel who led the revolt against the British in 1882
• Carmen Suleiman, singer
• Mohamed Morsi, the fifth president of Egypt
• Salama Moussa, Coptic Egyptian journalist, philosopher and social critic
• Ahmed Zaki, actor
• John Traicos, International cricketer of Greek origin
• Rushdy Abaza, actor
• Fekry Pasha Abaza, journalist and political activist