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((Other uses))
((Distinguish|Zelenogradsk|Zelenogradsky District))
((More citations needed|date=March 2012))
((Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Zelenograd
|ru_name=Зеленоград
|image_skyline=Collage Zelenograd.jpg
|image_caption=Views of Zelenograd
|image_map= ((Russia district OSM map))
|map_caption= 
|map_label_position=
|pushpin_map = Moscow#European Russia#Europe
|coordinates = ((coord|55|59|52|N|37|11|25|E|display=inline,title))
|image_flag=Flag of Zelenograd (Moscow).svg
|flag_caption=
|image_coa=Zelenograd district of Moscow coa.png
|coa_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
<!----ADMINISTRATIVE STATUS---->
|federal_subject=[[Moscow]]
|federal_subject_ref=
|adm_data_as_of=
|adm_city_jur=[[Moscow]]
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="MosTerDiv">Law of the city of Moscow #13-47 of July 5, 1995 ''[http://www.businesspravo.ru/Docum/DocumShow_DocumID_103804.html On Territorial Division of the City of Moscow]'' with subsequent amendments ((in lang|ru))</ref>
|inhabloc_cat=City
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="MosTerDiv" />
|inhabloc_type=[[Administrative okrugs of Moscow|Administrative okrug]] of Moscow
|inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="MosTerDiv" />
<!----MUNICIPAL STATUS---->
|leader_title=Prefect
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="PrefectPage">[http://www.zelao.ru/4/17/74/ Prefect Page. Official website of Zelenograd Administrative Okrug] ((in lang|ru))</ref>
|leader_name=Anatoly Smirnov
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="PrefectPage" />
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
<!----STATISTICS---->
|area_km2=37.22
|area_km2_ref=<ref>[http://www.zelao.ru/3/16/63/ Zelenograd Location. Official website of Zelenograd Administrative Okrug] ((in lang|ru))</ref>
|pop_2010census=221712
|pop_2002census_rank=
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">((ru-pop-ref|2010Census))</ref>
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
<!----HISTORY---->
|established_date=March&nbsp;3, 1958
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=January&nbsp;15, 1963
|current_cat_date_ref=
<!----MISCELLANEA---->
|postal_codes=124xxx
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=(495), (499)
|dialing_codes_ref=<ref>The same as [[Moscow]] dialing codes</ref>
|website=http://zelao.mos.ru
))

'''Zelenograd''' (((lang-ru|Зеленоград)), ((IPA-ru|zʲɪlʲɪnɐˈgrat|IPA)), ((lit|green city))) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] and [[administrative divisions of Moscow|administrative okrug]] of [[Moscow]], [[Russia]].<ref name="MosTerDiv" /> The city of Zelenograd and the territory under its jurisdiction form the '''Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug''' ('''ZelAO'''), an [[exclave]] located within [[Moscow Oblast]], ((convert|37|km|sp=us)) north-west of central Moscow, along the [[M10 highway (Russia)|M10 highway]]. Zelenograd is the smallest administrative okrug of Moscow by area, the second-lowest by population, and the largest Moscow exclave by area and by population within Moscow Oblast.<ref name="MosTerDiv" /> Zelenograd, if it were a separate settlement, would be the fifth-largest city in Moscow Oblast and one of the 100 [[List of cities and towns in Russia by population|largest cities of Russia]]. Before the expansion of the territory of Moscow in 2012, Zelenograd occupied second place among the administrative okrugs of Moscow, second only to the [[Eastern Administrative Okrug]], in terms of the share of greenery in its total area (approximately 30%).

Zelenograd was founded in 1958 as a [[new town]] in the [[Soviet Union]], and developed as a center of [[electronics]], [[microelectronics]] and the [[computer industry]] known as the "Soviet/Russian [[Silicon Valley]]". It remains an important center of electronics in Russia. The city color is [[green]] and its emblematic animal is the [[Eurasian red squirrel|squirrel]].((Historical populations|9=1970|10=98000|11=1979|12=141000|13=1989|14=159000|15=2002|16=215727|17=2010|18=221712|19=2021|20=256775|type=|footnote=Source: Census data))

==History==
Zelenograd was founded in 1958 as an unnamed [[planned city]] near the village and railway station of Kryukovo on a previously empty, forested place, and its architecture and civic layout yields to one general [[architectural plan]] (chief architects Igor Rozhin (1956–1963), then Igor Pokrovsky (1963–2002)), which has appreciable influence from the [[garden city movement]], the development of the [[Tapiola]] district in Finland, and [[new towns in the United Kingdom]] ([[Harlow]] and others).

The city was planned as a center of the [[textile industry]] initially, but in 1962, Alexander Shokin (Chairman of State Committee of Electronic Technology, then first Minister of Electronic Technology) proposed to change the line of future city business to electronics. Some researchers of Soviet electronics history mentioned that a similar idea was proposed to the Soviet government by two fugitive Silicon Valley engineers - [[Alfred Sarant]] (more known in Russia as ''Philip Staros'') and [[Joel Barr]] (''Joseph Berg'').

On January 15, 1963, the city received official [[city status]] and name ''Zelenograd'', and on November 25, 1968, Zelenograd received the status of [[Administrative divisions of Moscow|district of Moscow]] (one of the 30 districts) simultaneously.

In 1988, Zelenograd incorporated the former village of [[Kryukovo District|Kryukovo]], one of the important sites during the [[Battle of Moscow]] (October 1941&nbsp;– January 1942). Several monuments to the Defenders of Moscow and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War are located in Zelenograd and the surrounding area, the most famous of which is the [[Shtyki Memorial|''Shtyki'' Memorial]], from which the remains of [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Moscow)|the Unknown Soldier]] were taken for reinterment at the [[Kremlin Wall]] in the [[Alexander Garden]] in Moscow.

Before 1989, Zelenograd was a de facto [[closed city]] in some aspects: it was prohibited to take photos in the central parts of the city, near the plants, teaching and research facilities, and foreigners were not admitted into the city.

In 1991, Zelenograd was reformed in one of the administrative okrugs of Moscow.

==Geography==
The [[Skhodnya River]] originates near the village of Alabushevo (one of settlements, which are under Zelenograd jurisdiction) and forms two ponds within the precincts of city - Small and Large City Pond.

===Administrative divisions===
Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug is divided into five districts:
*[[Matushkino District|Matushkino]] (((lang|ru|Матушкино))), previously District #1: 1st, 2nd, and 4th microdistricts, North Industrial Zone
*[[Savyolki District|Savyolki]] (((lang|ru|Савёлки))), previously District #2: 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th microdistricts, East Utility Zone, ''Nazar'evo'' village
*[[Staroye Kryukovo District|Staroye Kryukovo]] (((lang|ru|Старое Крюково))), previously District #3: 8th and 9th microdistricts, South Industrial Zone, north part of ''Malino'' settlement
*[[Silino District|Silino]] (((lang|ru|Силино))), previously District #4: 10th, 11th, and 12th microdistricts, West and Alabushevo Industrial Zones
*[[Kryukovo District|Kryukovo]] (((lang|ru|Крюково))): 14th-23rd microdistricts (21st one is scheduled only), Andreevka Utility Zone, Malino Industrial Zone, south part of ''Malino'' settlement, ''Kamenka'', ''Kutuzovo'', ''Novo-Malino'', and ''Rozhki'' villages

The first four districts (about 2/3 area and population) are unofficially formed ''Old City'', and Kryukovo District (separated by [[Saint Petersburg – Moscow Railway]]) is unofficially named ''New City''. The most of postal address in city has no name of street or square - the most of buildings have only 3- or 4-digit number: the first one or two digits are number of [[microdistrict]], the last two ones are number of building within microdistrict borders. There is [[Triskaidekaphobia|no 13th microdistrict]] in Zelenograd.

==Economy==
===Industries===
((unreferenced section|date=March 2012))
Zelenograd is home to the [[National Research University of Electronic Technology]] (MIET).

Zelenograd was the headquarters of [[Sitronics]] Concerne since its founding in 1997 until 2005 (when its headquarters moved to Moscow) and Zelenograd is the headquarters of [[Mikron Group|Mikron]] and [[Angstrem (company)|Angstrem]] - both largest Russian [[integrated circuit]] manufacturers.

Zelenograd is one of technical-innovative type [[Special economic zone]]s. Since December 21, 2005 SEZ "Zelenograd" officially consists of 2 areas: Area "Alabushevo" (141.87 ha), a main area for new plants and research centers; and Area "MIET" (4.47 ha), a technology park (mostly MIET spin-off enterprises).

==Sports==
A local football team ''[[FC Zelenograd|Zelenograd]]'' (nicknamed Zelyono-Belye, or Green-Whites) was founded in 2002 and in 2007-2010 had been playing in the [[Russian Second Division]]. A local rugby team ''Zelenograd'' was founded in 2006 and played in Russian Rugby Championship 2008 (but it could not get to Championship 2009).

==Gallery==
((Gallery
|title=
|width=230 | height=160 |footer=
|File:Zelenograd - Shtyki Memorial.JPG|The ''Shtyki'' (Bayonets) memorial complex
|File:Zelenograd - MIET.jpg|[[Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology]] (MIET)
|File:Zelenograd - Victory Park Fountains.jpg|Cascade of fountains in the Park of [[Victory Day (Eastern Europe)|Victory]] ([[Savyolki District]])
|File:Церковь Николая Чудотворца в Зеленограде.jpg|St. Nicholas Church
|File:Zelenograd city. (3421338182).jpg|City Pond
))

==Sister cities==
*((Flagicon|United States)) [[Tulsa]] ([[Oklahoma]], [[United States]])
*((Flagicon|Germany)) [[Unterschleißheim]] ([[Bavaria]], [[Germany]])

==Patronized ships==
*Landing ship ''[[Russian ship Tsezar Kunikov|Tsezar Kunikov]]'', Black Sea Fleet (since 1998)
*Nuclear submarine ''((Interlanguage link|Zelenograd (submarine)|ru|3=Зеленоград (подводная лодка)|lt=Zelenograd))'', Pacific Ocean Fleet (1998–2010, retired)
*Supply ship ''[[Berezina (supply ship)|Berezina]]'', Black Sea Fleet (1995–1997, retired)

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug|Zelenograd))
*[http://zelao.mos.ru Official website of Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug] ((in lang|ru))

((Administrative divisions of Moscow))
((Authority control))

((Use mdy dates|date=July 2012))

[[Category:Zelenograd| ]]
[[Category:Administrative okrugs of Moscow]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1958]]
[[Category:Naukograds]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Moscow (federal city)]]

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