Bapak Pendiri Amerika Serikat adalah tokoh-tokoh Tiga Belas Koloni Britania di Amerika Utara yang memimpin Revolusi Amerika Serikat melawan kekuasaan Kerajaan Britania Raya dan mendirikan Amerika Serikat. Istilah ini juga ditafsirkan lebih sempit sehingga hanya mencakup penandatangan Deklarasi Kemerdekaan 1776 atau delegasi Konvensi Konstitusi 1787 dan terlibat dalam perumusan Konstitusi Amerika Serikat. Daftarnya juga mencakup penandatangan Asosiasi Kontinental atau Pasal-Pasal Konfederasi.[2] Sepanjang abad ke-19, mereka disebut "Pendiri" atau "Bapak".
Sejumlah sejarawan mengartikan "Bapak Pendiri" sebagai kelompok besar yang mencakup tidak hanya Penandatangan dan Perumus, tetapi juga terlibat dalam perjuangan kemerdekaan Amerika Serikat dan pembentukan Amerika Serikat seperti politikus, hakim, negarawan, tentara, diplomat, dan warga sipil.[3] Sejarawan Richard B. Morris pada tahun 1973 mengidentifikasi tujuh tokoh berikut sebagai Bapak Pendiri utama: John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, dan George Washington.[4] Adams, Jefferson, dan Franklin mengerjakan draf Deklarasi Kemerdekaan. Hamilton, Madison, dan Jay menulis The Federalist Papers yang mendukung ratifikasi Konstitusi. Washington memimpin pasukan revolusi. Semua tokoh tersebut pernah memegang jabatan penting di pemerintahan pertama Amerika Serikat.
Singkatan berikut dipakai di tabel di bawah ini: CA = Asosiasi Kontinental (1774) • DI = Deklarasi Kemerdekaan (1776) AC = Pasal-Pasal Konfederasi (1777) • USC = Konstitusi Amerika Serikat (1787) |
Nama | Provinsi/Negara bagian | CA | DI | AC | USC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andrew Adams | Connecticut | Ya | |||
John Adams | Massachusetts | Ya | Ya | ||
Samuel Adams | Massachusetts | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
Thomas Adams | Virginia | Ya | |||
John Alsop | New York | Ya | |||
Abraham Baldwin | Georgia | Ya | |||
John Banister | Virginia | Ya | |||
Josiah Bartlett | New Hampshire | Ya | Ya | ||
Richard Bassett | Delaware | Ya | |||
Gunning Bedford, Jr. | Delaware | Ya | |||
David Brearley | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Edward Biddle | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
John Blair | Virginia | Ya | |||
Richard Bland | Virginia | Ya | |||
William Blount | North Carolina | Ya | |||
Simon Boerum | New York | Ya | |||
Carter Braxton | Virginia | Ya | |||
Jacob Broom | Delaware | Ya | |||
Pierce Butler | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Charles Carroll of Carrollton | Maryland | Ya | |||
Daniel Carroll | Maryland | Ya | Ya | ||
Richard Caswell | North Carolina | Ya | |||
Samuel Chase | Maryland | Ya | Ya | ||
Abraham Clark | New Jersey | Ya | |||
William Clingan | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
George Clymer | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
John Collins | Rhode Island | Ya | |||
Stephen Crane | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Thomas Cushing | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
Francis Dana | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
Jonathan Dayton | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Silas Deane | Connecticut | Ya | |||
John De Hart | New Jersey | Ya | |||
John Dickinson | Delaware | Ya | Ya | ||
Pennsylvania | Ya | ||||
William Henry Drayton | South Carolina | Ya | |||
James Duane | New York | Ya | Ya | ||
William Duer | New York | Ya | |||
Eliphalet Dyer | Connecticut | Ya | |||
William Ellery | Rhode Island | Ya | Ya | ||
William Few | Georgia | Ya | |||
Thomas Fitzsimons | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
William Floyd | New York | Ya | Ya | ||
Nathaniel Folsom | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
Benjamin Franklin | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
Christopher Gadsden | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Joseph Galloway | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Elbridge Gerry | Massachusetts | Ya | Ya | ||
Nicholas Gilman | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
Nathaniel Gorham | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
Button Gwinnett | Georgia | Ya | |||
Lyman Hall | Georgia | Ya | |||
Alexander Hamilton | New York | Ya | |||
John Hancock | Massachusetts | Ya | Ya | ||
John Hanson | Maryland | Ya | |||
Cornelius Harnett | North Carolina | Ya | |||
Benjamin Harrison | Virginia | Ya | Ya | ||
John Hart | New Jersey | Ya | |||
John Harvie | Virginia | Ya | |||
Patrick Henry | Virginia | Ya | |||
Joseph Hewes | North Carolina | Ya | Ya | ||
Thomas Heyward, Jr. | South Carolina | Ya | Ya | ||
Samuel Holten | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
William Hooper | North Carolina | Ya | Ya | ||
Francis Hopkinson | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Stephen Hopkins | Rhode Island | Ya | Ya | ||
Titus Hosmer | Connecticut | Ya | |||
Charles Humphreys | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Samuel Huntington | Connecticut | Ya | Ya | ||
Richard Hutson | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Jared Ingersoll | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
John Jay | New York | Ya | |||
Thomas Jefferson | Virginia | Ya | |||
Thomas Johnson | Maryland | Ya | |||
William Samuel Johnson | Connecticut | Ya | |||
Rufus King | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
James Kinsey | New Jersey | Ya | |||
John Langdon | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
Edward Langworthy | Georgia | Ya | |||
Henry Laurens | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Francis Lightfoot Lee | Virginia | Ya | Ya | ||
Richard Henry Lee | Virginia | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
Francis Lewis | New York | Ya | Ya | ||
Philip Livingston | New York | Ya | Ya | ||
William Livingston | New Jersey | Ya | Ya | ||
James Lovell | Massachusetts | Ya | |||
Isaac Low | New York | Ya | |||
Thomas Lynch | South Carolina | Ya | Ya | ||
Henry Marchant | Rhode Island | Ya | |||
James Madison | Virginia | Ya | |||
John Mathews | South Carolina | Ya | |||
James McHenry | Maryland | Ya | |||
Thomas McKean | Delaware | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
Arthur Middleton | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Henry Middleton | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Thomas Mifflin | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
Gouverneur Morris | New York | Ya | |||
Pennsylvania | Ya | ||||
Lewis Morris | New York | Ya | |||
Robert Morris | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
John Morton | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
Thomas Nelson, Jr. | Virginia | Ya | |||
William Paca | Maryland | Ya | Ya | ||
Robert Treat Paine | Massachusetts | Ya | Ya | ||
William Paterson | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Edmund Pendleton | Virginia | Ya | |||
John Penn | North Carolina | Ya | Ya | ||
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Charles Pinckney | South Carolina | Ya | |||
Peyton Randolph | Virginia | Ya | |||
George Reed | Delaware | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
Joseph Reed | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Daniel Roberdeau | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Caesar Rodney | Delaware | Ya | Ya | ||
George Ross | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
Benjamin Rush | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Edward Rutledge | South Carolina | Ya | |||
John Rutledge | South Carolina | Ya | Ya | Ya | |
Nathaniel Scudder | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Roger Sherman | Connecticut | Ya | Ya | Ya | Ya |
James Smith | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Jonathan Bayard Smith | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Richard Smith | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Richard Dobbs Spaight | North Carolina | Ya | |||
Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer | Maryland | Ya | |||
Richard Stockton | New Jersey | Ya | |||
Thomas Stone | Maryland | Ya | |||
John Sullivan | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
George Taylor | Pennsylvania | Ya | |||
Edward Telfair | Georgia | Ya | |||
Matthew Thornton | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
Matthew Tilghman | Maryland | Ya | |||
Nicholas Van Dyke | Delaware | Ya | |||
George Walton | Georgia | Ya | |||
John Walton | Georgia | Ya | |||
Samuel Ward | Rhode Island | Ya | |||
George Washington | Virginia | Ya | Ya | ||
John Wentworth, Jr. | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
William Whipple | New Hampshire | Ya | |||
John Williams | North Carolina | Ya | |||
William Williams | Connecticut | Ya | |||
Hugh Williamson | North Carolina | Ya | |||
James Wilson | Pennsylvania | Ya | Ya | ||
Henry Wisner | New York | Ya | |||
John Witherspoon | New Jersey | Ya | Ya | ||
Oliver Wolcott | Connecticut | Ya | Ya | ||
George Wythe | Virginia | Ya |
Tokoh-tokoh berikut juga disebut sebagai bapak pendiri Amerika Serikat di berbagai sumber tepercaya.
Templat:Dokumen bersejarah Amerika Serikat