Longyan (simplifeed Cheenese: 龙岩; traditeeonal Cheenese: 龍岩; pinyin: Lóngyán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lêng-nâ; Hakka leid: Liùng-ngàm) is a prefectur-level ceety in soothwastren Fujian province, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae, borderin the provinces o Guangdong tae the sooth an Jiangxi tae the wast.
Geografie an climate
Longyan is situatit in the upper reaches o the Jiulong an Ting Rivers. Longyan borders on the municipalities Sanming tae the north, Quanzhou tae the east, Zhangzhou tae the sootheast, an the provinces o Jiangxi an Guangdong tae the wast an sooth respectively.
The ceety haes a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), wi short, mild winters, an lang, het an humid simmers. The monthly daily average temperatur ranges frae 11.6 °C (52.9 °F) in Januar tae 27.5 °C (81.5 °F) in Julie. Rainfaw is greatest in ware an early simmer an at its least in hairst an early winter.
| Climate data for Longyan
|
| Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
| Average heich °C (°F)
|
17
(62)
|
18
(64)
|
22
(71)
|
25
(77)
|
28
(83)
|
30
(86)
|
33
(92)
|
33
(91)
|
31
(88)
|
27
(81)
|
23
(73)
|
19
(67)
|
26
(78)
|
| Average law °C (°F)
|
6
(42)
|
8
(47)
|
13
(55)
|
16
(61)
|
20
(68)
|
22
(72)
|
23
(73)
|
23
(73)
|
22
(71)
|
16
(61)
|
12
(54)
|
8
(47)
|
16
(60)
|
| Average precipitation mm (inches)
|
52.9
(2.08)
|
110.3
(4.34)
|
199.3
(7.85)
|
229.9
(9.05)
|
286.5
(11.28)
|
274.1
(10.79)
|
125.2
(4.93)
|
172.6
(6.80)
|
134.6
(5.30)
|
52.6
(2.07)
|
46.3
(1.82)
|
34.0
(1.34)
|
1,718.3
(67.65)
|
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)
|
9.5
|
14.7
|
17.5
|
18.1
|
21.1
|
17.8
|
15.2
|
15.7
|
13.9
|
7.4
|
5.9
|
6.1
|
162.9
|
| Source #1: Weatherbase (Temperaturs) [3]
|
| Source #2: Weather.com.cn (Precipitation, 1971–2000)[4]
|
Demographics
The prefectur-level ceety o Longyan haed a population o 2,559,545 indwallers as o 2010, accordin tae the 2010 Naitional Census.[5] The population o Longyan in 2010 wis 4.65% inferior than in 2000 (when the indwallers o the ceety staund at 2,684,310), givin an average annual rate o growth o -0.47%.[5]
Admeenistration
The municipal executive, legislatur an judiciary are in Xinluo Destrict (新罗区), thegither wi the CPC an Public Security bureaux. The information aboot population uises the 2010 Census data.
| Inglis Name
|
Simplified
|
Tradeetional
|
Pinyin
|
Hakka
|
Aurie
|
Population
|
Density
|
| Xinluo Destrict
|
新罗区
|
新羅區
|
Xīnluó Qū
|
Sîn-lò-khî
|
2,685
|
662,429
|
247
|
| Zhangping Ceety
|
漳平市
|
漳平市
|
Zhāngpíng Shì
|
Chông-phìn-sṳ
|
2,975
|
240,194
|
81
|
| Changting Coonty
|
长汀县
|
長汀縣
|
Chángtīng Xiàn
|
Tshòng-tin-yen
|
3,099
|
393,390
|
127
|
| Yongding Coonty
|
永定县
|
永定縣
|
Yǒngdìng Xiàn
|
Yún-thin-yen
|
2,216
|
362,658
|
164
|
| Shanghang Coonty
|
上杭县
|
上杭縣
|
Shàngháng Xiàn
|
Sông-hông-yen
|
2,879
|
374,047
|
130
|
| Wuping Coonty
|
武平县
|
武平縣
|
Wǔpíng Xiàn
|
Vú-phìn-yen
|
2,630
|
278,182
|
106
|
| Liancheng Coonty
|
连城县
|
連城縣
|
Liánchéng Xiàn
|
Lièn-sàng-yen
|
2,596
|
248,645
|
96
|
History
In 736 AD, (the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)), the prefectur o Tingzhou wis established in wastren Fujian (or Minxi (闽西)), admeenisterin Changting, Huanglian an Xinluo coonties. Sax years later Xinluo wis named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic steid.
Due tae the auncient conflicts in central Cheenae an aggression frae northren tribes, mony Han fowk moved frae central Cheenae tae Longyan.
in 1734, the aurie wis designatit Longyan Prefectur bi the imperial coort. In 1913, it revertit tae its umwhile name Longyan Coonty an in 1981, Longyan Ceety wis established.
Minxi wis a strategic base durin the Cheenese Ceevil War.
It's said that tens o thoosands o fowk frae Longyan jyned the PLA durin the Cheenese Ceevil War, an nearly every faimily haed someane sacrificed lives on behalf o CCP side. Thare are mair nor 26,000 locals that teuk pairt in the Lang Mairch which in tot is carried oot bi 86,000. Mairower, durin 1955 an 1968, 68 fowk frae Longyan wur awairdit Brigadier General or abuin, which accoonts for 82% o aw generals frae Fujian province at the time, tharefore, Longyan is an aa named efter "The Home o Generals".[6]
Cultur
Longyan is famous for it as the "Home o Hakka Fowk", as Hakka fowk taks up 75% o entire population.[7] The ceety o Changting is eften referred tae as the home o the Hakka an the Ting River is kent as the "mither river" o the Hakka fowk. Onyway, Hoklo fowk in Xinluo an Zhangping speak Hokkien, while it is somewhit influenced bi the Hakka accent. Due tae the difference atween Hoklo cultur an Hakka's, thare is a diversity o tradeetions an values in Longyan.
Environment
Unlik mony Cheenese ceeties, the forest coverage o Longyan reaches an unusually heich 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian province.[7]
Economy
Longyan serves as a strategic center for the distribution o guids tae Xiamen, Quanzhou an Zhangzhou. It an aa acts as a gateway for trade wi Guangdong an Jiangxi province. It is the main connection atween the inland an coastal aurie.
Longyan is rich in naitural resoorces such as in important mineral deposits an forest zones. The Septwolves tobacco business is an important contributor tae the local economy, as is the Zijin Minin group. The lairgest construction equipment maker Lonking Hauldins is based in the ceety.
14.1%