Botswana | |
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Motto: Pula | |
Mošate and largest city | Gaborone 24°39.5′S 25°54.5′E / 24.6583°S 25.9083°E |
Diteme tsa semmusô | Sekgoa[1] |
National language | Setswana[1] |
Merafe ya Batho (2012[2]) |
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Sedumedi |
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Demonym(s) |
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Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency[4][5] |
• President | Mokgweetsi Masisi[6] |
• Vice-President | Slumber Tsogwane |
• National Assembly Speaker | Phandu Skelemani |
Legislature | National Assembly |
Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Established (Constitution) | 30 Lwêtse 1966 |
Fatshe | |
• Total | 581,730 km2 (224,610 sq mi)[7] (47th) |
• Water (%) | 2.7 |
Batho | |
• 2021 estimate | 2,588,423[8][9] (145th) |
• 2022 census | 2,346,179[10] |
• Bokete | 4.1/km2 (10.6/sq mi) (231st) |
GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $43.474 billion[11] (120) |
• Per capita | $19,287[11] (99) |
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $16.948 billion[11] (120) |
• Per capita | $7,519[12] (101) |
Gini (2015) | 53.3[13] high |
HDI (2019) | 0.735[14] high · 100th |
Madi | Pula (BWP) |
Time zone | UTC+2 (Central Africa Time[15]) |
Date format | yyyy-mm-dd dd/mm/yyyya |
Driving side | left |
Calling code | +267 |
Internet TLD | .bw |
Website http://www.gov.bw/ |
Lefatshe ja Botswana le kwa borwa jwa Aforika, ke lefatshe lê lê dikaganyêditswêng ke a mangwê, ka jalo ga le a bapa le lewatle. Pele ga le tsaya boipusô ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhôla masomemararo ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo maheramongwe, masomemarataro le metsomerataro (1966) mo go Enyelane le ne le bidiwa Bechuanaland. Lefatshe ja Botswana le dikaganyêditswê ke la Aforika Borwa kwa borwa-botlhaba go fitlha kwa borwa-bophirima, Namibia kwa bophirima, Zambia kwa bokône le Zimbabwe kwa bokône-botlhaba. Lefatshe lê lê bidiwa Botswana, le rêêlelwa ka bannibantsi ba lône eleng Batswana ka lotsô.
Pina ya setshaba ya Botswana ke fatshe lêno la rona, ê e tlhamilwêng ke Rre K T Motsete.
Madi a a dirisiwang kwa Botswana ke Pula.
Botswana ke lefatshe lê lê farologanyeng le mafatshe a mangwê mo Aforika. Morago ga pusô ya Enyelane, Botswana o ne a tsaya boipusô ka di-30 tsa Lwêtse 1966. Morago ga boipusô, lefatshe ja Botswana le ne la dirisanya mmôgô le pusô ya Enyelane go itlhabolola. Babusi ba Botswana ka nakô êo ba ne ba leka ka bojotlhê go ntsha Botswana mo tlalêng. Tomokoraga e nê ya busa lefatshe jêno e êtêlêtswe pele ke Serêtsê Khama, tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana.
Gompijêno Botswana ke lengwe ja mafatshe a a tlhabologang ka bofêfo mô lefatshing ka bophara. Ntswa mafatshe a mangwê mo Aforika a tshwênngwa ke tlala le tsê dingwe jaaka dintwa le tsiêtsôsetshaba, Botswana e sa e kgôna go fênya mmaba mô e bileng e bilêng sekai mo Aforika.
Lefatshe ja Botswana le ntse le nosiwa mêtse ke makalana a a farologaneng mô dingwagêng difetileng. Water Utilities Corporation e ntse e nosa ditorôpô le ditorôpôkgolo. Mô godimo ga môo, kômpône êno, e ntse e tshwaragane le Lephata ja Mêtse le Dikhansele tsa Dikgaolô ka bokete jwa mêtse go abiwa le mafelo a mangwê a lefatshe leno. Maikaêlêlô a Lenanêô ja go Dira Diphêtogô mô Mhamêng wa Mêtse ke go rarabolola ditsamaisô tsêno marara, go bêng jalo go nne bonôlô go isa mêtse kwa bathung.Eeng sê se tlamilêng gore go diragadiwê Lenanêô ja go Dira Diphêtogô mô Mhamêng wa Mêtse? Kanokô ya Lenanêôlegolo ja Setshaba ja Phatlalatsô Mêtse ja 2005-2006, le ne la re go diriwê diphêtogôdigolo mô mhamêng wa mêtse, mme dingwe tsa tsônê e le gore, go kgaoganngwê tsamaisô ya mhama wa mêtse le makalana a mangwê a a thusang ka ditirêlô. Morago ga dikanokô tsêo, ba ne ba gakolola gore Water Utilities Corporation e tsêyê tsamaisô yôtlhê ya go nosa lefatshe jêno[16].
E sale lefatshe ja Botswana le tsaya boipusô ka ngwaga wa 1966, le bilê le êtêlêtswê pele ke Phuthêgô ya Botswana Democratic Party ê, le mo bogompijênong, e ntseng e busa fela. Tautona ya lefatshe ja Botswana ke Rre Mokgwêêtsi Eric Keabêtswe Masisi, yô a amogilêng maêmô ana mô go Rre Ian Khama. Pusô ya lefatshe ja Botswana ke ya batho ka batho, mme sêno se raya gore mongwe le mongwe o na le tshwanêlô ya go tlhôpa phuthêgô e a akanyang gore e ka mo tswa mosola mô tsamaisông ya lefatshe a phuthologilê[17].Go kagisô ê e rênang lefatshe ka bophara mme sê se dire gore mafatshemantsi a batle go itsalanya le jônê. Batswana ka bontsi ke batho ba ba ratang go itse le gônê go tlhaloganya ka mafatshe a sele, jalo se baka tirisanyômmôgô fa gare ga mafatshe.
Ka nakô ya boipusô, lefatshe ja Botswana le bile le sena sesôlê sê se nitameng. E ne e le morago ga gore Masôlê a Rotesia le a Aforika Borwa a lwantshiwê ke mephatô ya ZIPRA le MK [14] mme Botswana Defence Force (BDF) ya tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa 1977[18]. Tautona ê nê e le molaodi wa sesôlè gape a le dithata tsa go ka êtêlêla lefatshe gape. Sesôlê sa Botswana se maloko a ka tshwara selekanyo sa 12,000.
Go latêla phetogô ya sepôlôtiki sa Aforika Borwa, sesôlê sa Botswana sa nê sa itlama go sirêlêtsa diphôlôgôlô tsa tlhôlêgê, go thusa batho ka nakô ya fa ba wêtswe ke dibetsa tsa tlhôlêgô, gape le go lêre kagisô. Lefatshe ja United States ke lengwe lê le thusang Botswana ka ditlhabololô, le sônê sesôlê sa Botswana, ka bontsi jwa basônê ba fiwa ithuthuntshô ke ba lefatshe ja U.S. Ithuthuntshô êna e tsêwa e le ya kônôkônô[19].
Teme ê e buiwang mô Botswana ke Setswana, ke sônê se golaganyang merafe ê farologanyeng go utlwana. Ka gore go merafe ê e farologanyeng, Botswana o nale diteme tsê dingwe tsê di buiwang ke merafe êo, jaaka:
Teme | Morafe |
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Sesarwa | Barwa |
Sekgôthu | Bakgôthu |
Sebirwa | Babirwa |
Sesubiya | Basubiya |
Sekalaka | Bakalaka |
Sekgalagadi | Bakgalagadi |
Sehambukushu | Bahambukushu |
Seherero | Baherero |
Sengwato | Bangwato |
Setswapong | Batswapong |
Botswana has a number of tribes across the country, collectively known as Batswana. The official language is English and Setswana is the national language, although there are other spoken languages.
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