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((Short description|Former labor camp for men during World war II))
((Coord|44.18|1.62|display=title))
((more citations needed|date=May 2019))
'''Camp of Septfonds''' was a [[labor camp]] for men before and during [[World War II]], located in southern [[France]] near [[Septfonds]], established in 1939, and run by the [[French Third Republic]] and the [[Vichy government]].<ref name=":0">((Cite web |title=Septfonds internment camp ((!)) Chemins de mémoire |url=https://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/septfonds-internment-camp |access-date=2023-03-19 |website=www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr))</ref>

The Moldovan-French photojournalist [[Isaac Kitrosser]] managed to continue as a photographer while interned at Septfonds. His photographs, including "Cérémonie juive dans le camp de Septfonds," were among the first published concentration camp photos after liberation in 1944.
<ref name="Musée1">((cite web |url=http://www.museedelaphoto.fr/?p=2961 |title= Musée français de la photographie, Histoires De Photographies |access-date=September 22, 2019))</ref>
<ref name="Musée2">((cite web |url=http://expositions.museedelaphoto.fr/regardeur/ficheprof.php?id_prof=52 |title=Le Camp de Septfonds par Kitrosser |last=Fuksa-Anselme |first=Elisa |website=Musée français de la photographie |access-date=September 22, 2019))</ref>

== History ==

=== Establishment and use against Spanish republicans ===
After the [[Catalonia Offensive|fall of Barcelona]] to the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalist forces]] on January 26, 1939, at the end of the [[Spanish Civil War]], a large number of [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Spanish Republicans]], persecuted for political reasons, left Catalonia, crossed the Pyrenees and sought shelter in France. The refugees were treated with hostility by the French government due to their [[Socialism|socialist]] and [[Anarchism|anarchist]] political leanings. The decision to open the Septfonds camp was taken by General Ménard on February 26, 1939 and on March 5, the first prisoners of the labor camp arrived.<ref name=":0" />

The living conditions were very harsh due to shortage of food supplies and lack of sanitation, hygiene, running water, heating and electricity, resulting in several deaths. However, the interns of the camp organized social, cultural and political activities.<ref name=":0" />

=== During World War II ===
On 1 March 1940, the camp started being used for defense purposes, specifically for the training of foreigners who joined the French army.<ref name=":0" />

From autumn of 1940, the Vichy government started using the camp as a prison for undesirables including republican Spaniards, Jews, communists, officers of the Allied army, Poles and people lacking official documentation. The living conditions remained harsh and many people were deported to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]]. The camp's prisoners were liberated in August 1944 by the [[French Resistance]]. Until May 1945 the camp was used as a detention center for suspected [[Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy|Nazi collaborators]].<ref name=":0" />

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* “Le Camp de Septfonds,” Musée français de la photographie, Histoires De Photographies [http://expositions.museedelaphoto.fr/regardeur/ficheprof.php?id_prof=52]
* “Cérémonie juive dans le camp de Septfonds,” Musée français de la photographie, Histoires De Photographies [http://www.museedelaphoto.fr/?p=2961]

((Vichy France))
((Authority control))

[[Category:French war crimes in World War II]]


((World-War-II-stub))
((France-geo-stub))

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