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((short description|Canadian politician))
((other people|John Wilson))
((Use Canadian English|date=January 2023))
((More citations needed|date=July 2023))

'''John Wilson''', ((Post-nominals|country=CAN|QC)) (February 5, 1807 &ndash; June 3, 1869) was an [[Ontario]] lawyer, judge and political figure. He shot and killed [[Robert Lyon (duellist)|Robert Lyon]] in what is believed to have been the last duel fought in Ontario and the last fatal duel in [[Canada]].<ref>Other sources, however, agree that it was the last duel in Ontario which was then known as [[Upper Canada]], but not the last fatal duel in what is now the country of Canada. For example, [[Radio Canada International]] and the ''[[Montreal Gazette]]'' refer to documents that state that the last fatal duel occurred  on 22 May 1838, in Quebec, then known as [[Lower Canada]], between British officer Major Henry Warde and lawyer Robert Sweeney; Warde was wounded and subsequently died.<br>((cite web|url=http://www.rcinet.ca/en/2014/06/13/the-last-duel-in-upper-canada/ |title=The last duel in Upper Canada |date=13 June 2014 |publisher=RCI |access-date= 13 June 2019 |quote=This was however not the last fatal duel in what is now Canada.))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=https://montrealgazette.com/sponsored/mtl-375th/from-the-archives-lady-rose-blossomed-after-scandal |title=From the archives: Lady Rose blossomed after scandal|date=June 13, 2014 |publisher=Montreal Gazette|access-date=June 13, 2019 |quote=They met early the following morning, May 22, at the race track in Verdun. Pistols were raised, but only Sweeney fired. Warde fell, mortally wounded. A farmer witnessing the affair passed a sobbing Sweeney and said, “You have had a bad beginning to the day.” It was the last fatal duel in Canada.))</ref>

He was born in [[Paisley, Renfrewshire]], Scotland in 1807 and settled in [[Perth, Ontario|Perth]], [[Upper Canada]] with his family around 1823. He studied law in Perth.  The duel was fought on June 13, 1833, over comments that Lyon, another law student, had made against the character of a Miss Elizabeth Hughes (who Wilson later married).

Wilson and his second were charged with murder but acquitted. He was called to the Upper Canada bar in 1835, joined Boulton's practice at [[Niagara-on-the-Lake|Niagara]] and later set up his own practice at [[London, Ontario|London]]. He helped organize local resistance against the [[Upper Canada Rebellion]] and was a Captain in the [[Middlesex Militia (Upper Canada)|London Home Guard]] in 1838. Wilson served as warden for the [[London District, Upper Canada|London District]] from 1842 to 1844 and also served as solicitor for the city of London. He was elected to the [[Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada]] in an 1847 by-election as a Conservative and then was reelected in 1848 and 1854.

In 1856, Wilson was named [[Queen's Counsel]]. He was elected to the [[Legislative Council of the Province of Canada|Legislative Council]] for St. Clair division in 1863 but was named judge in the Court of Common Pleas a few months later. He sentenced seven [[Fenian]]s captured during the [[Fenian raids]] to death, but these sentences were commuted.

==Death==
Wilson died in [[Westminster Township, Ontario]] in 1869, aged 62.((citation needed|date=July 2023))

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*[http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=4777 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online'']
*[http://www.canadiana.org/ECO/mtq?doc=12383 ''The lives of the judges of Upper Canada and Ontario : from 1791 to the present time'', D.B. Read (1888)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060719083303/http://globalgenealogy.com/LCGS/articles/A-DUEL.HTM The Duel of 1833 - Lanark County Genealogical Society]

((s-start))
((succession box|
before=[[Levius Peters Sherwood]]|
title=Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada |
years='''1825&ndash;1828''' |
after=[[Marshall Spring Bidwell]] 
))
((s-end))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Wilson, John))
[[Category:1807 births]]
[[Category:1869 deaths]]
[[Category:Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from Canada West]]
[[Category:Judges in Ontario]]
[[Category:People from Perth, Ontario]]
[[Category:Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario]]
[[Category:Canadian duellists]]
[[Category:People of the Fenian raids]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian King's Counsel]]
[[Category:Immigrants to Upper Canada]]
[[Category:19th-century Canadian judges]]

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