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United States presidents issue executive orders to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. Presidential memoranda are closely related, and like executive orders have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process for issuance or publication; unlike executive orders, they are not numbered. A Presidential determination is a determination resulting in an official policy or position of the executive branch of the United States government. Presidential determinations may involve any number of actions, including setting or changing policy, or any number of other exercises of executive power.[1] A Presidential proclamation is a statement issued by a president on a matter of public policy. They are generally defined as, "the act of causing some state matters to be published or made generally known. A written or printed document in which are contained such matters, issued by proper authority; as the president's proclamation, the governor's, the mayor's proclamation."[2] A Presidential notice can also be issued.[3]
Executive orders, Presidential memoranda, Presidential determinations, Presidential proclamations, and Presidential notices are compiled by the Office of the Federal Register (within the National Archives and Records Administration) and are printed by the Government Printing Office. They are published daily, except on federal holidays. A free source of these documents is the Federal Register, which contains government agency rules, proposed rules, and public notices.[4] There are no copyright restrictions on the Federal Register; as a work of the U.S. government, it is in the public domain.[5]
Listed below are executive orders beginning with order number 13765, Presidential memoranda, Presidential proclamations, and Presidential notices signed by United States President Donald Trump.
Relative No. | Absolute No. | Title / Description | Date signed | Date published | Date(s) effective | FR Citation | FR Doc. Number | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 13765 | Minimizing the Economic Burden of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Pending Repeal | January 20, 2017 | January 24, 2017 | January 20, 2017 | 82 FR 8351 | 2017-01799 | [6][7][8] |
2 | 13766 | Expediting Environmental Reviews and Approvals for High Priority Infrastructure Projects | January 24, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | January 24, 2017 | 82 FR 8657 | 2017-02029 | [9][10][11] |
3 | 13767 | Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements | January 25, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | January 25, 2017 | 82 FR 8793 | 2017-02095 | [12][13][14][15] |
4 | 13768 | Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States | January 25, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | January 25, 2017 | 82 FR 8799 | 2017-02102 | [16][17][18] |
5 | 137693 | Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States | January 27, 2017 | February 1, 2017 | January 27, 2017 – March 15, 2017 | 82 FR 8977 | 2017-02281 | [19][20] |
6 | 13770 | Ethics Commitments by Executive Branch Appointees | January 28, 2017 | February 3, 2017 | January 28, 2017 | 82 FR 9333 | 2017-02450 | [21][22][23] |
7 | 13771 | Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs | January 30, 2017 | February 3, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | 82 FR 9339 | 2017-02451 | [24][25][26][27] |
8 | 13772 | Core Principles for Regulating the United States Financial System | February 3, 2017 | February 8, 2017 | February 3, 2017 | 82 FR 9965 | 2017-02762 | [28][29][30][31][32] |
9 | 13773 | Enforcing Federal Law with Respect to Transnational Criminal Organizations and Preventing International Trafficking | February 9, 2017 | February 14, 2017 | February 9, 2017 | 82 FR 10691 | 2017-03113 | [33][34][35] |
10 | 13774 | Preventing Violence Against Federal, State, Tribal, and Local Law Enforcement Officers | February 9, 2017 | February 14, 2017 | February 9, 2017 | 82 FR 10695 | 2017-03115 | [35][36][37][38] |
11 | 13775 | Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice | February 9, 2017 | February 14, 2017 | February 9, 2017 | 82 FR 10697 | 2017-03116 | [39][40][41][42] |
12 | 13776 | Task Force on Crime Reduction and Public Safety | February 9, 2017 | February 14, 2017 | February 9, 2017 | 82 FR 10699 | 2017-03118 | [35][43][44][45] |
13 | 13777 | Enforcing the Regulatory Reform Agenda | February 24, 2017 | March 1, 2017 | February 24, 2017 | 82 FR 12285 | 2017-04107 | [46][47][48][49] |
14 | 13778 | Restoring the Rule of Law, Federalism, and Economic Growth by Reviewing the "Waters of the United States" Rule | February 28, 2017 | March 3, 2017 | February 28, 2017 | 82 FR 12497 | 2017-04353 | [50][51][52][53] |
15 | 13779 | The White House Initiative to Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities | February 28, 2017 | March 3, 2017 | February 28, 2017 | 82 FR 12499 | 2017-04357 | [54][55][56][57] |
16 | 137804 | Protecting The Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into The United States | March 6, 2017 | March 9, 2017 | March 16, 20175 | 82 FR 13209 | 2017-04837 | [58][59][60] |
17 | 13781 | Comprehensive Plan for Reorganizing the Executive Branch | March 13, 2017 | March 16, 2017 | March 13, 2017 | 82 FR 13959 | 2017-05399 | [61][62][63][64][65] |
18 | 13782 | Revocation of Federal Contracting Executive Orders6 | March 27, 2017 | March 30, 2017 | March 27, 2017 | 82 FR 15607 | 2017-06382 | [66][67][68][69] |
19 | 13783 | Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth | March 28, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | March 28, 2017 | 82 FR 16093 | 2017-06576 | [70][71][72] |
20 | 13784 | Establishing the President’s Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis | March 29, 2017 | April 3, 2017 | March 29, 2017 | 82 FR 16283 | 2017-06716 | [73][74][75][76][77] |
21 | 13785 | Establishing Enhanced Collection and Enforcement of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties and Violations of Trade and Customs Laws | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | 82 FR 16719 | 2017-06967 | [78][79][80][81] |
22 | 13786 | Regarding the Omnibus Report on Significant Trade Deficits | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | 82 FR 16721 | 2017-06968 | [82][83][84][85] |
23 | 137877 | Providing an Order of Succession Within the Department of Justice | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | 82 FR 16723 | 2017-06971 | [86][87] |
No. | Title / Description | Date signed | Date published | FR Citation | FR Doc. Number | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Regarding the Hiring Freeze | January 23, 2017 | January 25, 2017 | 82 FR 8493 | 2017-01842 | [88][89][90] |
2 | Barring international non-governmental organizations that perform or promote abortions from receiving US government funding | January 23, 2017 | January 25, 2017 | 82 FR 8495 | 2017-01843 | [91][92][93] |
3 | Regarding Withdrawal of the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership Negotiations and Agreement | January 23, 2017 | January 25, 2017 | 82 FR 8497 | 2017-01845 | [94][95][96] |
4 | Regarding Construction of American Pipelines | January 24, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | 82 FR 8659 | 2017-02031 | [97][98][99] |
5 | Regarding Construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline8 | January 24, 2017 | January 30, 20177 | 82 FR 86617 | 2017-020327 | [100][101][102][103] |
6 | Regarding Construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline | January 24, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | 82 FR 8663 | 2017-02035 | [100][101][104][105] |
7 | Reducing Regulatory Burdens for Domestic Manufacturing | January 24, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | 82 FR 8667 | 2017-02044 | [106][107][108][109] |
8 | Rebuilding the U.S. Armed Forces | January 27, 2017 | February 1, 2017 | 82 FR 8983 | 2017-02282 | [110][111][112][113][114] |
9 | Plan to Defeat the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria | January 28, 2017 | February 2, 2017 | 82 FR 9125 | 2017-02386 | [115][116][117][118] |
10 | Organization of the National Security Council and the Homeland Security Council10 | January 28, 2017 | February 2, 2017 | 82 FR 9119 | 2017-02381 | [119][120][121][122] |
11 | Fiduciary Duty Rule | February 3, 2017 | February 7, 2017 | 82 FR 9675 | 2017-02656 | [123][124][125][126] |
12 | Implementing Immediate Heightened Screening and Vetting of Applications for Visas and Other Immigration Benefits | March 6, 2017 | April 3, 217 | 82 FR 16279 | 2017-06702 | [127][128][129] |
13 | Appropriations request for Fiscal Year (FY) 2017 | March 16, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [130][131][132] |
14 | Delegation of Authority Under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 | March 20, 2017 | April 10, 2017 | 82 FR 17375 | 2017-07331 | [133][134][135] |
15 | Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to South Sudan | March 23, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [136] |
16 | The White House Office of American Innovation | March 27, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [137][138] |
17 | Principles for Reforming the Military Selective Service Process | April 3, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [139][140] |
18 | A Letter from the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate | April 8, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [141][142][143] |
19 | A Letter from the President to the President of the Senate | April 11, 2017 | TBA | TBA | TBA | [144][145] |
20 | Delegation of Authority under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 to the Director of the Federal Bureau | April 12, 2017 | April 14, 2017 | 82 FR 18077 | 2017-07785 | [146][147] |
No. | Title / Description | Date signed | Date published | FR Citation | FR Doc. Number | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Organization of the National Security Council, the Homeland Security Council, and Subcommittees9 | April 4, 2017 | April 6, 2017 | 82 FR 16881 | 2017-07064 | [148][149][150][151][152] |
Relative No. | Absolute No. | Title / Description | Date signed | Date published | FR Citation | FR Doc. Number | United States Code | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 9570 | National Day of Patriotic Devotion, 2017 | January 20, 2017 | January 24, 2017 | 82 FR 8349 | 2017-01798 | — | [153][154][155][156][157][158] |
2 | 9571 | National School Choice Week, 2017 | January 26, 2017 | January 30, 2017 | 82 FR 8791 | 2017-02092 | — | [159][160][161] |
3 | 9572 | National African American History Month, 2017 | February 1, 2017 | February 6, 2017 | 82 FR 9487 | 2017-02559 | — | [162][163][164] |
4 | 9573 | American Heart Month, February 2017 | February 2, 2017 | February 7, 2017 | 82 FR 9673 | 2017-02655 | 36 U.S.C. § 101 | [165][166] |
5 | 9574 | American Red Cross Month, 2017 | March 1, 2017 | March 6, 2017 | 82 FR 12707 | 2017-04503 | — | [167][168][169] |
6 | 9575 | Irish-American Heritage Month, 2017 | March 1, 2017 | March 6, 2017 | 82 FR 12709 | 2017-04504 | — | [170][171][172] |
7 | 9576 | Women's History Month, 2017 | March 1, 2017 | March 6, 2017 | 82 FR 12711 | 2017-04505 | — | [173][174] |
8 | 9577 | National Consumer Protection Week, 2017 | March 6, 2017 | March 9, 2017 | 82 FR 13223 | 2017-04859 | — | [175][176] |
9 | 9578 | National Poison Prevention Week, 2017 | March 17, 2017 | March 22, 2017 | 82 FR 14809 | 2017-05859 | — | [177][178][179] |
10 | 9579 | National Agriculture Day, 2017 | March 21, 2017 | March 24, 2017 | 82 FR 15111 | 2017-06080 | — | [180][181][182] |
11 | 9580 | Greek Independence Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and American Democracy, 2017 | March 24, 2017 | March 29, 2017 | 82 FR 15605 | 2017-06357 | — | [183][184][185] |
12 | 9581 | Cancer Control Month, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | 82 FR 16707 | 2017-06940 | 36 U.S.C. § 103 | [186][187][188][189] |
13 | 9582 | National Child Abuse Prevention Month, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | 82 FR 16709 | 2017-06944 | — | [190][191][192][193] |
14 | 9583 | National Donate Life Month, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | 82 FR 16711 | 2017-06945 | — | [194][195][196] |
15 | 9584 | National Financial Capability Month, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | 82 FR 16713 | 2017-06946 | — | [197][198] |
16 | 9585 | National Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention Month, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2017 | 82 FR 16715 | 2017-06948 | — | [199][200][201] |
17 | 9586 | World Autism Awareness Day, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | April 5, 2016 | 82 FR 16717 | 2017-06949 | — | [202][203][204][205] |
18 | 9587 | National Crime Victims' Rights Week, 2017 | April 3, 2017 | April 6, 2017 | 82 FR 16889 | 2017-07065 | — | [206][207][208][209] |
19 | 9588 | Honoring the Memory of John Glenn | April 5, 2017 | April 10, 2017 | 82 FR 17377 | 2017-07332 | — | [210][211][212] |
20 | 9589 | Education and Sharing Day, U.S.A., 2017 | April 6, 2017 | April 11, 2017 | 82 FR 17529 | 2017-07471 | — | [213][214][215] |
21 | 9590 | Pan American Day and Pan American Week, 2017 | April 7, 2017 | April 13, 2017 | 82 FR 17745 | 2017-07578 | — | [216][217] |
22 | 9591 | National Former Prisoner of War Recognition Day, 2017 | April 7, 2017 | April 13, 2017 | 82 FR 17747 | 2017-07580 | — | [218][219][220] |
No. | Title / Description | Date signed | Date published | FR Citation | FR Doc. Number | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Continuation of the National Emergency With Respect to South Sudan10 | March 23, 2017 | March 24, 2017 | 82 FR 15107 | 2017-06075 | [221][222] |
2 | Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled Activities, 201711 | March 29, 2017 | March 31, 2017 | 82 FR 16099 | 2017-06583 | [223][224][225] |
3 | Regarding the Continuation of the National Emergency with Respect to Somalia12 | April 6, 2017 | April 7, 2017 | 82 FR 17095 | 2017-07238 | [226][227][228] |
In February 2017, a review of presidential documents by USA Today showed that the White House posted inaccurate texts of Trump's executive orders on its website, conflicting with the official versions published in the Federal Register. Most of the differences were minor grammatical or typographic changes, but there were "two cases where the original text referred to inaccurate or non-existent provisions of law."[229] This raised concerns among advocates for government transparency; the executive director of the Sunlight Foundation said that the "last-minute edits" to the orders indicated problems with the Trump administration's "vetting, sign-off, and publication processes for executive orders."[229] The inaccuracies also prompted concern because the Federal Register versions of presidential documents are often published several days after they are signed, "meaning that the public must often rely on what the White House puts out."[229] In the order on ethics guidelines for federal appointees, the WhiteHouse.gov section cites "section 207 of title 28, United States Code," which Pro Publica found does not exist. The correct citation, made in the Federal Register version, is section 207 of title 18.[230]