This list of power stations in Scotland includes current and former electricity-generating power stations in Scotland, sorted by type. Scotland is a net exporter of electricity and has a generating capacity of over 10GW. None of this is generated by conventional oil- or gas-burning power stations, instead using one large gas turbine power station and two large nuclear power stations, as well as several hydro-electric schemes in the Highlands comprising over 80 generating stations with a combined capacity of 1.4GW. Scotland also has an increasing number of wind farms, due to the large proportion of upland areas. As of July 2010, there were 100 operating wind farms in Scotland with a combined capacity of 8GW; and a further 96 projects under construction or consented, with capacity of 2GW.[1] A number of other power plants include an experimental wave power generator on Islay, and Steven's Croft near Lockerbie, the UK's largest wood-fired biomass power station.[2] Since 2016 no coal fired power stations are operating in Scotland.[3]
A red background denotes a power station that is no longer operational, and a green background denotes a power station that is currently operational.
Further information: Nuclear power in the United Kingdom |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Type | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Closed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chapelcross | Nuclear Decommissioning Authority | NY216697 | Dumfries and Galloway | Magnox | 200 | 1959 | 2004 |
Dounreay DFR | Nuclear Decommissioning Authority | NC981668 | Highland | Fast breeder reactor | 14 | 1962 | 1977 |
Dounreay PFR | Nuclear Decommissioning Authority | NC981668 | Highland | Fast breeder reactor | 250 | 1975 | 1994 |
Hunterston A | Nuclear Decommissioning Authority | NS183514 | North Ayrshire | Magnox | 360 | 1964 | 1990 |
Hunterston B | EDF Energy | NS183514 | North Ayrshire | Advanced gas-cooled reactor | 1,288 | 1976 | 2022 |
Torness | EDF Energy | NT746750 | East Lothian | Advanced gas-cooled reactor | 1,364 | 1988 | - |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Closed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aberdeen[4] | Aberdeen City | 57.25 | operating 1959 | |||
Barony | SSEB | NS528218 | East Ayrshire | 60 | 1957 | 1989 |
Bonnybridge[4] | Scottish Central Electric Power Co. / S.S.E.B. | 60 | operating 1959 | |||
Braehead | SSEB | NS517677 | Renfrewshire | 260 | 1951 | 1979 |
Clyde's Mill[4] | Clyde Valley Electrical Power Co. / S.S.E.B. | 277.5 | 1916 | |||
Cockenzie | Scottish Power | NT394754 | East Lothian | 1,200 | 1967 | 2013 |
Dalmarnock[4] | Clyde Valley Electrical Power Co. / S.S.E.B. | 257.5 | ||||
Dundee (Carolina Port)[4][5] | Dundee Corporation | Dundee | 75.625 | operating 1959 | 1984 | |
Dunfermline (Townhill) [4] | Fife Electric Power Co. | 25.5 | operating 1959 | |||
Falkirk[4] | Scottish Central Electric Power Co. | 7.5 | operating 1959 | |||
Galashiels[4] | 6.625 | operating 1959 | ||||
Kilmarnock[4] | Ayrshire Electricity Board | 60 | operating 1959 | |||
Kincardine | Scottish Power | NS923882 | Fife | 760 | 1958[6] | 1997 |
Longannet | Scottish Power | NS953852 | Fife | 2,400 | 1970[7] | 2016 |
Methil | Scottish Power | NO381002 | Fife | 57 | 1965 | 2000 |
Pinkston | Glasgow Corporation/S.S.E.B. | NS595667 | Glasgow | 65 | 1901 | 1960s |
Portobello | Edinburgh Corporation/S.S.E.B. | NT301743 | Edinburgh | 1934 | 1977 | |
Yoker | Clyde Valley Electrical Power Co./S.S.E.B. | NS510686 | Glasgow | 100 | 1905 | 1976 |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Fuel | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Closed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arnish | SSE | NB422304 | Western Isles | Diesel | 10.3 | 2000 | - |
Barra[8] | SSE | NF718033 | Western Isles | Diesel | 2.5 | 1986 | - |
Bowmore[9] | SSE | NR320602 | Argyll and Bute | Diesel | 6.0 | 1946 | - |
Brodick[4] | Diesel | 3.087 | |||||
Campbeltown[4] | Diesel | 3.740 | |||||
Daliburgh[4] | Diesel | 1.56 | |||||
Grangemouth | INEOS[10] | NS944810 | Falkirk | Gas | 130 | 2001 | - |
Inverkip | South of Scotland Electricity Board | NS196711 | Inverclyde | Oil | 1900 | 1970 | 1988 |
Kirkwall | SSE | HY44651097 | Orkney | Oil | 16 | 1951 | |
Lerwick A and B | SSE | HU465427 | Shetland | Oil | 67 | 1953 & 1996 | - |
Lochalsh[4] | Diesel | 0.91 | |||||
Loch Carnan[11] | SSE | NF832427 | Western Isles | Diesel | 11.8 | 1971 | - |
Peterhead | SSE | NK127430 | Aberdeenshire | Gas | 1550 | 1980 | - |
Stornoway | SSE | NB431321 | Western Isles | Diesel | 23.5 | 1950 | - |
Sullom Voe Terminal[12][13] | ENGIE | HU401751 | Shetland | Gas | 22 (100) | 1980 | - |
Tiree[14] | SSE | NL997446 | Argyll and Bute | Diesel | 2.5 | 1953 | - |
Tobermory[4] | Diesel | 1.375 |
Further information: Hydroelectricity in the United Kingdom |
Hydroelectricity relies on gravity to propel water through power-generating turbines. The difference in height between the turbine and the water source is known as the "head". Scotland has two pumped-storage hydro-electric power stations, which pump water back up to a storage reservoir during periods of off-peak demand. Although claimed to be the first such station in the world when it opened in 1965 by the Visit Cruachan website, Drax Group PLC's Cruachan Power Station[15] was preceded by the Ffestiniog Power Station in North Wales, which opened in 1963,[16] and on a smaller scale by the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board's Sron Mor power station opened in 1957, part of the Shira Hydro-Electric Scheme.[17] Cruachan can hold 7 gigawatt-hours (25 TJ) of energy,[18] equivalent to 22 hours of full production. 12 hours is reserved for black start.[19]
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Gross head (m) | Capacity (MW) | Stored Energy | Commissioned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sron Mor[17] | SSE Renewables | NN161200 | Argyll and Bute | 40 feet (12 m) | 5 | 1957 | |
Cruachan[15][20] | Drax Group | NN077268 | Argyll and Bute | 360 | 440 | 7 GWh[18] or 8.8[21] | 1965 |
Foyers/Loch Mhòr[22] | SSE Renewables[23] | NH503217 | Highland | 179 | 300 | 6.3 GWh[21] | 1974 |
There are several proposals for new pumped storage hydro-electric schemes in Scotland, mostly in the Great Glen;
Scotland has a potential for around 500 GWh of pumped storage.[38]
Several of Scotland's hydro-electric plants were built to power the aluminium smelting industry, but many more were built in the mid-20th century by the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board to supply the communities of the Highlands. These were built in several "schemes" of linked stations, each covering a catchment area, whereby the same water may generate power several times as it descends.
Further information: Wind power in Scotland |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Number of turbines | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burnfoot Hill | EDF | NN905034 | Stirling | 13 | 26 | October 2010 | [76] |
Upper Ardgrain | NJ960344 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 2.4 | October 2010 | [76] | |
Ben Aketil extension | Falck Renewables | NG330461 | Highland | 2 | 4.6 | October 2010 | [76] |
Achany Estate | SSE Renewables | NC504044 | Highland | 19 | 38 | October 2010 | [76] |
Hammars Hill | Hammars Hill Energy Ltd | HY384235 | Orkney | 5 | 4.5 | September 2010 | [76] |
Tullo | Eneco | NO757716 | Aberdeenshire | 7 | 17 | September 2010 | [76] |
Methil Docks | The Hydrogen Office | NT375993 | Fife | 1 | 0.75 | September 2010 | [76] |
Crystal Rig 2 | Fred Olsen Renewables Ltd | NT656683 | Scottish Borders | 51 | 117.3 | September 2010 | [76] |
Crystal Rig 2a | Fred Olsen Renewables Ltd | NT660680 | Scottish Borders | 9 | 20.7 | September 2010 | [76] |
House o'Hill | NJ976585 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 2.4 | July 2010 | [76] | |
Cairnmore Farm | RWE Npower Renewables | NJ503244 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 2.55 | July 2010 | [76] |
Carcant | SSE Renewables | NT364525 | Scottish Borders | 3 | 6 | June 2010 | [76] |
Toddleburn | SSE Renewables | NT494535 | Scottish Borders | 12 | 27.6 | June 2010 | [76] |
Craigengelt Hill | GDF Suez | NS723866 | Stirling | 8 | 20 | March 2010 | [76] |
Tiree Community Wind Turbine | Tiree Renewable Energy Ltd | NM076483 | Argyll and Bute | 1 | 0.9 | March 2010 | [76] |
Fairburn Estate | Scottish & Southern | NH416519 | Highland | 20 | 40 | February 2010 | [76] |
Hill of Fiddes | Broadview Energy | NJ932250 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 6.9 | February 2010 | [76] |
Boyndie extension | Falck Renewables | NJ640619 | Highland | 1 | 2.3 | January 2010 | [76] |
Pates Hill | Your Energy | NS965605 | West Lothian | 7 | 14 | January 2010 | [76] |
North Rhins | AES Wind Generation | NX020568 | Dumfries and Galloway | 11 | 22 | January 2010 | [76] |
Edinbane | Vattenfall | NG346462 | Highland | 18 | 41.4 | December 2009 | [76] |
Skelmonae | NJ889396 | Aberdeenshire | 4 | 3.2 | December 2009 | [76] | |
Strath of Brydock extension | A.J. Duncan | NJ653599 | Aberdeenshire | 1 | 2.3 | December 2009 | [76] |
Cowhill | NJ746336 | Aberdeenshire | 1 | 0.8 | December 2009 | [76] | |
Newstead | NJ813503 | Aberdeenshire | 1 | 0.8 | December 2009 | [76] | |
Ednie Farm | NK087511 | Aberdeenshire | 1 | 0.8 | December 2009 | [76] | |
Burgar Hill extension | Burgar Hill Renewables | HY341265 | Orkney | 1 | 2.3 | November 2009 | [76] |
Dun Law extension | ScottishPower | NT461574 | Scottish Borders | 35 | 29.75 | October 2009 | [76] |
Longpark | EDF | NT474424 | Scottish Borders | 19 | 38 | October 2009 | [76] |
Holodyke | DC & MC Wallace | HY319215 | Orkney | 1 | 0.9 | October 2009 | [76] |
Hill of Burns | NJ742350 | Aberdeenshire | 1 | 0.8 | October 2009 | [76] | |
Westray Community wind turbine | Westray Development Trust | HY437460 | Orkney | 1 | 0.9 | October 2009 | [76] |
Lochhead Farm | A7 Energy Ltd | NS778474 | South Lanarkshire | 3 | 6.15 | July 2009 | [76] |
Clyde onshore | SSE | South Lanarkshire | 206 | 522 | 2012+2017 | [77] | |
Hill of Balquhindachy extension | Greenspan Energy | NJ857425 | Aberdeenshire | 2 | 1.7 | July 2009 | [76] |
St John's Wells | St John's Wells Wind Farm Limited | NJ800369 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 2.4 | July 2009 | [76] |
Beinn Tharsuinn extension (Beinn nan Oighrean) | RockBySea & Midfern Renewables | NH614815 | Highland | 2 | 4.6 | July 2009 | [76] |
Ardkinglass/Clachan Flats | Iberdrola | NN175145 | Argyll and Bute | 9 | 15.03 | June 2009 | [76] |
Strath of Brydock | A.J. Duncan | NJ653599 | Aberdeenshire | 2 | 4.6 | June 2009 | [76] |
Achairn Farm | J & R Innes | ND305504 | Highland | 3 | 6.15 | May 2009 | [76] |
Aikengall | Community Windpower | NT714704 | East Lothian | 16 | 48 | 2009 | [76] |
Ardrossan | Airtricity | NS232471 | North Ayrshire | 12 | 24 | 2003 | [78] |
Artfield | Scottish and Southern Energy | NX225675 | Dumfries and Galloway | 15 | 22 | 2005 | [79] |
Balnamoon | Balnamoon Renewables Ltd. | NJ484555 | Moray | 1 | 0.8 | 2008 | [76] |
Beinn an Tuirc | Scottish Power | NR746367 | Argyll and Bute | 46 | 30.36 | 2002 | [80] |
Beinn Ghlas | Npower | NM975258 | Argyll and Bute | 14 | 8.4 | 1999 | [81] |
Beinn Tharsuinn | Scottish Power | NH614814 | Highland | 17 | 30 | 2006 | [76] |
Ben Aketil | Falck Renewables | NG330445 | Highland | 10 | 23 | 2007 | [76] |
Bilbster (Flex Hill) | Npower | ND271518 | Highland | 3 | 3.9 | 2008 | [82] |
Black Hill | RES | ND229446 | Scottish Borders | 22 | 28.6 | 2007 | [76] |
Black Law | Scottish Power | NS897539 | North Lanarkshire, South Lanarkshire West Lothian | 54 | 124.2 | 2005, extended 2006 | [76] |
Bowbeat | E.ON UK | NT302455 | Scottish Borders | 24 | 31.2 | 2002 | [83] |
Boyndie | Falck Renewables | NJ621639 | Aberdeenshire | 7 | 14 | 2006 | [84] |
Braes of Doune | Airtricity | NN719107 | Stirling | 36 | 72 | 2005 | [85] |
Bu Farm | I & H Brown | HY621218 | Orkney | 3 | 2.7 | 2002 | [76] |
Buolfruich | Anthony Hall | ND160355 | Highland | 15 | 12.75 | [86] | |
Burgar Hill | Npower | HY346256 | Orkney | 2 | 5 | 2007 | [87] |
Burra Dale | Shetland Aerogenerators | HU424424 | Shetland | 5 | 3.7 | 2000, extended 2003 | [76] |
Cairn Uish (Rothes) | Fred Olsen Renewables | NJ184505 | Moray | 22 | 50.6 | 2005 | [76] |
Causeymire | Npower | ND155505 | Highland | 24 | 55 | 2004 | [86] |
Craig | Craig Wind Farm Co. | NX019569 | Dumfries and Galloway | 4 | 8 | 2007 | [76] |
Cruach Mhor | Scottish Power | NS035874 | Argyll and Bute | 35 | 29.75 | 2004 | [76] |
Crystal Rig | Fred Olsen Renewables | NT678679 | Scottish Borders | 25 | 62.5 | 2004, extended 2007 | [76] |
Dalswinton | Airtricity | NX950889 | Dumfries and Galloway | 15 | 30 | 2008 | [88] |
Deucheran Hill | E.ON UK | NR761442 | Argyll and Bute | 9 | 15.75 | 2001 | [89] |
Drumderg | Scottish and Southern Energy | NO179553 | Perth and Kinross | 16 | 32 | 2008 | [90] |
Dummuie | Eco2 | NJ563357 | Aberdeenshire | 7 | 10.4 | 2007 | [76] |
Dun Law | Scottish Power | NT466572 | Scottish Borders | 26 | 17.6 | 2000 | [76] |
Earlsburn | Falck Renewables | NS696884 | Stirling | 15 | 37.5 | 2007 | [91] |
Farr | Npower | NH734289 | Highland | 40 | 92 | 2006 | [92] |
Findhorn Ecovillage | Findhorn Wind Park | NJ058640 | Moray | 4 | 0.75 | 2006 | [76][93] |
Fintry | FREE | NS616867 | Stirling | 1 | 2.5 | 2007 | [76] |
Forss | Fivestone | ND019695 | Highland | 6 | 7 | 2003 | [76] |
Gigha | Gigha Renewable Energy Company | NR637472 | Argyll and Bute | 3 | 0.675 | 2004 | [76] |
Glens of Foudland | Centrica | NJ613360 | Aberdeenshire | 20 | 26 | 2005 | [76] |
Greendykeside | A7 Energy | NS811703 | North Lanarkshire | 2 | 4 | 2007 | [76] |
Green Knowes | Scottish Power | NN965070 | Perth and Kinross | 18 | 27 | 2008 | [76] |
Hadyard Hill | Scottish and Southern Energy | NX264992 | South Ayrshire | 52 | 120 | 2006 | [79] |
Hagshaw Hill | Scottish Power | NS789307 | South Lanarkshire | 46 | 42 | 1995, extended 2008 | [76] |
Hare Hill | Scottish Power | NS654097 | East Ayrshire | 20 | 13.2 | 2000 | [76] |
Kilbraur | Falck Renewables | NC785075 | Western Isles | 19 | 47.5 | 2008 | [94] |
Liniclate | Element Wind Ltd. | NF786498 | Western Isles | 1 | 0.9 | 2008 | [76] |
Mackie's | Mackie's Ice Cream | NJ763319 | Aberdeenshire | 3 | 2.55 | 2007 | [95] |
Michelin Tyre Factory | Ecotricity | NO448328 | Dundee | 2 | 4 | 2006 | [76] |
Millennium (Glenmoriston) | Falck Renewables | NH271077 | Highland | 20 | 50 | 2008 | [76][96] |
Minsca Farm | Airtricity | NY225810 | Dumfries and Galloway | 16 | 36.8 | 2008 | [97] |
North Redbog | Redbog Renewables Ltd/Enercon | NJ996552 | Aberdeenshire | 2 | 1.6 | 2008 | [76] |
Novar (Bendealt) | RWE | NH554714 | Highland | 50 | 53.8 | 1997 | [98] |
Paul's Hill | Fred Olsen Renewables | NJ114404 | Moray | 24 | 55.2 | 2006 | [76] |
Sainsbury's, East Kilbride | Ecotricity | NS641514 | South Lanarkshire | 1 | 0.6 | 2001 | [76] |
Sigurd | Triodos Renewables | HY346256 | Orkney | 1 | 1.3 | 2000 | [76] |
Spurness | Scottish and Southern Energy | HY604343 | Orkney | 4 | 11 | 2005 | [76] |
Tangy Farm | Scottish and Southern Energy | NR678286 | Argyll and Bute | 15 | 12.75 | 2002 | [76] |
Wardlaw (Dalry) | Community Windpower | NS251517 | North Ayrshire | 6 | 18 | 2006 | [99] |
Wether Hill | Scottish Power | NX691939 | Dumfries and Galloway | 14 | 18.2 | 2007 | [76] |
Whitelee | Scottish Power Renewables | NS575465 | East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, South Lanarkshire | 215 | 539 | 2009, extended 2013 | [100] |
Windy Standard | Npower | NS618016 | Dumfries and Galloway | 36 | 21.6 | 1996 | [101] |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Sea area | Number of turbines | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beatrice (Demonstrator)[102] | Talisman Energy / Scottish and Southern Energy | ND361006 | Moray Firth | 2 | 10 | 2007 |
Beatrice[103] | Scottish and Southern Energy / Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners / Red Rock Power Limited | ND361006 | Moray Firth | 84 | 588 | 2018 |
Robin Rigg[104] | E.ON UK | NX899420 | Solway Firth | 60 | 180 | 2009 |
Hywind Scotland[105][106] | Statoil | OG213845 | 15 miles (24 km) miles from Peterhead | 5 | 30 | 2017 |
Further information: Renewable energy in Scotland |
Name | Operator | Location (UK grid reference) | Council area | Type | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Closed | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Billia Croo[107] | EMEC | HY2220909313 | Orkney | Wave power (test site) | 7[note 1] | 2003 | - | |
Braehour[108] | Scottish Hydro Electric | ND093532 | Highland | Peat burning | ? | 1954 | 1960 | |
Baldovie[109] | Dundee Energy Recycling | NO448329 | Dundee | Energy from waste | 10.5 | 1999 | - | |
Fall of Warness | EMEC | Orkney | Tidal power (test site) | 10[note 2] | 2006 | - | [110] | |
Greengairs[111] | Shanks McEwan | NS786697 | North Lanarkshire | Landfill gas | 3.8 | 1996 | - | |
Islay LIMPET[112] | Wavegen | NR158533 | Argyll and Bute | Wave power | 0.5 | 2000 | 2012 | |
Steven's Croft[113] | E.ON UK | NY121853 | Dumfries and Galloway | Biomass (wood) | 44 | 2008 | - | |
Westfield[114] | Energy Power Resources | NT193981 | Fife | Biomass (poultry litter) | 10 | 2000 | - |