.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese. Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 1,522 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Wikipedia article at [[:pt:Língua namuyi]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template ((Translated|pt|Língua namuyi)) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Namuzi
Namuyi
Native toChina
Native speakers
5,000 (2007)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3nmy
Glottolognamu1246
ELPNamuyi
Namuyi is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Namuyi (Namuzi; autonym: na54 mʑi54) is a Tibeto-Burman language belonging to the Naic branch, spoken by approximately 10000 people.[2] It is primarily spoken in southern Sichuan. Namuyi has also been classified as Qiangic by Sun Hongkai (2001) and Guillaume Jacques (2011). The eastern and western dialects have low mutual intelligibility. In Sichuan, it is spoken in Muli County and Mianning County. The language is endangered[3] and the number of speakers with fluency is decreasing year by year, as most teenagers do not speak the language, instead speaking the Sichuan dialect of Chinese.[4]

Geographical distribution

Namuyi is a language spoken in the following four villages of southern Sichuan:[5]

It is also spoken in Muli and Yanyuan of the Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture and Jiulong County in Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture.[5]

Dialects

The Namuyi language is subdivided into two different dialects, the dialect of spoken by the people around Muli, and the dialect of those spoken in Mianning. The dialects differ mainly in phonology, where the Mianning and Yanyuan dialect have few consonant clusters as opposed to the Mianning and Xichang dialect.[6]

Phonology

There are 40 single-consonant initials in the Namuyi language.[6] Namuyi also has ten phonemic vowels, /i/ for [i], /e/ for [e], /ɛ/ for [ɛ], /ɨ/ for [ʃ,ɯ] /ʉ/ for [y], /ə/ for [ə], /a/ for [a], /u/ for [u], /o/ for [o], and /ɔ/ for [ɔ].[4] There is no phonological vowel length, though speakers can lengthen a vowel in the first syllable at times to emphasize a word.[4][7]

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
plain trilled plain trilled
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop voiceless p t k q (ʔ)
voiced b d ɡ ɢ
aspirated
Affricate voiceless t͡s t͡ɕ
voiced d͡z d͡ʑ
aspirated pʰ͡s, pʰ͡ʂ t͡sʰ tʂʰ t͡ɕʰ
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ x χ
voiced v z ʐ ʁ ɦ
Approximant voiceless
voiced w l j

References

  1. ^ Namuzi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ "Namuyi". UNESCO WAL. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  3. ^ "Namuyi". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b c Nishida, Fuminobu (2013). "Phonetics and Phonology of Dzolo Dialect of Namuyi". Arutesu Riberaresu / Artes Liberales. 92: 21–54. doi:10.15113/00013130.
  5. ^ a b Lakhi, Libu; Hefright, Brook; Stuart, Kevin (2007). "The Namuyi: Linguistic and Cultural Features". Asian Folklore Studies. 66 (1/2): 233–253. JSTOR 30030460.
  6. ^ a b Hongkai, Sun (1990). "Languages of the Ethnic Corridor in Western Sichuan" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 13 (1): 1–31.
  7. ^ Pavlík, Štěpán (2017). The Description of Namuzi Language (Ph.D. thesis). Charles University. hdl:20.500.11956/95965.