Honi | |
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Native to | Southern China, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar |
Ethnicity | Hani |
Native speakers | 140,000 (2007)[1] |
Dialects |
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | how |
Glottolog | honi1244 |
The Honi language (豪尼語), also known as Haoni, Baihong, Hao-Bai, or Ho, is a language of the Loloish (Yi) branch of the Tibeto-Burman linguistic group spoken in Yunnan, China. The Chinese government groups speakers of this language into the Hani nationality, one of China's 56 recognized nationalities and considers the language to be a dialect of the wider Hani languages. Honi itself is divided into two distinct dialects, Baihong and Haoni, which may be separate languages.
Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | |||
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plain | sibilant | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | ȵ | ŋ | |||
Plosive/ Affricate |
unaspirated | p | t | ts | tʃ | tɕ | k |
aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | tʃʰ | tɕʰ | kʰ | |
Continuant | voiceless | f | l̥ | s | ʃ | ɕ | x |
voiced | v | l | z | ʒ | ɣ | ||
Semivowel | w | j |
A voiceless /l̥/ may also be realized as a lateral fricative [ɬ].
Front | Central | Back | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | i | ɯ | u | ||
High-mid | ɤ | o | |||
Low-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |||
Low | æ | a | |||
Syllabic | v̩ | ɹ̩ |
In the Mojiang dialect, vowel length is distinctive among vowels /iː ɛː/ and syllabic vowels /v̩ː ɹ̩ː/.[2]
Front | Back | |||
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Diphthong | Close | iu | ui | |
Mid | io | iɔ | uɛ | |
Open | ia | ua | ||
Nasal | Close | ĩ | ||
Mid | ɛ̃ | õ | ||
Open | ã | |||
Nasal Diphthong |
Mid | ĩɛ̃ | ĩõ | ũɛ̃ |
Open | ĩã | ũã |
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Regional |
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Indigenous |
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Extinct | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sign |
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Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
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Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim) |
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Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal) | |||||
Myanmar and Indo- Burmese border |
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East and Southeast Asia |
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Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal) |
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Proposed groupings | |||||
Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. |
Mondzish |
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Loloish (Yi) (Ngwi) |
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Burmish |
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Pai-lang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Proto-languages) |