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Oniro OS
OniroOSlogo
DeveloperVarious (Eclipse Foundation, Huawei, Linaro, Seco and others)
Written inC, C++, JS, Rust and ArkTS
OS familyOpenHarmony
Working stateCurrent
Source modelOpen source
Initial releaseOctober 26, 2021; 2 years ago (2021-10-26)
Latest release4.0 / October 26, 2023; 3 months ago (2023-10-26)[1]
Repositorygithub.com/eclipse-oniro4openharmony
Marketing targetInternet of Things, Edge computing, Single-board computers, Embedded systems, Home automation, Home appliances, Multimedia devices, Consumer electronics, Internet of vehicles
Update methodOver-the-air
Package manager.app
PlatformsARM, RISC-V, x86, x64 and LoongArch[2]
Kernel typeMultikernel (KAL (Kernel Abstract Layer subsystem) with Zephyr kernel, Linux Yocto and add-ons
UserlandSystem Service Layer[3]
LicenseEclipse Public License
Official websiteoniroproject.org
Support status
Supported

Eclipse Foundation Oniro OS, or Oniro OS, is a vendor-netural open-source distro based on OpenHarmony in partnership with OpenAtom Foundation.[5] This distro is similar to HarmonyOS, the open-source distributed operating system built for Internet of things with a multi-layered architecture, which consists of four layers from the bottom to the top (kernel layer, system service layer, framework layer, and application layer).

Oniro OS supports various devices running on a RTOS-based Zephyr kernel such as printers, speakers, smartwatches, smart thermostats and any other smart device with memory as small as 128 KB, or running on the bigger Linux Yocto kernel with memory greater than 128 MB on Raspberry Pi-class devices.

Development

Applications for HarmonyOS are mostly built using components of ArkUI alongside cross-platform ArkUI-X variant, a Declarative User Interface framework. ArkUI elements are adaptable to various devices and include new interface rules with automatic updates along with HarmonyOS updates.[6]

Oniro OS is based on OpenHarmony, the open-source version of HarmonyOS, and primarily uses App Pack files suffixed with .app (also known as APP files) for distribution of software via AppGallery. It also employs third-party distribution application stores on operating systems like the Linux-based Unity Operating System. Each App Pack contains one or more HarmonyOS Ability Packages (HAP) including code for their abilities, resources, libraries, and a JSON file with configuration information.[7]

The operating system utilizes the Linux Yocto kernel for bigger memory devices, as well as the RTOS-based Zephyr kernel for smaller memory-constrained devices in the Kernel Abstract Layer (KAL) subsystem. For webview applications, it incorporates the Servo browser engine at the system level for security.[8]

As a universal single IoT platform, Oniro OS allows developers to write apps once and run everywhere across devices such as phones, tablets, personal computers, TVs, cars, smartwatches, single board computers, and screenless IoT devices such as smart speakers.[9]

Software development

See also: HarmonyOS version history

See also: OpenHarmony § Software development

With downstream integration development, Eclipse Oniro currently bases its enhancements of OpenHarmony on the latest 4.0 release. Newer versions become targeted as they become available and used by the working group members. For Eclipse Oniro, a downstream OpenHarmony distribution, the primary focus is to ensure well-integrated and tested features. The downstream fork would hold all changes and would be tested by developers and CI for releases through the GitHub repo. OpenHarmony upstream integrates pull requests on the Gitee master branch.[10]

Software version History
Version number Release date API level Main features
3.0 long-term support version October 26, 2021 7 New features and functions for lightweight, small and standard systems
3.1 Beta version December 31, 2021 8-9 Enhance basic capabilities, system distribution capabilities, system application framework capabilities, and lightweight system capabilities, etc.
3.2 Beta version 1[11] May 31, 2022 8-9 Enhance the basic capabilities of lightweight and standard systems, the framework capabilities of standard system applications, and the application capabilities of standard systems
4.0 beta version 1[12] June 3, 2023 10 Improve the capabilities of the standard system and further improve the capabilities and effects of ArkUI components
4.0 release version October 26, 2023 10 A large number of ArkTS APIs have been added, and the scope of distributed hardware support has been expanded

Supported Hardware architectures

See also

References

  1. ^ Li, Deng. "OpenHarmony 4.0 release version launched with API 10". HC Newsroom. HC Newsroom. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  2. ^ "OpenHarmony 3.0 successfully adapted Loongson 1C300B chip". Huawei Update. 15 December 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
  3. ^ "HMOS Architecture". Medium. Application Library Engineering Group. 5 April 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  4. ^ Sarkar, Amy. "OpenHarmony 4.0 Beta 2 released with multi-platform development framework ArkUI-X". HC Newsroom. HC Newsroom. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. ^ "Open Source Leader the Eclipse Foundation Launches Vendor-Neutral Operating System for Next-Generation Device Interoperability". Yahoo Finance. Eclipse Foundation Canada. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  6. ^ "ArkUI". Huawei.
  7. ^ "Document – Application Fundamentals". developer.harmonyos.com. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  8. ^ Marek, Jaroslaw. "Oniro: A Versatile, Vendor Neutral Operating System Platform for Smart Devices". Eclipse Foundation. Eclipse Foundation. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  9. ^ Amadeo, Ron (9 August 2019). "Huawei announces its first operating system, HarmonyOS". Ars Technica. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
  10. ^ "OpenHarmony Downstream / Upstream relationship". oniroproject.org. oniroproject.org. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  11. ^ "OpenHarmony 3.2 Beta1版本正式发布-开源基础软件社区-51CTO.COM". ost.51cto.com. Archived from the original on 2022-07-17. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ "HiHope HH-SCDAYU200 Development Kit". oniroproject.org. oniroproject.org. Retrieved 28 January 2024.


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