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((short description|1649 agreement which ended the first conflicts of the Fronde (period of French civil war)))
((refimprove|date=March 2011))
((History of France))

The '''Peace of Rueil''' (((lang-fr|Paix de Rueil)), ((IPA-fr|pɛ də ʁɥœj|IPA)) or ((IPA-fr|ʁɥɛj|))), signed 11 March 1649, signalled an end to the opening episodes of the [[Fronde]] (a period of civil war in the [[Kingdom of France]]) after little blood had been shed. The articles ended all hostilities and declared all avenues of trade reopened. The settlement was promulgated in the name of the child king [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]]<ref>He was ten.</ref> through his mother [[Anne of Austria]], the [[Queen Regent]].  [[Cardinal Mazarin]], the true power of the court party, was not mentioned in the text, though he was a signatory, as was [[Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé|the Grand Condé]], who had been recruited by the court party to overcome the resistance of [[Paris]].

==Negotiations and terms==
The [[Parlement of Paris]] was directed to report to [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye|Saint Germain-en-Laye]], where the king proposed to hold a ''[[lit de justice]]'' solely to proclaim the agreed-upon articles. The Parlement was then to return to Paris and carry on as usual, but it was agreed that no further sessions of the Chambre Saint-Louis<ref>The Parlement of Paris had summoned a meeting of delegates from the Parisian sovereign courts to meet in the Chambre Saint-Louis, where they issued an ''arrêt d’union'' or decree of union, 13 May 1648, to stiffen a unified resistance to the enforced registration of fiscal measures and to the arbitrary suspension of the ''gages'', the salaries of office-holders.</ref> would be held during the year. The Declarations of the Parlement of July and October 1648, which a historian might consider the opening paper volley of the Fronde, were confirmed, but all general edicts of the Parlement enacted since 6 January were declared null and void.<ref>Exceptions were made for civil and criminal cases involving individuals, the day-to-day business of the parlement, as a court of appeal.</ref> The King, "desiring to give evidence of his affection to the inhabitants of his good City of [[Paris]]," declared that he was resolved to return to the capital.<ref>The royal party had fled the [[Palais du Louvre]] on 22 October.</ref>

The [[lettre de cachet|lettres de cachet]] issued in the King's name were likewise nullified. The war of words was thereby retracted on both sides. Troops raised by the Parlement were to be disbanded and the King's troops were to be returned to their customary garrisons. The [[Bastille]] and the Paris Arsenal, which had been seized by the forces of the Parlement, were to be returned to royal control. As for the envoy from the archduke Leopold, [[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]]’s representative in the [[Spanish Netherlands]], who was offering [[Habsburg]] aid, poised to invade northern France as a result of negotiations on the part of the [[Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti|prince de Conti]], he was to be sent away from Paris without a response from the Parlement.
 
Conti, a [[prince of the blood]] who was at the head of the noble faction that still claimed to represent the Parlement de Paris, was pardoned, as well as all those others<ref>" Princes, Dukes, Peers and other Officers of the Crown, Seigneurs and Gentlemen, Towns and Communities, and all other persons of whatever rank and condition."</ref> who had taken part. All were to be free of prosecution for their roles, if they would declare for the settlement within four days. A general pardon was issued for all cash taken or property sold during the insurrection.

Turning to the pressing royal need for money, which was at the root of the imposed taxes that had been resisted by the Parlement, it was agreed that the King might borrow sums deemed necessary at ''denier 12'' (8.33%) interest for the current and following years only.

==Results==
The Parlement of Paris quickly ratified the treaty.  Peace lasted until the end of 1649. The princes returned to court, renewing their intrigues against Mazarin and gaining the support of the Grand Condé. Mazarin, having privately established the support of the party of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]], the king's uncle, and with [[Jean François Paul de Gondi, cardinal de Retz]] and the [[Marie de Rohan-Montbazon, duchesse de Chevreuse|duchesse de Chevreuse]] behind him, suddenly arrested [[Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé|Condé]], his brother the [[Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti|prince de Conti]] and their brother-in-law the [[Henri II d'Orléans, duc de Longueville|duc de Longueville]], January 14, 1650, precipitating the next phase of the Fronde, the ''Fronde des nobles''.

==See also==
* [[List of treaties]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* [http://www.history.ox.ac.uk/currentunder/honours/history/further/french_society/07rueil.pdf  The Articles of Peace (in English) with signatories]. (pdf file)
* [http://www.le.ac.uk/hi/bon/resources/bourb/bourb7.html "The Origins of the Fronde"]

[[Category:Military history of the Ancien Régime|Rueil, Peace of]]
[[Category:Political history of the Ancien Régime|Rueil, Peace of]]
[[Category:Peace treaties of the Ancien Régime|Rueil, Peace of]]
[[Category:1649 in France]]
[[Category:1649 treaties]]
[[Category:17th-century military history of France]]
[[Category:Anne of Austria]]
[[Category:Louis XIV]]
[[Category:Cardinal Mazarin]]

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