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((short description|Political party))
((about |the Maoist group associated with Bob Avakian|the Trotskyist group |Revolutionary Communists of America))
((Multiple issues|
((Primary sources|date=January 2019))
((Third-party|date=January 2019))
((Unreliable sources|date=June 2019))
))
((Use mdy dates|date=June 2013))
((Infobox political party
| leader1_title    = Chairman
| leader1_name     = [[Bob Avakian]]
| name             = Revolutionary Communist Party, USA
| logo             = RCPlogo.svg
| logo_size        = 200px
| colorcode        = Red
| foundation       = 1975
| ideology         = [[Bob Avakian|New communism]]
| headquarters     = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| international    = None ((smaller|(formerly the [[Revolutionary Internationalist Movement]])))
| website          = ((official URL))
| country          = United States
| position         = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
| flag             = 
))
((Communist parties|Americas))
The '''Revolutionary Communist Party, USA''' (also known as '''RCP''', '''The Revcoms''', or '''Revcom''') is a [[New Communist movement|new communist]] party in the [[United States]] founded in 1975 and led by its chairman, [[Bob Avakian]]. The party organizes for a revolution to overthrow the system of capitalism and replace it with a [[socialist state]], with the final aim of [[world communism]].<ref>((cite book |last1=USA |first1=Revolutionary Communist Party |title=Constitution for the New Socialist Republic in North America: (Draft Proposal) |date=2010 |publisher=R C P Publications |isbn=9780898510072 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zlG5cQAACAAJ ))</ref> The RCP is frequently described as a [[cult]] around Avakian.<ref>((cite magazine|url=https://harpers.org/archive/2016/02/left-of-bernie/|title=Left of Bernie|magazine=Harper´s Magazine|accessdate=2023-09-24 |last1=Keizer |first1=Garret ))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2022/08/12/on-choice-revolution-and-a-rare-special-unique-cult/|title=On Choice, Revolution, and a "Rare, Special, Unique" Cult|work=Counterpunch|date=August 12, 2022 |accessdate=2024-01-22))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://theintercept.com/2022/07/14/rise-up-4-abortion-rights-protests-revcom/|title=Abortion Rights Activists Call New Group Leading Protests A Front For A Far-Left Cult|work=The Intercept|date=July 14, 2022 |accessdate=2024-01-22))</ref>

==History==
===Bay Area Revolutionary Union===

In early 1968, Avakian, [[Leibel Bergman]], [[H. Bruce Franklin]], [[Stephen Charles Hamilton]] and a score or so others—comprising both veterans of the Communist Party USA and Bay Area radicals based in [[Palo Alto, California|Palo Alto]], Berkeley, and San Francisco, formed the [[Bay Area Revolutionary Union]] (BARU). Among the BARU's first tasks was to challenge the Maoist [[Progressive Labor Party (United States)|Progressive Labor Party]] (PLP) over its positions on the Black Panther Party, the [[Chinese Cultural Revolution]] and the direction of Maoism. The early RU joined with the Revolutionary Youth Movement faction in the [[Students for a Democratic Society]] (SDS) in opposing PLP's role in SDS at its national convention in Chicago in 1969. The resulting split led to PLP controlling the SDS name, while RYM split into two factions.<ref>((harvnb|Leonard|Gallagher|2015|pp=Chapters 1–2))</ref>

The RU organized on a revolutionary [[Anti-revisionism|anti-revisionist]] [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] and [[Maoist]] party line, with emphasis on the Black liberation struggle and the liberation of all colonized peoples in and outside the United States. This political philosophy was elaborated in the 1969 pamphlet ''The Red Papers'' (later known as ''Red Papers'' I, after subsequent publications).<ref name=":0">((Cite book|title=Heavy Radicals: The FBI's War on America's Maoists|last1=Leonard|first1=Aaron J.|last2=Gallagher|first2=Conor A.|publisher=Zero Books|year=2014|location=Winchester|pages=10–34))</ref>((sfn|Elbaum|2002|pp=95–99))

In 1971, Franklin led a more militant faction of BARU out of the organization to join [[Venceremos (political organization)|Venceremos]]. The RU continued to expand, uniting [[collective]]s<ref>((Cite news|url=http://revcom.us/avakian/bob_avakian_official_biography/Bob_Avakian_(BA)_Official_Biography-Part-1-en.html|title=Bob Avakian (BA)—Official Biography—Part 1: Formative Experiences, Critical Junctures, Decisive Leadership|work=revcom.us|access-date=2018-08-19))</ref> across the country and becoming a national organization with the long-term goal to form a new [[communist party]]. The new nationwide structure induced BARU to change its name to simply the Revolutionary Union (RU). Avakian was elected to the central committee of the RU shortly thereafter. The RCP claims that of the various groups coming out of SDS, it was the first to seriously attempt to develop itself at the theoretical level, with the publication of ''Red Papers 1''.<ref>((cite web|title=Red Papers 1|publisher=Originally published by the Bay Area Revolutionary Union, now available online thanks to Marxists.org's Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line project|date=Spring 1969|url=http://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1/red-papers-1/index.htm))</ref> In 1974, RU started publication of its newspaper ''Revolution'' (renamed ''Revolutionary Worker,'' and adopting a weekly format in 1979).

In 1973, the anti-war group [[Vietnam Veterans Against the War]] (VVAW) entered into reforms after the end of the [[Vietnam War]], including an explicitly [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] stance and opening its membership to civilians. During this period, the RU became a popular faction within the VVAW, and RU members gained influential positions in the VVAW, including in the national council.<ref name="Andrew E. Hunt 1999, p. 188">Andrew E. Hunt. ''The Turning: A History of Vietnam Veterans Against the War'', New York University Press, 1999, p. 188</ref> This reached its peak in 1975, when the RU-controlled national office voted to remove members, expel chapters and place the organization into ideological uniformity.<ref>((harvnb|Elbaum|2002|pp=192–193|ps=: ...in April 1975 the RU- controlled national office moved decisively to assert full control over the organization it expelled a number of chapters, drove out scores of individuals and then imposed programmatic uniformity on those members who remains. Within a very few months, VVAW/WSI declined to a small core of RU cadre and close supporters."))</ref> They later voted to dissolve themselves into the Revolutionary Union.

A reconstituted group of non-Marxist members of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War filed and won a lawsuit prohibiting the RU-dominated group from using the VVAW name, logos and materials.<ref name="vvaw">((cite web|url=http://www.vvaw.org/about/vvawai.php|title=VVAW Official Website – Court Order|access-date=2007-03-22))</ref> Deep animosity persists between the two organizations.<ref name="Andrew E. Hunt 1999, p. 188"/> The RU organization was renamed ''Vietnam Veterans Against the War Anti-Imperialist'' (VVAW-AI).

===Formation===

In September 1975, after the integration of the Revolutionary Union's faction of the VVAW, RU reconstituted itself as the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP).<ref>((harvnb|Elbaum|2002|pp=[https://archive.org/details/revolutionairsix00elba/page/n105 191]–193)): "It [the RU] convened a congress in September 1975 that formally disbanded RU and founded the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP)..."</ref>

After the [[Death and state funeral of Mao Zedong|death of Mao]] in 1976, the RCP split, with about 40% of its membership leaving, over which position to take in relation to the new Chinese leadership. Avakian led the majority of the party that rejected what it analyzed as a counterrevolutionary coup against [[Gang of Four|Mao's allies]]. After this split, Avakian wrote and published the book ''Mao Tsetung's Immortal Contributions'',<ref>((Cite book|title=Mao Tsetung's Immortal Contributions - Amazon|isbn=0898510465|last1=Avakian|first1=Bob|year=1979|publisher=RCP Publications ))</ref> which summarizes the developments of [[Maoism]].

In January 1979, Avakian and 78 other Party members and supporters were arrested and charged with various crimes in connection to a militant protest against [[Deng Xiaoping]]'s visit to the White House. Seventeen demonstrators, including Avakian, were charged with multiple felonies that carried a combined sentence of up to 241 years.<ref>((Cite book|title=Bob Avakian Speaks on the Mao Tsetung Defendants Railroad and the Historic Battles Ahead|last=Avakian|first=Bob|publisher=RCP Publications|year=1981|isbn=0-89851-047-3|location=Chicago, IL|pages=1))</ref> After the RCP and its supporters waged a mass campaign for political, legal, and other support for the defendants, the charges were dropped in 1982, by which time Party leadership had decided to go into [[exile]], with Avakian applying for [[political asylum]] in France, where he remained for many years.

===1980s–2000s===
((primary sources|section|date=August 2022))
The RCP organized May Day 1980 rallies in 16 cities across the U.S., including Los Angeles, New York, Portland, Seattle, and Washington, D.C.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.bannedthought.net/USA/RCP/RW/1980/RW053B-English.pdf|title=MAY 1st 1980: REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS STORM HISTORY's STAGE|date=May 5, 1980|work=Revolutionary Worker))</ref> Weeks before the May Day demonstrations, RCP member Damian Garcia and two others climbed [[Alamo Mission in San Antonio|the Alamo]], tearing down the American flag from its pole, and raising the [[Red flag (politics)|Red Flag]] in its place before being arrested. Shortly thereafter, on April 22, Garcia was stabbed to death<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/collections/ktla/clips/los-angeles-detective-briefs-reporters-damian-garcia-homicide|title=Los Angeles detective briefs reporters on Damian Garcia homicide|website=UCLA Film and Television Archive))</ref> while organizing in a Los Angeles [[Aliso Village|housing project]]. At the time, police said that Garcia's murderer was gang-affiliated, while RCP insisted that he had been assassinated by the state in retaliation for his action at the Alamo. Avakian remarked in his memoir that Garcia's murder was "very clearly tied in with police agents ... it was an attack on our Party."<ref>((Cite book|title=From Ike to Mao and Beyond: My Journey from Mainstream America to Revolutionary Communist|last=Avakian|first=Bob|publisher=Insight Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0976023623|pages=408))</ref>

In 1984 Avakian and other members of the RCP co-founded the [[Revolutionary Internationalist Movement]] (RIM), a now-defunct international grouping of Maoist parties, which were united by a founding declaration upholding [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism|Marxism-Leninism-Maoism]]. Other participating parties in RIM included the [[Shining Path|Communist Party of Peru (Shining Path)]], the [[Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran)]], and the [[Revolutionary Communist Group of Colombia]]. RIM published and distributed the magazine and news service ''A World to Win'' from 1981 to 2006. Since RIM's dissolution in the 2000s, the publication is updated only on its website. In 2017, ''A World to Win'' was restructured as "a more thorough-going tool for revolution based on Bob Avakian's new synthesis of communism."<ref>((Cite web|url=https://aworldtowinns.co.uk/editorial/|title=Editorial Introducing a transformed AWTWNS|website=A World to Win News Service))</ref>

Flag-burning by RCP members led to the ''[[Texas v. Johnson]]'' case, which established the burning of the American flag as a constitutionally protected right.((citation needed|date=August 2022))

===2010s===
In 2011, RCP spokesperson [[Carl Dix]] and [[Cornel West]] co-initiated the campaigns to ''Stop "Stop and Frisk"'' and ''Stop Mass Incarceration''.<ref>((cite web|url=https://newsone.com/2467979/cornel-west-carl-dix-mass-incarceration/|title=Activists Cornel West And Carl Dix Hold Mass Incarceration Dialogue In N.Y.C.|date=May 21, 2013|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://allhiphop.com/features/carl-dix-talks-ending-police-brutality-marching-with-cornel-west-shutting-em-down-t9Nrdgrcq0-zv0Vj5iF0RA/|title=Carl Dix Talks Ending Police Brutality, Marching With Cornel West & Shutting 'Em Down|website=AllHipHop.com|access-date=April 17, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702055448/https://allhiphop.com/features/carl-dix-talks-ending-police-brutality-marching-with-cornel-west-shutting-em-down-t9Nrdgrcq0-zv0Vj5iF0RA/|url-status=dead))</ref> Dix and West appeared on ''[[Democracy Now!|Democracy Now]]!'' to discuss the state of Black America in the age of Obama.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2009/7/22/cornel_west_and_carl_dix_on |title=Cornel West and Carl Dix on Race and Politics in the Age of Obama|website=Democracy Now!|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> RCP organized ''Rise Up October'' against racism and police brutality; attendees included [[Quentin Tarantino]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/an-interview-with-carl-di_b_8580844|title=An Interview With Carl Dix On: Racism, Police Brutality, Ferguson & Rise Up October|first1=George|last1=Elerick|date=November 18, 2015|website=HuffPost|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

In July 2016, mass protest and police arrests erupted over a flag-burning by the RCP outside the Republican National Convention before a crowd of thousands.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/cleveland-police-arrest-protesters-flag-burning-outside-rnc|title=Cleveland police arrest protesters after flag burning outside RNC|date=July 20, 2016|publisher=PBS|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref><ref>((cite magazine|url=http://time.com/4415901/republican-convention-protest-flag-burning/|title=Watch Protest Erupt Over Flag-Burning Outside GOP Convention|magazine=Time|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> The next week, the RCP staged another flag burning outside the Democratic National Convention after denouncing the United States.<ref>((cite web|url=https://deadspin.com/communists-dnc-flag-burning-interrupted-by-desean-jacks-1784488205|title=Communists' DNC Flag-Burning Interrupted By DeSean Jackson Fanboy|first=Patrick|last=Redford|website=Deadspin|date=July 28, 2016 |access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> Later that year, in response to [[Donald Trump]]'s tweet calling for the criminalization of flag burning, RCP supporters burned another American flag outside the Trump International Hotel in New York City.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/burn-flag-outside-trump-hotel_n_583edecce4b04fcaa4d5d8c3|title=People Burn The Flag Outside Trump Hotel To Protest His Latest Tweet|date=November 30, 2016|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

In October 2016, RCP supporters were banned from the [[University of Chicago]] for trespassing after encouraging students to get organized with the revolutionaries, with one activist arrested by police;<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.chicagomaroon.com/article/2016/10/26/video-communist-protester-arrested-standing-table/|title=Video: Communist Protester Arrested After Standing on Table in Dining Hall|website=Chicagomaroon.com|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> the next day, they returned to defy the ban, while denouncing U.S. elections and America.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.chicagomaroon.com/article/2016/11/2/communist-returns-campus-arrest-ban/|title=Communist Returns to Campus After Arrest, Ban|website=Chicago Maroon |access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>((better source needed|Reason=WP:RSSM|date=August 2022))

In August 2016, the RCP led protesters in a two-day march on a barricaded police station after the fatal shooting of a black man by Milwaukee police;<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/ct-milwaukee-police-shooting-fallout-met-20160815-story.html|title=Chicago-based RevCom downplays Milwaukee role, calls protest 'righteous'|first=Tony|last=Briscoe|website=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> the police chief said the RCP had incited violence toward police.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/midwest/ct-milwaukee-police-shooting-protests-20160814-story.html|title=Milwaukee police chief blames Chicago-based activists for violence toward police|website=Chicago Tribune|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>
[[File:Revcoms-at-immigration-march-Chicago-2019.jpg|thumb|261x261px|RCP supporters at an immigration rights march in Chicago, 2019.]]
RCP members handed out fliers outside the San Diego Levi's Stadium in support of [[Colin Kaepernick]] and [[U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)|NFL protests of the U.S. national anthem]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2016/09/12/kaepernick-stays-in-spotlight-from-49ers-bench/|title=Kaepernick And Reid Again Take Knee For Anthem|work=CBS Bay Area|date=September 12, 2016|access-date=January 15, 2021))</ref>

In December 2016, in response to [[2016 United States presidential election|the election of Donald Trump]], the RCP helped initiate and lead the ad-hoc coalition [[Refuse Fascism]], which had as its goal the prevention of [[Inauguration of Donald Trump|Trump's inauguration]] through mass political protest and civil disobedience. After the inauguration, the organization adjusted to a mission of launching sustained mass protests aimed at forcing the removal of the Trump administration before the scheduled election of 2020.((citation needed|date=June 2022))

In July 2018, Refuse Fascism and RCP organized 100 handmaids to protest U.S. Vice President [[Mike Pence]] in New York City, saying "[he] is a Christian fascist theocrat for whom [[the handmaid's tale]] is a model."<ref>((cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/handmaids-protest-mike-pence-kirstjen-nielsen-manhattan/story?id=56936641|title='Handmaids' protest Mike Pence, Kirstjen Nielsen in Manhattan|date=July 31, 2018|publisher=ABC News|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>((original research inline|Reason=RCP logos are in photos, but not mentioned by RS|date=August 2022))

In October 2018, the RCP organized a demonstration in Chicago's Daley Plaza on the 23rd Annual "National Day of Protest to STOP Police Brutality," in response to the police [[murder of Laquan McDonald]] and other black youth.<ref>((cite web|url=https://wgnradio.com/2018/10/22/rally-to-stop-police-brutality/|title=Rally to Stop Police Brutality|date=October 22, 2018|publisher=WGN Radio|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://amsterdamnews.com/news/2018/oct/25/october-22-coalition-stop-police-brutality-still-g/|title=October 22 Coalition to Stop Police Brutality still going after 23 years|website=Amsterdamnews.com|date=October 25, 2018|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

During the Q&A at a February 2019 event at [[University of Southern California|USC]], RCP supporters sparked controversy after criticizing speaker [[Amanda Nguyen]]'s work in the [[U.S. government]] during the [[War on Terror]].<ref>((Cite web|url=http://dailytrojan.com/2019/02/14/visions-and-voices-event-disrupted-by-revcom/|title=Visions and Voices event disrupted by RevCom|last=Lazas|first=Maddie|date=2019-02-14|website=Daily Trojan|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-23))</ref>((better source needed|Reason=WP:RSSM|date=August 2022))

In March 2019, police detained a ''Revolution Newspaper'' correspondent on the anniversary of the police [[shooting of Stephon Clark]], after the correspondent got into an argument with [[Al Sharpton]] while urging attendees to organize for revolution rather than political reforms.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/article228103274.html|title=New York activist detained after incident at Sharpton press conference |work=The Sacramento Bee|date=March 18, 2019|author=Hector Amezcua|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

On [[International Women's Day]] 2019, the Revolution Club joined supporters of the [[Communist Party of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)]], to march through Westwood, California, calling for universal women's rights.<ref>((cite web|url=http://dailybruin.com/2019/03/09/revolution-club-leads-march-through-westwood-in-support-of-universal-womens-rights/|title=Revolution Club leads march through Westwood in support of universal women's rights|website=Daily Bruin|date=March 9, 2019|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>((better source needed|reason=[[WP:RSSM]]|date=August 2022))

On Independence Day 2019, the RCP staged [[Flag desecration|flag burnings]] at the [[Mexico–United States border|U.S.–Mexico border]] and the White House, the latter being a demonstration against the "[[2019 Salute to America|Salute to America]]" military parade, which resulted in two RCP supporters being attacked by the [[Proud Boys]] and arrested by [[United States Secret Service|Secret Service]] officers.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-communists-flag-burning-maga-proud-boys-4th-of-july-a8989291.html|title=Trump supporters and communists in violent clashes after Fourth of July flag burning|date=2019-07-05|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=2019-09-23))</ref><ref>((Cite news|last1=Hermann|first1=Peter|last2=Demkovich|first2=Laurel|date=5 July 2019|title=Activist at center of landmark case allowing flag burning faces charges after melee in front of White House|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/activist-at-center-of-landmark-case-allowing-flag-burning-faces-charges-after-melee-in-front-of-white-house/2019/07/05/a67b7ac0-9f31-11e9-b27f-ed2942f73d70_story.html|access-date=2020-07-03|newspaper=Washington Post|language=en))</ref>

=== 2020s ===

== Political ideology ==
The RCP originated as a [[Maoist]] political organization with roots in the [[New Left]] of the 1970s.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-3/rcp-history.htm |title=Important Struggles in Building the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA|website=Marxists.org|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> In the 1990s, its political ideology was Marxism–Leninism–Maoism.<ref>((cite web|url=https://revcom.us/a/ideology/mlm.htm|title=Our Ideology is Marxism-Leninism-Maoism|website=Revcom.us|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> Today, the framework for its political ideology is Avakian's "New Synthesis" (or "New Communism"), which it sees as an advancement of revolutionary theory; this has been debated among Maoists internationally, most of whom do not take it seriously.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://cpimlm.com/showfile.php?cId=1032&tb=eng&Id=30&pgn=1|title=Our rupture from the Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan|website=cpimlm.com|access-date=May 22, 2019|archive-date=April 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429182209/http://cpimlm.com/showfile.php?cId=1032&tb=eng&Id=30&pgn=1|url-status=dead))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.jalands.org/s/Against-Avakianism.pdf|title=AGAINST AVAKIANISM : AJITH|website=Jalands.org |access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> The RCP is [[atheist]] and claim to stress the [[scientific method]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.bookdepository.com/Science-Revolution-Ardea-Skybreak/9780976023616 |title=Science and Revolution : Ardea Skybreak : 9780976023616|website=Bookdepository.com|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

RCP leadership says "the system cannot be reformed, it must be overthrown,"<ref>((cite web|url=http://chicagorevolutionbooks.blogspot.com/|title=Revolution Books Chicago|website=Chicagorevolutionbooks.blogspot.com|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> and does not participate in charity or elections,<ref name="berkeley.edu" /> instead organizing for total revolution,<ref>((cite web|url=https://bobavakian.net/rcpworks/rcpconstitution.html|title=Constitution of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA|website=Bobavakian.net |access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> to replace the capitalist system with a socialist system aiming for communism worldwide.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-3/rcp-program/constitution.htm|title=Programme and Constitution of the Revolutionary Communist Party USA|website=Marxists.org |access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> Its goal is not to "make America socialist" but instead "a world without America and everything it stands for."<ref>((Cite web |url=https://www.chicagomaroon.com/article/2019/4/16/whats-really-going-revcom-party-outlook/|title=What's Really Going On: the RevCom Party Outlook|website=Chicago Maroon))</ref>
[[File:Spanish language Revolutionary Communist Party, USA Posters in Cleveland, Ohio.jpg|thumb|RCP posters in [[Cleveland]], 2023.]]
Since the 2000s, Avakian's "new communism" is the RCP's ideological framework,<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2016/02/524211.html|title=The New Synthesis of Communism: Six Resolutions of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA|website=Indymedia UK|access-date=March 21, 2019))</ref> which it considers a scientific advancement of Marxism–Leninism–Maoism. Before that, the party was a founding member of the [[Revolutionary Internationalist Movement]].

===Cult of personality===

The RCP began developing a cult of personality around Avakian as part of the 1979 pivot catalyzed by the Deng Xiaoping protest trial. The goal was to both increase support for Avakian in the legal arena while also making RCP a more revolutionary organization, inspired by [[Joseph Stalin's cult of personality]], [[Mao Zedong's cult of personality]], and the more recent [[Free Huey|Free Huey! campaign]] in which Avakian had participated. Relying on the theory of [[Georgy Plekhanov]] and framing the development of a [[cult]] as a [[Scientific socialism|scientific]] organizational strategy, Avakian was put forward as a larger-than-life figure to revitalize the group.<ref>((harvnb|Leonard|Gallagher|2015|pp=228–230))</ref>

Members of both the left and the broader public often see the RCP as a small cult around Avakian. This perception was noted in ''[[The Indypendent]]'' in 2014,<ref name=Indypendent2014>((cite news |url=https://indypendent.org/2014/11/my-afternoon-with-chairman-bob-avakian-2|newspaper=[[The Indypendent]]|title=My Afternoon with Chairman Bob Avakian|first=Sam|last=Dock|date=Nov 21, 2014))</ref> ''Harper's'' in 2016,<ref name=Harpers /> [[Mic (media company)|Mic]] in 2017,<ref>((cite web | url=https://www.mic.com/articles/185680/the-far-right-thinks-a-violent-antifa-overthrow-is-coming-nov-4-but-the-truth-is-far-stranger | first=Jack |last=Smith IV |date=November 2, 2017 |work=[[Mic (media company)|Mic]]|title=The far-right thinks a violent antifa overthrow is coming Nov. 4, but the truth is far stranger |quote=The RCP is often referred to as a communist doomsday cult that is obsessed with Avakian, its mysterious leader, and hastens unto a final emancipation of humanity through a populist revolution.))</ref> and ''[[Vice magazine]]'' in 2022.<ref name=Vice>((cite news |last1=Merlan |first1=Anna |title=The Abortion Rights Group Other Activists Want Nothing to Do With |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/4axx7q/the-abortion-rights-group-other-activists-want-nothing-to-do-with |access-date=12 August 2022 |work=Vice |date=August 4, 2022 |language=en))</ref> Members and groups on the left, in organized labor, and in protest movements have called RCP a cult. In 2016, former USLAW national coordinator Michael Eisenscher called RCP primarily "a cult around Avakian".<ref name=Harpers /> In June 2022, a coalition of 23 abortion rights, feminist, and mutual-aid groups released a statement denouncing RCP and the affiliated organization [[Rise Up 4 Abortion Rights]], including a description of RCP as a cult.<ref name=Vice /><ref>((cite news |last1=Mackey |first1=Robert |title=Abortion Rights Activists Call New Group Leading Protests a Front for a Far-Left Cult |url=https://theintercept.com/2022/07/14/rise-up-4-abortion-rights-protests-revcom/ |work=The Intercept |date=July 14, 2022 |language=en))</ref><ref>((cite news |title=Statement Against RiseUp4AbortionRights |url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTK9_SCexYezxIplFRbQPTn-hNXp7o2kUBJamwXC4-yzeVcfSmDglx9iL3zOfeo66SHX3T9ktjmUAt_/pub |access-date=12 August 2022))</ref>

RCP members celebrate the organization as a [[cult of personality]] around Avakian.<ref>((cite web | url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-5/call-avakian.htm | title=Bob Avakian: Dangerous, yes, but not to capitalism |date=September 10, 1979 |work=The Call  |first=Paul |last=Saba |via=Marxism.org))</ref><ref>((cite web | url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/how-maoists-are-like-scie_b_83555 | title=How Maoists Are Like Scientologists |date=January 28, 2008|first=Mark |last=Oppenheimer |quote=But, more important, both [Scientology and RCPUSA] are terrific latter-day examples of cults of personality.... And Avakian's supporters have been increasingly frank that they actually want a cult of personality around Bob Avakian (although they call it a 'cult of appreciation').))</ref><ref name=Harpers>((cite magazine |url=https://harpers.org/archive/2016/02/left-of-bernie/|title=Left of Bernie: On stupidity and transcendence|magazine=Harper's Magazine|date=February 2016|volume=February 2016|last1=Keizer|first1=Garret|quote="What the R.C.P. has come to be best known for, however, is its unqualified veneration of Bob Avakian. He contends that the creation of a personality cult around his leadership was both deliberate and strategically desirable....Eisenscher does not hold the Revolutionary Communist Party in much esteem. He sees it primarily as 'a cult around Avakian.'"))</ref> RCP publications say that the RCP and Avakian have encouraged controversy and serious debate over their views and a wide range of issues, engaging in numerous debates and polemics, while also taking a strong stand against destructive allegations in place of principled dialogue and building unity for what they term "the emancipation of humanity".<ref>((cite web |last1=Avakian |first1=Bob |title=BA Answers Accusation of "Cult": IGNORANCE, AND COWARDICE |url=https://revcom.us/en/bob_avakian/bob-avakian-answers-accusations-cult-ignorance-and-cowardice |access-date=22 June 2021 |agency=revcom.us |date=22 June 2021))</ref><ref>((cite web |last1=Avakian |first1=Bob |title=Bob Avakian Speaks to "Cult": A Ridiculous, Ignorant, and Irresponsible Accusation |url=https://revcom.us/en/bob_avakian/bob-avakian-speaks-cult-ridiculous-ignorant-and-irresponsible-accusation |access-date=22 July 2022 |agency=revcom.us |date=14 February 2022))</ref><ref>((cite web |last=revcom.us |title=Haters Who "Don't Want to Hear About BA" Are Telling On Themselves |url=https://revcom.us/en/bob_avakian/haters-who-dont-want-hear-about-ba-are-telling-themselves |access-date=4 July 2022 |agency=revcom.us |date=28 June 2022))</ref><ref>((cite web |last=revcom.us |title=BA: A Contended Question|url=https://revcom.us/en/a/278/ba_contended_question-en.html |access-date=4 July 2022 |agency=revcom.us |date=28 June 2022))</ref>((primary-inline|date=February 2024))

=== LGBT issues ===
In the 1970s and 1980s, the RCP called [[homosexuality]] "petty bourgeois" and prohibited LGBT people from joining the party.<ref>((harvnb|Leonard|Gallagher|2015|pp=186–187))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-8/rcp-gay.htm|title=RCP: Hit for antigay-rights line|first=Paul|last=Saba|date=June 16, 1976|work=The Guardian|via=Marxists.org|access-date=2018-11-25))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-8/spart-ru-gay.htm|title=Toward A Scientific Analysis of the Gay Question, RU Position Paper|via=Marxists.org|work=Young Spartacus|access-date=2018-11-25|first=Paul|last=Saba|date=November 1974|volume=26))</ref> This outlook coexisted with a public line against [[gay-bashing]] and attacks on homosexuals by religious bigots and fundamentalists, and was consistent with numerous groups of the [[New Communist movement]] and the broader Marxist–Leninist movement of the period.<ref>((harvnb|Elbaum|2002|pp=138–139|ps=: "The first wave of party builders also foundered in addressing the oppression of gay men and lesbians. Doctrinally, most of the movement simply ignored this issue, though the ''Guardian'' did decide by 1971 that it was appropriate to include opposition to discrimination against gays under the broad rubric of defending democratic rights. But whatever was formally said or not said, for the most part the movement's attitude toward homosexuality and the gay movement was decidedly negative. Fundamentally, most Marxists-Leninists shared the homophobia prevalent in society as a whole, and on the issue of gay rights they surrendered to prejudice instead of analyzing and opposing it."))</ref> The party's policy against homosexuality ended in 2001.<ref>((cite magazine|author=Revolutionary Communist Party |title=On the Question of Homosexuality and the Emancipation of Women |magazine=Revolution |date=Spring 1988 |publisher=Revolutionary Communist Party))</ref> The RCP platform now demands full recognition of [[LGBT rights]] as a fundamental element of establishing socialism.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://revcom.us/margorp/homosexuality.htm#N_1_|title=RCP, USA: On the Position on Homosexuality in the New Draft Programme|website=Revcom.us|access-date=2018-11-25))</ref>

==Activities ==

The RCP releases daily updates online and a periodic print edition of its weekly newspaper, ''Revolution'' (formerly called ''Revolutionary Worker'', 1979–2005), in English and Spanish.

In December 2016, party members and others co-initiated Refuse Fascism, a coalition group aiming to "drive out" the [[Trump administration]] through sustained street protests.<ref>((cite web|url=http://revcom.us/a/464/in-the-name-of-humanity-we-refuse-to-accept-a-fascist-america-en.html|title=In the Name of Humanity, We Refuse To Accept a Fascist America|website=Revcom.us|access-date=December 29, 2017))</ref> [[InfoWars]] and other [[Far-right politics|far-right]] [[conspiracy theory]] websites claimed the RCP and Refuse Fascism were organizing a military overthrow of the government on November 4, 2017.<ref>((cite news|last1=Hayden|first1=Michael Edison|title='Antifa' waging civil war on November 4, according to right wing conspiracy|url=http://www.newsweek.com/antifa-waging-civil-war-november-4-right-wing-conspiracy-theory-681219|access-date=13 February 2018|work=Newsweek|date=11 October 2017))</ref> Several nationwide anti-Trump protest marches were organized for that day, numbering in the thousands.<ref>((cite news|last1=Strickland|first1=Patrick|title=Far-right conspiracies fizzle amid anti-Trump rallies|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/11/conspiracies-fizzle-anti-trump-rallies-171104234340659.html|access-date=13 February 2018|work=Al Jazeera|date=4 November 2017))</ref><ref name="smith">((cite web|url=https://mic.com/articles/185680/the-far-right-thinks-a-violent-antifa-overthrow-is-coming-nov-4-but-the-truth-is-far-stranger|title=The far-right thinks a violent antifa overthrow is coming Nov. 4, but the truth is far stranger|last=Smith|first=Jack IV|date=November 2, 2017|work=[[Mic.com]]|access-date=November 3, 2017))</ref>

Refuse Fascism protesters were arrested in September 2017 after blocking four lanes of the 101 Freeway in Los Angeles during rush hour, to "sound the alarm about fascism."<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.laweekly.com/news/why-did-protesters-block-the-101-and-what-does-nov-4-mean-8694296|title=Why Did Protesters Block Traffic on the 101 This Week?|first=Jason|last=McGahan|date=September 29, 2017|website=L.A. Weekly|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.pasadenastarnews.com/2017/11/21/anti-trump-protest-shuts-down-101-freeway-in-downtown-la/|title=Anti-Trump protest shuts down 101 Freeway in downtown LA|date=November 21, 2017|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref>

RCP supporters Michael Slate and [[Sunsara Taylor]] have regularly aired shows on radio networks [[KPFK]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.kpfk.org/on-air/michael-slate/|title=Michael Slate|website=KPFK 90.7 FM|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> and [[WBAI]],<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.wbai.org/program.php?program=311|title=WBAI Radio - NYC|website=Wbai.org|access-date=April 17, 2019))</ref> respectively, where they discuss news and politics with guests.

=== Revolution Books ===
RCP branches opened Revolution Books stores in major U.S. cities and became a frequent presence in protest movements.<ref name="berkeley.edu">((cite web|first=Krissy|last=Eliot|url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-08-17/struggle-continues-checking-revolution-books|title=The Struggle Continues: Checking in With Revolution Books|date=December 19, 2016|publisher=Cal Alumni Association|access-date=April 17, 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126092607/https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2016-12-22/struggle-continues-checking-revolution-books |archive-date=January 26, 2017))</ref>

=== Prison outreach ===

The RCP runs the Prisoners Revolutionary Literature Fund,<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.afsc.org/event/benefit-prisoners-revolutionary-literature-fund|title=A Benefit for Prisoner's Revolutionary Literature Fund|date=August 25, 2010|website=American Friends Service Committee|access-date=April 24, 2019|archive-date=April 24, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424055531/https://www.afsc.org/event/benefit-prisoners-revolutionary-literature-fund|url-status=dead))</ref> which sends its newspaper and other political works from its publishing press to hundreds of incarcerated people nationwide to spread a revolutionary message.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://dailynorthwestern.com/2009/10/11/city/local-cafe-hosts-benefit-for-nationwide-prisoners-literature-fund/|title=Local cafe hosts benefit for nationwide prisoners literature fund|first=Amie|last=Ninh|date=October 11, 2009))</ref> As its aim, the fund "provides an educational opportunity for prisoners to engage with world events and key political, cultural, and philosophical questions from a unique communistic perspective, including discussions of morality, religion, science, and the arts centered around a positive socialist-light."<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.prlf.org/|title=Prisoners Revolutionary Literature Fund|website=P R L F))</ref>

The RCP has faced increasing censorship by prison officials who seek to deny inmates access to revolutionary literature.<ref>((cite web|access-date=2019-06-09|title=Censored: calls for a revolution|url=http://sfbgarchive.48hills.org/sfbgarchive/2010/07/20/censored-calls-revolution/|first=Rebecca|last=Bowe|newspaper=San Francisco Bay Guardian|via=San Francisco Bay Guardian Archive))</ref>

== References ==
((Reflist))

== Bibliography ==

=== Books ===
* ((cite book |last1=Elbaum |first1=Max |authorlink1=Max Elbaum |title=Revolution in the air : sixties radicals turn to Lenin, Mao and Che |date=2002 |publisher=Verso |location=London |isbn=9781859846179 |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutioninairs0000elba))
* ((cite book |last1=Leonard |first1=Aaron J. |last2=Gallagher |first2=Conor A. |title=Heavy Radicals - The FBI's Secret War on America's Maoists: The Revolutionary Union / Revolutionary Communist Party 1968-1980 |date=February 27, 2015 |publisher=[[Zero Books]] |isbn=978-1-78279-533-9 |language=en))
*[https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1/red-papers-1/index.htm ''The Red Paper I'' (1972)]

== External links ==
*((official))

((Communist Parties in the United States))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Revolutionary Communist Party, Usa))
[[Category:Revolutionary Communist Party, USA| ]]
[[Category:COINTELPRO targets]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1975]]
[[Category:1975 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Anti-revisionist organizations]]
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[[Category:Maoist parties in the United States]]
[[Category:Cults of personality]]

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