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((Short description|Speech by the President of the Philippines))
((Use Philippine English|date=July 2022))
((Use mdy dates|date=June 2014))
((more citations needed|date=January 2008))
((Infobox recurring event
| name               = State of the Nation Address
| native_name        = 
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| image              = First State of the Nation Address of Bongbong Marcos, 25 July 2022.jpg
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| alt                = 
| caption            = President [[Bongbong Marcos]] delivers [[2022 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)|his first State of the Nation Address]] at the Session Hall of the [[Batasang Pambansa Complex]] on July 25, 2022
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| begins             = <!-- ((start date|YYYY|mm|dd)) -->
| ends               = <!-- ((end date|YYYY|mm|dd)) -->
| frequency          = Annually; 4th Monday of July
| venue              = [[Batasang Pambansa Complex]]
| location           = [[Quezon City]]
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| country            = [[Philippines]]
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))
The '''State of the Nation Address''' ('''SONA'''; ((lang-fil|Talumpati sa Kalagayan ng Bansa<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/opinion/2018/07/22/1835646/state-nation-address-necessary|title=Is a State of the Nation Address necessary?|last=Pedrosa|first=Carmen N.|author-link=Carmen Pedrosa|date=2018-07-22|website=philstar.com|publisher=[[The Philippine Star]]|access-date=2019-07-26))</ref>))) is an annual address by the [[president of the Philippines]] to a [[joint session]] of the [[Congress of the Philippines]]. Mandated by the [[Constitution of the Philippines|1987 Constitution]], the speech is delivered every fourth Monday of July at the Plenary Session Hall of the [[Batasang Pambansa Complex]] in [[Batasan Hills]], [[Quezon City]].

The SONA, which is often broadcast, serves as a means to inform the nation about its present economic, political, and social condition. It is also a vehicle for the president to summarize the accomplishments and plans of their program of government both for a particular year and until the end of their [[term of office]].

==Ceremonial of the President==
The Address is usually delivered at around 16:00 [[Philippine Standard Time|PST]] ([[UTC+8]]). Before the appointed time, legislators enter the Plenary Session Hall, with members of Congress and their consorts in recent years sporting traditionally-inspired bespoke couture that, in some cases, expresses their legislative agenda or ideological leanings.

The President meanwhile arrives at the Batasang Pambansa Complex some minutes before the beginning of the joint session, and enters the main building through a back entrance. The President is then welcomed with military honors, and greeted by the Speaker of the House, the President of the Senate, and the welcoming committee, before proceeding to the Presidential Legislate Liaison Office.

The President then enters the Plenary Session Hall as the [[We Say Mabuhay|Presidential Anthem]] is played. The Secretary General introduces the President, who approaches the rostrum and is seated. The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House then convene the joint session, and the House of Representatives Choir leads the now standing assembly in singing ''[[Lupang Hinirang]]''. Representatives of various [[Religion in the Philippines|religious group]]s then lead the assembly in an ecumenical prayer.

The Speaker then introduces the President in English or Filipino with words similar to the following: 
((cquote|"[Ladies and gentlemen], [honorable] members of [the] Congress [of the Philippines], [[Excellency|[His/Her Excellency]]], [''Name''], [the] President [of (the Republic of) the Philippines]."))

The Address, which can last anywhere from one to several hours, is broadcast on television, radio, and online streaming by state agencies such as Radio Television Malacañang, as well as private media organizations.

==History==
((see|List of State of the Nation Addresses (Philippines)))
===Malolos Congress===
An early form of the Address was in place during the [[First Philippine Republic]], which was established in 1899 in [[Malolos]], [[Bulacan]]. The revolutionary government took ideas from European [[parliament]]s, where the magisterial role of the [[head of state]] in the legislature was to mark the legislature's official opening.

The [[Malolos Constitution]] of 1899 provided for the President to preside over the opening of Congress, as well as convey his messages to the legislature through a secretary. When [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] addressed the [[Malolos Congress]] in [[Spanish language in the Philippines|Spanish]] on September 15, 1898, he simply congratulated the formation of the first representative body of the Philippines and Asia. This is not considered a State of the Nation Address because the Malolos Constitution did not explicitly provide for one.

===American Period===
The State of the Nation Address as an annual practice began during the [[Commonwealth of the Philippines|Commonwealth Era]].<ref name=HistOfficalGaz>((cite web|title=Historical Background of the State of the Nation Address|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2011/07/22/historical-background-of-the-state-of-the-nation-address/|work=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|Official Gazette]]|publisher=President of the Philippines|access-date=January 27, 2014))</ref>

The [[Jones Law (Philippines)|Jones Act]] enacted in 1916 was the first instance where a report about the [[Insular Government|Philippine Islands]] was required to be submitted. However, the law only mandated a report by the [[Governor-General of the Philippines|Governor-General]] to an executive office assigned by the [[President of the United States]]. This was in the form of a written document that discussed the transactions and movements of the [[Insular Government]].

When the Commonwealth of the Philippines was created and the [[1935 Constitution of the Philippines|1935 Constitution]] enacted, it provided for an annual report of the President of the Philippines to Congress:

<blockquote>"The President shall from time to time give to the Congress information on the state of the Nation, and recommend to its consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient."<ref name=HistOfficalGaz /></blockquote>

The first formal State of the Nation Address was delivered by President [[Manuel L. Quezon]] on June 16, 1936 at the [[Old Legislative Building (Manila)|Legislative Building]] in [[Manila]].<ref name=HistOfficalGaz />  The dates of the SONA were fixed on June 16 of every year at the start of opening sessions of Congress, by virtue of Commonwealth Act No. 17. However, CA 49 changed the date of the opening of Congress to October 16.
[[File:President Quezon addresses the National Assembly on his 7th State of the Nation Address.jpg|left|thumb|President Quezon delivering his 7th and last State of the Nation Address in January 1941]]
In 1937, October 16 fell on a Saturday, and the opening of Congress was moved to 18th, when Quezon gave the second State of the Nation Address. The opening date of Congress was again changed that year to the fourth Monday of every year. President Manuel L. Quezon delivered his final State of the Nation Address on January 31, 1941, prior to the onset of [[World War II]].

====Second World War====
[[Jose P. Laurel|José P. Laurel]], president of the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]]-sponsored [[puppet state|puppet]] [[Second Philippine Republic|Second Republic]], was able to deliver his only message before the special session of the National Assembly, led by Speaker [[Benigno Aquino, Sr.|Benigno S. Aquino, Sr.]], on 18 October at the Legislative Building&mdash;four days after the Second Republic's establishment. This is, however, not considered a SONA as the [[1943 Constitution of the Philippines|1943 Constitution]] did not—as President Laurel himself pointed out—provide for such an address.

With the 1945 defeat of the [[Japanese Empire]] and the re-establishment of the Commonwealth Government, the now-[[bicameral]] [[Congress of the Philippines]] convened on June 9, 1945, the first time since their election in 1941. During this special session, President [[Sergio Osmeña]] addressed lawmakers at their provisional quarters (a repurposed schoolhouse) along Lepanto Street in Manila, and gave a comprehensive report on the work carried out by the Commonwealth Government during its three-year as a [[government-in-exile]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] Furthermore, he described the conditions prevailing in the Philippines during the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese Occupation]] and an acknowledgement of the invaluable assistance rendered by [[Philippine resistance against Japan|recognized guerrillas]] to combined Filipino and American forces in the liberation of the Philippines.

The last Address of the Commonwealth was delivered by President [[Manuel Roxas]] on June 3, 1946. President Roxas would later deliver the first SONA of the [[Third Philippine Republic]] in front of the First Congress on January 27, 1947.

===Third Republic===
Beginning in 1949, the SONA was delivered at the rebuilt Legislative Building. Only once did a President not appear personally before Congress: on January 23, 1950, President [[Elpidio Quirino]], who was recuperating at the [[Johns Hopkins Hospital]] in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], delivered his SONA to a joint session of Congress via RCA. The Address was picked up by a local radio network at 10:00 Philippine Time (GMT+8), in time for the opening of the regular session of the [[2nd Congress of the Philippines|2nd Congress]].

===Martial Law and the Fourth Republic===
[[File:President Ferdinand Marcos delivers his 1972 SONA.jpg|thumb|President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. delivers a speech in the 1972 SONA.]]
The tradition of delivering the SONA on the fourth Monday of January ended in 1972, when from 1973 to 1977, President [[Ferdinand E. Marcos]] delivered the Address every September 21—the official anniversary of his [[Proclamation No. 1081|imposition]] of [[Martial Law in the Philippines|Martial Law]] upon the country. Since Congress was abolished with the promulgation of the [[Constitution of the Philippines|1973 Constitution]], these addresses were delivered before a legislative assembly either in [[Malacañang Palace]] or at [[Rizal Park]], except in 1976 when the Address was given during the opening of the ''[[Batasang Bayan]]'' at the [[Philippine International Convention Center]].

President Marcos began giving the Address at the [[Batasang Pambansa Complex]] on June 12, 1978 during the opening session of the [[Interim Batasang Pambansa]]. From 1979 onwards, the SONA was delivered on the fourth Monday of July, following the provisions in the 1973 Constitution and the superseding [[1987 Constitution]]. The only instances deviating from this pattern occurred in 1983, when the SONA was delivered on January 17 to mark the anniversary of the 1973 Constitution's ratification and the second anniversary of the lifting of Martial Law. Another exception took place in 1986, after the People Power Revolution, where President [[Corazon Aquino|Corazón C. Aquino]] did not deliver any SONA. This was due to the dissolution of the Batasang Pambansa and the absence of a ratified new constitution at that time.

===Fifth Republic===
With the re-establishment of Congress in 1987, President [[Corazon Aquino]] delivered her first SONA at the Plenary Hall of the Batasang Pambansa. All her successors in the office have since delivered their respective Addresses in the same venue.

== Responses ==
The political opposition has had a response to the address, known as "kontra-SONA" (((Translation|counter SONA))). Usually, the [[Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines|Minority Leader of the House of Representatives]] delivers the response in a session of Congress, a few days after the actual SONA.<ref>((Cite web|last=Gagalac|first=Ron|date=2011-07-26|title=Opposition to deliver 'Kontra-SONA'|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/07/26/11/opposition-deliver-kontra-sona|access-date=2021-02-16|website=ABS-CBN News|language=en))</ref> In the [[Senate of the Philippines|Senate]], the kontra-SONA has been delivered more sporadically, but there were instances of it being done.<ref>((Cite web|last=Ager|first=Maila|date=2014-08-06|title=Ejercito on his 'Kontra-Sona': No minority blessing, no problem|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/626816/ejercito-on-his-kontra-sona-no-minority-blessing-no-problem|access-date=2021-02-16|website=INQUIRER.net|language=en))</ref>

Protests are done on the day of the address itself. Protests usually occur for the second and subsequent addresses of each president, with the first address usually free from such. Protests are done at [[Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City]], the main road leading to the [[Batasang Pambansa Complex]], and [[Mendiola Street]], fronting [[Malacañang Palace]]. Leftist groups such as the [[Bagong Alyansang Makabayan]] usually burn an [[effigy]] of the sitting president as a highlight of the protest.<ref>((Cite web|last=Villaruel|first=Jauhn Etienne|date=2021-07-26|title=From peace murals to beheaded 'Endo king': A lookback to Duterte SONA protest effigies|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/spotlight/07/26/21/duterte-sona-effigies-history|access-date=2021-07-26|website=ABS-CBN News|language=en))</ref>

==Variations==
Local chief executives also give their own addresses modeled after the State of the Nation Address. These speeches are not mandated by law, but are given usually as a matter of practice or tradition.
[[File:State_of_the_Nation_Address_Philippines_(2023-07-24)_E911a_24.jpg|thumb|[[Ferdinand Marcos's cult of personality|Marcos Loyalists]] in the 85th State of the Nation Address]]
*At the [[Provinces of the Philippines|provincial]] level, the governor's speech is called a "State of the Province" Address (SOPA).
*At the [[Cities of the Philippines|civic]] and [[municipalities of the Philippines|municipal]] level, this is called either a "[[State of the City Address]]" (SOCA) or "State of the Municipality" Address (SOMA), given by the mayor.  
*At the [[barangay]] level, the barangay chairman speech is called a "State of the Barangay" Address (SOBA).
*It is also the practice of the [[Philippine Independent Church]], a Christian denomination formed in the wake of the [[Philippine Revolution]] in the spirit of a [[national church]], to release an annual "State of the Church" Address coming from the ''[[Obispo Maximo|Obispo Máximo]]'' (Supreme Bishop).

==Criticism==
Recent addresses have been the subject of criticism by various sectors for being too ostentatious and flashy, with politicians and media personalities treating the event as a [[red carpet fashion]] show, thus others dubbing it as the country's version of the [[Met Gala]]. Senator [[Miriam Defensor Santiago]] blasted the organizers and called the event a "thoughtless extravagance" where "peacocks spread their tails and turn around and around, as coached by media in a feeding frenzy."<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.rappler.com/nation/34585-miriam-santiago-sona-uniform |title=Oscars of PH? Miriam wants SONA uniform |website=www.rappler.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726075835/http://www.rappler.com/nation/34585-miriam-santiago-sona-uniform |archive-date=2013-07-26)) </ref> Presumptive House Speaker [[Pantaleon Alvarez]] for the [[17th Congress of the Philippines|17th Congress]] urged representatives to dress in simple business attire for future addresses, preferably the ''[[Barong Tagalog]]'' for men and "short" [[Filipiniana]] for women, in preparation for President [[Rodrigo Duterte]]'s first address in 2016.<ref>((cite news|last1=Cepeda|first1=Mara|title=SONA guests told: It's not a party, dress simply|url=http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/inside-track/139075-sona-guests-attire-dress-simple|access-date=July 8, 2016|work=[[Rappler]]|date=July 8, 2016))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Government policy statement]]
* [[Singapore National Day Rally]]
* [[State of the Nation (disambiguation)]]
* [[Speech from the throne]]
* [[State Opening of Parliament]] in the [[United Kingdom]]
* [[State of the Union]] in the [[United States]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* ((commonscat-inline))
((Wikisource|Portal:State of the Nation Speeches by Philippine Presidents))
* [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/past-sona-speeches/ List of all past addresses] from the Office of the President of the Philippines
* [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2011/07/22/historical-background-of-the-state-of-the-nation-address/ Historical Background of the State of the Nation Address] from the Office of the President of the Philippines
* [https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-state-of-the-nation-address-traditions-and-history/ The State of the Nation Address: Traditions and History] from the Office of the President of the Philippines

((State of the Nations))
((State of the Nation Addresses (Philippines)))

((DEFAULTSORT:State of the Nation Address))
[[Category:State of the Nation Addresses (Philippines)| ]]
[[Category:Speeches by heads of state]]
[[Category:Joint meetings of bicameral legislatures|Philippines]]
[[Category:Philippine presidential history]]
[[Category:History of the Congress of the Philippines]]

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