Stavka of the Supreme High Command
Ставка Верховного Главнокомандования
Emblem of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
Active	June 23, 1941 – August 3, 1945
Country	Soviet Union
Branch	Armed Forces of the Soviet Union
Engagements	Great Patriotic War

The Stavka of the Supreme High Command was an extraordinary body of the highest military command, exercising strategic leadership of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Great Patriotic War.

History

On June 23, 1941, the Main Military Council of the Red Army was abolished. On the same day, by the resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union and the Central Committee of the All–Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) No. 825, the Headquarters of the Main Command of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union was established. It included: Semyon Timoshenko (Chairman), Georgy Zhukov, Joseph Stalin, Vyacheslav Molotov, Kliment Voroshilov, Semyon Budyonny, Nikolai Kuznetsov.^{[K 1][1]}

On July 10, 1941, by a decree of the State Defense Committee, in connection with the formation of the High Commands of the Troops of the Directions (North–West, West and South–West), it was transformed into the Stavka of the High Command, Joseph Stalin became the chairman, and Boris Shaposhnikov was introduced to it.

On July 10, 1941, it was renamed into the Stavka of the Supreme High Command.^[2]

On February 17, 1945, by a resolution of the State Defense Committee, the following composition of the Stavka of the Supreme High Command was determined: Joseph Stalin (Supreme Commander–in–Chief), Georgy Zhukov (Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the Soviet Union), Alexander Vasilevsky (Deputy People's Commissar of Defense), Alexey Antonov, Nikolai Bulganin, Nikolai Kuznetsov.

The Stavka of the Supreme High Command carried out its activities under the leadership of the State Defense Committee.

Throughout the entire war, the Stavka of the Supreme High Command did not leave Moscow. The members of the Headquarters gathered in Stalin's Kremlin office, but with the start of the bombing of Moscow, it moved from the Kremlin to a small mansion at Kirov Street, 37, with reliable offices and communications. During the bombing, the work moved to the Kirovskaya Metro Station, where an underground strategic center for the management of the Armed Forces was prepared.

In October 1945, the Headquarters of the Supreme Command was abolished.

Composition

Formations

• Central Headquarters of the Partisan Movement at the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command;
• Rocket Artillery Formations, from September 8, 1941, to April 24, 1943;
• Long–Range Aviation of the Soviet Union;
• Guards Armies.

Famous Orders of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command

• Order of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command No. 270 of August 16, 1941 "On the Responsibility of Servicemen for Surrendering and Leaving Weapons to the Enemy";
• Order of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command No. 428 of November 17, 1941 "Destroy and Burn to the Ground All the Settlements in the Rear of the German Troops".

Addresses

• Stalin's office in the Kremlin;
• First days of the war and until the end of 1941 – Kirov Street, 37 (the former estate of Dokuchaev–Soldatenkov, later there was the reception of the Minister of Defense of the Soviet Union, later the reception of the Minister of Defense of Russia);^[3][4][5][6]
• Since 1942 – the Kremlin.

Throughout the war, the headquarters was located in Moscow. This was of great moral importance. In connection with the threat of enemy air strikes at the beginning of July, it was transferred from the Kremlin to the Kirov Gate area to a small mansion with reliable work space and communications, and a month later, operators of the General Staff were stationed nearby, on the platform of the Kirovskaya metro station – working body of the headquarters.

— Georgy Zhukov