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((Short description|English nobleman))
((EngvarB|date=July 2017))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2017))
((other people||Thomas Dacre (disambiguation)))
((refimprove|date=July 2011))
((Infobox peer
|name= Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre
|image= Coat of arms of Sir Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre, KG.png
|caption= Arms of Sir Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre, KG
|title= [[Baron Dacre#Barons Dacre (of Gilsland), third creation (1482)|Baron Dacre of Gilsland]]
|other_titles= 
|tenure= 30 May 1485 – 24 October 1525
|predecessor= [[Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre]]
|successor= [[William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre]]
|residence= [[Naworth Castle]]
|nationality= [[England|English]]
|birth_date= 25 November 1467
|birth_place= [[Gilsland]], [[Cumberland]], England.
|birth_name = 
|death_date= 24 October 1525
|death_place= Borders of Scotland and England.
|spouse= [[Elizabeth de Greystoke, ''suo jure'' 6th Baroness Greystoke]] 
|issue= Mabel Dacre, Baroness Scrope of Bolton<br/>Elizabeth Dacre, Lady Musgrave<br/>[[William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre]]<br/>Anne Dacre, Baroness Conyers<br/>Mary Dacre, Countess of Shrewsbury<br/>Hon. Humphrey Dacre<br/>Jane Dacre, Lady Tailboys
|parents= [[Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre]]<br/>Mabel Parr
))

''' Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre of Gilsland''', [[Knight of the Garter|KG]] (25 November 1467 – 24 October 1525) was the son of [[Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre]] of Gilsland and Mabel Parr, great-aunt of queen consort [[Catherine Parr]], the sixth and final wife of King [[Henry VIII of England]].<ref>Douglas Richardson. ''Magna Carta ancestry'', Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005. pg 253.</ref> His mother was the daughter of [[Thomas Parr (d.1461)|Sir Thomas Parr of Kendal]] by his wife, Alice Tunstall.

==Early career==
Thomas Dacre was born in [[Cumberland]], the eldest of nine children.<ref>Douglas Richardson. ''Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 2nd Edition, 2011.</ref> His father Humphrey died of natural causes on 30 May 1485, whereupon, Thomas succeeded him as '''[[Baron Dacre#Barons Dacre (of Gilsland), third creation (1482)|Baron Dacre of Gilsland]]'''.

Dacre took part in the [[Battle of Bosworth Field|Battle of Bosworth]] (22 August 1485) on the Yorkist side against [[Henry VII of England|Henry Tudor]], where the Yorkist king, [[Richard III of England]], was defeated and killed. He however quickly made peace with the victor. This early support for the [[House of Tudor]] earned him some favour with Henry Tudor (who had now ascended the throne as "King Henry VII of England"), who would continue to trust his services for the remainder of his reign. King Henry VII named him a [[Order of the Bath|Knight of the Bath]] in 1503. Dacre later swore loyalty to King Henry's son and successor, [[Henry VIII of England]], when he ascended the throne in 1509.
[[File:Lanercost Priory, Tomb of Lord Thomas Dacre (geograph 3190925).jpg|left|thumb|Tomb of Sir Thomas Dacre in [[Lanercost Priory]], Cumbria.]]
He was named deputy of the [[Lord Warden of the Marches]] (an officer on the border with Scotland) in 1485, and then Warden of the Western Marches, and finally Warden-general over all the marches in 1509. [[James IV of Scotland]] granted him fishing rights to salmon of the [[River Esk, Dumfries and Galloway|river Esk]] in April 1498, allowing him to build fish traps called "garths". He was to pay a duty of a number of fish to the keeper of [[Lochmaben Castle]] each year.<ref>''Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland'', vol. 1 (Edinburgh 1908), p. 24 no. 192.</ref>

Dacre and his forces served under [[Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey]] at the [[Battle of Flodden]] (9 September 1513), where the invading army of James IV was crushingly defeated and its king killed. Dacre had commanded the "Border Lancers" at the battle, and their charge had saved [[Lord Edmund Howard]], commander of the English right wing.  King James IV himself had been killed, and the [[Kingdom of Scotland]] then ceased its involvement in the [[War of the League of Cambrai]]. The victory further helped solidify the reputation of Dacre as a soldier. After the battle, Dacre discovered the body of the Scottish king, informed [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Thomas Howard, Lord Admiral]], and took it to [[Berwick upon Tweed]]. He later wrote that the Scots, "love me worst of any Inglisheman living, by reason that I fande the body of the King of Scotts."<ref>Mackie, R. L., ''King James IV''. Oliver & Boyd (1958), p.269: ''Letters & Papers Henry VIII'', vol. 1 (London, 1920), no. 2193.</ref>

[[Margaret Tudor]], the widow of James IV, and sister of Henry VIII, wrote to Dacre. Around September 1515 they discussed her leaving Scotland, and Margaret wrote that Dacre was misinformed, and that she could not pass where ever she wished. In August 1516 he wrote to [[Cardinal Wolsey]] about his activity in Scotland to subvert the [[John Stewart, Duke of Albany|Duke of Albany]], and raids in Scotland to burn crops and farms. He had sent John Whelpdale, the Master of the College of Greystoke to collect Margaret's rents and her jewels.<ref>[[Henry Ellis (librarian)|Henry Ellis]], ''Original Letters Illustrative of British History'', series 1 vol. 1 (London, 1824), pp. 127, 131-3.</ref><ref>Agnes Strickland, ''Lives of the Queens of Scotland'', vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1850), pp. 135-9.</ref>

Dacre organised repairs at [[Wark on Tweed Castle|Wark Castle]] in 1517 obtaining money from Cardinal Wolsey and employing the Master Mason of Berwick to design new fortifications. In June 1518 he wrote that the new donjon or keep was finished, and fit to mount great cannon on each vaulted floor. There were three wards or courtyards, almost complete.<ref>J. S. Brewer, ''Letters and Papers Henry VIII'' 2:2 (London, 1864), pp. 1180 no. 3383, 1307-8 no. 4217.</ref> 

King Henry VIII named him a [[List of Knights and Ladies of the Garter|Knight of the Garter]] in 1518, alongside [[William Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys of the Vyne]]. He was present, with all the other Garter Knights, at the meeting in 1520 between Henry VIII and [[Francis I of France]] now known as the [[Field of the Cloth of Gold]].

Dacre died on the borders on 24 October 1525, killed by a fall from his horse, and was buried in his family's mausoleum at [[Lanercost Priory]]. By the time of his death, he held about 70,000 acres (280&nbsp;km²) of land in [[Cumberland]], 30,000 acres (120&nbsp;km²) in [[Yorkshire]], and 20,000 acres (80&nbsp;km²) in [[Northumberland]]. Much of these lands had been inherited through marriages with the heiresses of the [[Greystoke, Cumbria|Greystoke]], de Multon, and [[de Vaux]] families, as well as grants given by both Kings, Henry VII and Henry VIII.

Known as "the Builder Dacre", Thomas Dacre built the gateway of [[Naworth Castle]] (the seat of the Dacre family), and placed over it his [[coat of arms]] with the Dacre family motto below: ''Fort en Loialte'' ([[Norman-French]]: "Strong in Loyalty").<ref name=BWM>((cite news |title=Naworth Castle |work=[[Bell's Weekly Messenger]] |date=16 July 1855 |accessdate=16 November 2017 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001286/18550716/063/0005 |via=[[British Newspaper Archive]] |url-access=subscription ))</ref>

==Marriage==
Circa 1488, Dacre eloped with [[Elizabeth Dacre, 6th Baroness Greystoke|Elizabeth Greystoke, 6th]] [[Baron_Greystoke|Baroness Greystoke]] ''[[suo jure]]'' (10 July 1471 – 14 August 1516), daughter of Sir Robert de Greystoke and Lady Elizabeth Grey, daughter of [[Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent]] and [[Lady Katherine Percy]]. Dacre took her at night from [[Brougham Castle]] in [[Westmorland]] where, as a [[ward (law)|ward]] of the King, she was in the custody of [[Henry Clifford, 10th Baron de Clifford]].<ref name=BWM/>

Elizabeth was the eldest granddaughter and heiress of [[Ralph de Greystoke, 5th Baron Greystoke]]. She had only recently succeeded her grandfather in the barony, when by their marriage, Dacre became the ''[[jure uxoris]]'' Baron Greystoke. The extensive lands held by the Greystokes passed to the Dacre family through this marriage. These included [[Greystoke Castle]] and the barony of [[Baron Greystoke|Greystoke]], [[Morpeth Castle]] and the barony of [[Morpeth, Northumberland|Morpeth]], along with the lost manor of Henderskelf, which is now the site of [[Castle Howard]].<ref name=BWM />

Thomas and Elizabeth had eight children:<ref name="richardson">Douglas Richardson. ''Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,'' 2nd Edition, 2011. pg 18.</ref>

*Mabel Dacre (c. 1490–1533), married [[Henry Scrope, 7th Baron Scrope of Bolton]].<ref name="richardson" /> They were parents of [[John Scrope, 8th Baron Scrope of Bolton]] and grandparents of [[Henry Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Bolton]]. The 9th Baron is better known because he was governor of [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]] in the time of Queen [[Elizabeth I of England]], and as such, took charge of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], when she crossed the border in 1568. He took her to [[Bolton Castle]], where she remained there till January 1569.
*Elizabeth Dacre (1495-1538), married [[William Musgrave (MP)#Sir Thomas Musgrave, Marshal of Berwick|Sir Thomas Musgrave, Marshall of Berwick]]. Their son was [[William Musgrave (MP)|William Musgrave, MP]].<ref name="richardson" />
*[[William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre]] (29 April 1500 – 18 November 1563),<ref name="richardson" /> married Lady Elizabeth Talbot, a daughter of [[George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury]] and [[Anne Hastings, Countess of Shrewsbury|Anne Hastings]], by whom he had issue.
*Anne Dacre (c. 1501 – 21 April 1548), married [[Christopher Conyers, 2nd Baron Conyers]].<ref name="richardson" /> They were the parents of [[John Conyers, 3rd Baron Conyers]].
*Mary Dacre (c.1502 – 29 March 1538), married her sister-in-law's brother, [[Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury]].<ref name="richardson" /> They were the parents of [[George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury]].
*Hon. Humphrey Dacre,<ref name="richardson" /> married Isabel Martindale, daughter and co-heiress of James Martindale of Newton, [[Allerdale]], Cumberland.<ref> Hutchinson, History of. Cumberland Volume II page 289</ref>
*Jane Dacre, wife of Lord Tailboys.<ref name="richardson" />

==Legacy==
His illegitimate son Thomas Dacre, nicknamed "the Bastard", successfully led a few hundred English bordermen against part of the invading force of [[James V of Scotland]] on 12 November 1542. His success paved the way for the Scottish defeat at [[Battle of Solway Moss]] (24 November 1542). This Thomas was rewarded with land grants and from him starts a secondary line of "Dacres of Lanercost". 

Letters between him and [[Maud Green|Lady Maud Parr]] for the marriage of his grandson, Henry le Scrope (son of [[Henry Scrope, 7th Baron Scrope of Bolton]]), to her daughter, [[Catherine Parr]] survive.<ref>Sir Richard le Scrope. ed. Samuel Bentley. ''De Controversia in Curia Militari Inter Ricardum Le Scrope Et Robertum Grosvenor Milites: Rege Ricardo Secundo, MCCCLXXXV-MCCCXC E Recordis in Turre Londinensi Asservatis,'' Volume 2. 1832. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uioJAAAAIAAJ&q=fogge]</ref> The marriage never happened, but Catherine would go on to become queen consort to King [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]].

==Ancestry==
((ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre'''
|2= 2. [[Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre]]
|3= 3. Mabel Parr
|4= 4. [[Thomas Dacre, 6th Baron Dacre]]
|5= 5. [[Philippa de Neville|Lady Philippa Neville]]
|6= 6. [[Thomas Parr (d.1461)|Sir Thomas of Kendal Parr]]
|7= 7. Alice Tunstall
|8= 8. [[William Dacre, 5th Baron Dacre]]
|9= 9. Joan de Douglas [illegitimate]
|10= 10. [[Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland]]
|11= 11. [[Margaret de Stafford|Lady Margaret Stafford]]
|12= 12. Sir John Parr
|13= 13. Agnes Crophull
|14= 14. Sir Thomas of Thurland Tunstall<ref name="richardson 2">Douglas Richardson. ''Magna Carta ancestry'', Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005. pg 643.</ref>
|15= 15. Isabel Harrington<ref name="richardson 3" >Douglas Richardson. ''Magna Carta ancestry'', Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005. pg 298.</ref>
|16= 16. [[Hugh Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre]]
|17= 17. Elizabeth Maxwell
|18= 18. Sir William Douglas, 1st Earl Douglas & Mar
|20= 20. [[John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby]]
|21= 21. Lady Maud Percy
|22= 22. [[Hugh de Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford]]
|23= 23. [[Philippa de Beauchamp|Lady Philippa de Beauchamp]]
|24= 24. Sir William Parr
|25= 25. Elizabeth Ros
|26= 26. Sir Thomas de Crophull
|27= 27. Sybil de la Bere
|28= 28. William de Tunstall
|29= 29. Agnes de Lindsay
|30= 30. Sir Nicholas of Farleton Harrington<ref name="richardson" />
|31= 31. Isabel English
))

==See also==
*[[Naworth Castle]], ancestral home of the Dacre family

==References==
((Reflist))

((S-start))
((s-reg|en))
((Succession box | title=[[Baron Dacre]] | before=[[Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre|Humphrey Dacre]] | after=[[William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre|William Dacre]] | years=1485–1525))
((s-end))

((DEFAULTSORT:Dacre, Thomas))
[[Category:1467 births]]
[[Category:1525 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Cumberland]]
[[Category:Knights of the Garter]]
[[Category:15th-century English people]]
[[Category:16th-century English nobility]]
[[Category:Dacre family|Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre]]
[[Category:Lords Warden of the Marches]]
[[Category:Barons Dacre of Gillesland]]

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