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((Short description|Largest island in Fiji))
((More citations needed|date=September 2016))
((Infobox islands
| name             = Viti Levu<br />विटी लेव
| image_name       = Fiji map.png
| image_caption    = Map of Fiji showing Viti Levu (one of its major islands)
| image_size       = 
| map_image        = LocationFiji.png
| native_name      = 
| native_name_link = 
| nickname         = 
| location         = [[Pacific Ocean]]
| coordinates      = ((Coord|17|48|S|178|0|E|type:isle_scale:2500000|display=inline,title))
| archipelago      = [[Viti Levu Group]]
| total_islands    = 
| major_islands    = 
| area_km2         = 10388
| rank             = 75th
| length_km        = 146
| width_km         = 106
| highest_mount    = [[Mount Tomanivi|Tomanivi]]
| elevation_m      = 1324
| country          = Fiji
| country_admin_divisions_title     = Division
| country_admin_divisions           = [[Western Division, Fiji|Western Division]] and [[Central Division, Fiji|Central Division]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1   = 
| country_admin_divisions_1         = 
| country_admin_divisions_title_2   = 
| country_admin_divisions_2         = 
| country_largest_city              = [[Suva]]
| country_largest_city_population   = 93,970
| population       = 740,000
| population_as_of = 2022
| density_km2      = 55.83
| ethnic_groups    = [[Fijians|Native Fijians]] (54.3%), 
[[Indians in Fiji|Indo-Fijians]] (38.1%); other ([[Asian people|Asian]], [[Ethnic groups in Europe|Europeans]], other [[Pacific Islander]]) (7.6%)
| additional_info  =
))

'''Viti Levu''' (pronounced ((IPA-fj|ˈβitʃi ˈleβu|)); ((lit|Great Fiji))) is the largest island in the [[Fiji|Republic of Fiji]]. It is the site of the nation's capital, [[Suva]], and home to a large majority of Fiji's population.

== Geology ==
Fiji lies in a [[plate tectonics|tectonically complex area]] between the [[Australian Plate]] and the [[Pacific Plate]]. The Fiji Platform lies in a zone bordered by active extension fault lines, around which most of the shallow earthquakes in the area have been centred. These fault lines are: the Fiji Fracture Zone (FFZ) to the north; the [[Spreading ridge|176° Extension Zone]] (176°E EZ) to the west; and the Hunter Fracture Zone (HFZ) and [[Lau-Colville Ridge|Lau Ridge]] to the east.<ref name="Greenbaum">((cite web|url=http://eird.org/deslizamientos/pdf/eng/doc8455/doc8455-2a.pdf|title=Landslide hazards in Fiji|last=Greenbaum|first=D.|author2=Bowker, M. R|author3=Dau, I|author4=Drospy, H|author5=Greally, K. B|author6=McDonald A. J. W|author7=Marsh, S. H|author8=Northmore, K. J|author9=O'Connor, E. A|author10=Prasad, R. S|author11=Tragheim, D. G.|name-list-style=amp|year=1995|work=Technical Report WC/95/28 Rapid methods of landslide hazard mapping : Fiji case study|publisher=British Geological Survey|access-date=23 March 2011))</ref>

The oldest rocks on the island are those formed during the [[Eocene]] and [[Lower Miocene]] epochs that belong to the Wainimala [[Group (geology)|group]]. The lower portion of the group
is made up of [[volcanic]] flows and volcanoclastics, which grade from [[basalt]] to [[trachyte]] and [[rhyolite]].  Geographically, this group is found south of [[Nadi]], including on the peaks of Koromba (at 3528 feet high) and Natambumgguto (at 1242 feet high), and down to [[Sigatoka]]. From Sigatoka, the group extends almost all the way to Lodoni, and includes the peaks of Tuvutau (at 3060 feet) and Tikituru (at 3071 feet). Along the southern coast it extends almost to [[Nausori]]. The group is [[intruded]] by the Tholo [[Pluton]]ics, which consist of similar-age [[stock (geology)|stocks]] of [[tonalite]], [[granodiorite]], [[gabbro]] and [[diorite]].  [[Miocene|Mio]]-[[Pliocene]] [[sandstone]]s, and [[marl]], grading into epiclastics and [[andesite|andesitic]] Volcanic rocks of the Suva group are found mainly in the river valleys, such as those formed by the [[Nadi River]] and [[Navua River]]. The Plio-[[Pleistocene]] Mba group is found in the northern portion of the island. It consists of [[porphyritic]] basalt flows and volcanoclastics, grading into [[greywacke]].  Geographically, it includes the peaks of Koroyanitu (at 3921 feet), Malua (at 3294 feet), Monavatu (at 3708 feet), [[Mount Tomanivi]] (at 4341 feet), and Ndelamendamu (at 2540 feet). It extends along the eastern coast, almost to Nausori, and includes the Emperor Mine near [[Vatukoula]].<ref>((cite book |title=Provisional Geologic Map of Fiji |date=1965 |publisher=Fiji Geological Survey |location=Suva))</ref><ref>((cite journal |last1=Rodda |first1=P. |title=Outline of the geology of Viti Levu |journal=New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics |date=1967 |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=1260–1273 |doi=10.1080/00288306.1967.10420217|doi-access=free ))</ref>

== Geography, economy and ecology ==
[[File:Vitilevu topo.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Topography of Viti Levu island.]]
[[File:VitiLevu2021OSM.png|thumb|left|Enlargeable, detailed map of Viti Levu and some neighbouring islands.]]

Viti Levu is the largest island in the Republic of Fiji — home to 70% of the population (about 600,000 people) — and is the hub of the entire Fijian archipelago. It measures ((convert|146|km)) long and  ((convert|106|km)) wide, and has an area of ((convert|10389|km²)). [[1953 Suva earthquake|Earthquakes]] and volcanic eruptions account for the somewhat rugged terrain of the island, which is divided into roughly equal halves by a mountain range that runs north to south. The centre of the island is forested and includes the nation's highest peak [[Mount Tomanivi]] (otherwise known as Mount Victoria), which rises to ((convert|1324|m)).

The eastern side of the island experiences heavy rainfall, particularly in the mountains, and is home to [[Fiji tropical moist forests|Fiji’s tropical moist forests]]. The western side (colloquially called the "burning west") is in the mountain range's [[rain shadow]] and is noticeably drier; it is home to [[Fiji tropical dry forests|Fiji’s tropical dry forests]]. Accordingly, [[sugar cane]] production thrives in the west, while a [[dairy]] industry is being developed in the east.((Citation needed|date=September 2016)) Fiji's largest cattle ranch, with 7000 head of cattle on ((convert|70|km²|acre)), is in Yaqara, midway between [[Tavua, Fiji|Tavua]] and [[Rakiraki District, Fiji|Rakiraki]]. The island of Viti Levu is the only known home of one of the world's largest insects, the [[Giant Fijian long-horned beetle]].

The island is susceptible to the effects of climate change. It is estimated that the compound effects of [[sea level rise]] and [[storm surge]] may result in a temporary relocation of a relatively high numbers of the inhabitants of Viti Levu, predominantly the northern and western parts, with an exposure of up to 6.75% of the islands' population in the future.<ref>((cite journal |last1=Sabūnas |first1=Audrius |last2=Mori |first2=Nobuhito |last3=Shimura |first3=Tomoya |last4=Fukui |first4=Nobuki |last5=Miyashita |first5=Takuya |title=Estimating Compounding Storm Surge and Sea Level Rise Effects and Bias Correction Impact when Projecting Future Impact on Volcanic Islands in Oceania. Case Study of Viti Levu, Fiji|journal=Frontiers in Built Environment |doi=10.3389/fbuil.2022.796471|date=8 April 2022 |volume=8 |doi-access=free ))</ref>

== Localities ==
[[File:Korotogo.jpg|thumb|Korotogo beach, Coral Coast.]]
[[File:Navala.jpg|thumb|The highland village of [[Navala]].]]

Viti Levu is home to the capital city of [[Suva]], and to nearly three quarters of the population of the Republic of Fiji (about 580,000 people). Other important towns and cities, which are spread out all along the coast, include [[Ba (town)|Ba]], [[Lautoka]], [[Nadi, Fiji|Nadi]], [[Nausori]], Rakiraki, and [[Sigatoka]]. Two other well-known localities are [[Natadola Beach]] in Natadola (a luxurious Intercontinental Fiji Golf Resort and Spa & boutique accommodation at Natadola Beach Resort & Yatule Beach Resort  ), and [[Pacific Harbour]] (a resort centre about 50 kilometers from Suva). A single major road runs around the perimeter of Viti Levu.

== Politics ==
Eight of Fiji's fourteen [[Local government in Fiji|Provinces]] are in Viti Levu. The Provinces of [[Ba Province|Ba]], [[Nadroga-Navosa Province|Nadroga-Navosa]], and [[Ra Province|Ra]] comprise the [[Western Division, Fiji|Western Division]], while [[Naitasiri Province|Naitasiri]], [[Namosi Province|Namosi]], [[Rewa Province|Rewa]], [[Serua Province|Serua]], and [[Tailevu Province|Tailevu]] form the [[Central Division, Fiji|Central Division]]. The political dynamics of western Viti Levu are somewhat different from those of eastern Viti Levu, in part because western Vitu Levu has a high concentration of [[Indians in Fiji|Indo-Fijians]] (many of whose ancestors came to the island from [[India]] as indentured workers between 1879 and 1916), whereas eastern Viti Levu has a high concentration of [[Fijians|indigenous Fijians]] (except in its urban areas, which are more racially diverse).

== History ==

=== Prehistory ===
Viti Levu is believed to have been inhabited longer than the island of [[Vanua Levu]], which lies to its north. According to oral tradition, the first [[Melanesia]]n settlers landed at [[Vuda Point]] and established [[Viseisei]] as Fiji's first oldest settlement. There is archaeological evidence contradicting this account.

== Transportation ==
Ferry service, provided by the [[Patterson Brothers Shipping Company LTD]], connects Viti Levu to the rest of the islands.

[[Nausori International Airport]] is on the main island. It has service on 3 domestic commercial passenger airlines.

== References ==
((Reflist))

== External links ==
* ((Commons category-inline|Viti Levu))
* ((Wikivoyage-inline|Viti Levu))

((Viti Levu))
((Islands of Fiji))

((Authority control))

[[Category:Viti Levu| ]]
[[Category:Islands of Fiji]]

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