Bible; Calvinism or Predestination; Christianity or Anabaptists or Irvingites or Oxford Movement or Predestination or Reformation – Roots; The Patristic Era; The Ecumenical Councils; The Ecumenical Councils – The Council of Nicea; The Ecumenical Councils – Two Schools of Theology; The Ecumenical Councils – The Council of Chalcedon The Latin Fathers; The Latin Fathers – Augustine; The Five Patriarchs; Monasticism; Missions; The Middle Ages; The Reformation; Prophet (Jewish-Christian);
Church of Armageddon or Love Family or COA – Teachings – God; Teachings – Jesus Christ; Teachings – Holy Spirit; Teachings – Humanity; Teachings – Sin; Teachings – Salvation; Teachings – Church; Teachings – Sacraments; Teachings – End times; Conclusion; Paul Erdmann or Love Israel;
Church of the Living Word or The Walk or CTLW* – History; Teachings; Teachings – Holy Spirit; Teachings – Church; Teachings – The Bible; Teachings – End times;
Werner Hans Erhard or John Paul Roseznberg; The Forum or est – History; Teachings – God; Teachings – Jesus Christ; Teachings – Humanity; Teachings – Salvation; Conclusion; Mind Dynamics;
Foundation of Human Understanding or FHU – Teachings – God; Teachings – Jesus Christ; Teachings – Holy Spirit; Teachings – Humanity; Teachings – Salvation; Conclusion; Ruben Obermeister or Roy Masters;
Ark of the Covenant; Judaism or Tabernacle or Jewish temple – History – Solomon; History – Divided kingdom; History – Restoration; History – Hellenization; History – Roman Empire; History – Rabbinic Judaism; History – Haskala-Jewish Enlightenment; History – Jewish-Christian relations; History – Zionism; Beliefs and practices; Beliefs and practices – The Tabernacle; Worship; Worship – Sabbath; Modern Judaism; Kabbala; Prophet (Jewish-Christian);
New Age Movement – History – Basic beliefs; History – Basic beliefs – Human potential movement; History – Personalities; Organization; Teachings; Teachings – End times;
Religious Science or United Church of Religious Science* – Teachings; Conclusion;
Minor articles
1 or 2 paragraphs
Affirmative Prayer; Demonstration; Ernest Holmes; Mind science; Religious Science or United Church of Religious Science – History; Teachings – God; Teachings – Jesus Christ; Teachings – Holy Spirit; Teachings – Humanity; Teachings – Sin; Teachings – Salvation; Teachings – Hell; Teachings – Trinity; Teachings – Church; Spiritual mind treatment;
Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Satanism or Church of Satan – History – Modern Satanism – Church of Satan; History – Modern Satanism – Categories of Satanists; History – Modern Satanism – Appeal; History – Modern Satanism – Sensationalism; Contrasts to Christianity; Contrasts to Christianity – The Black Mass; Conclusion;
Divine Principle; Hak Ja Kan; Lord of the Second Advent or The Third Adam; Sun Myung Moon; Third Adam; Unification Church – Teachings – Hell; Teachings – Salvation; Teachings – Bible; Teachings – Last things;
Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester* – Teachings; Conclusion;
Minor articles
1 or 2 paragraphs
Bodhi; Bodhi-dharma; Koan; Roshi; Satori; Tao-sheng; Vesak; Zazen; Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester – History; Teachings – God; Teachings – Revelation; Teachings – Sin/Evil; Teachings – Salvation; Teachings – Authority;
Zen Center of Rochester
Significant articles
3 paragraphs to 2 pages
Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester* – Teachings; Conclusion;
Minor articles
1 or 2 paragraphs
Four Noble Truths; Philip Kapleau; Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester – History; Teachings – God; Teachings – Revelation; Teachings – Sin/Evil; Teachings – Salvation; Teachings – Authority;
Subarticles
Abakua – Beliefs and Practices**; Conclusion*;
Aetherius Society – History**;Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Alamo Christian Foundation – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Alamo Christian Foundation – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Salvation**; Church**;
Ananda Marga Yoga Society – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Anthroposophical Society – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Arica or Arica Institute – History*; Teachings**;
Association for Research and Enlightenment – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Association for Research and Enlightenment – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Humanity**; Salvation*;
Baha'i – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh or Rajneeshism – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh or Rajneeshism – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation*; End times**;
Bible – Old Testament**; New Testament**; English versions**;
Branhamism – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Branhamism – Teachings – God*; Baptism*; Humanity*; Church**; End times*;
Christadelphianism – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Immortality*; The Devil*; Hell*; Salvation*; End times**; Authority*; Fellowship*;
Christian Science – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Christian Science – Teachings – God*: Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Sin*; Hell*; Salvation*; Church*; Sacraments*; End times*;
Christianity – Roots**; The Patristic Era**; Ante-Nicene Era*; The Ecumenical Councils**; The Latin Fathers**; The Five Patriarchs**; Monasticism**; Missions**; The Middle Ages**; The Reformation**; The Modern Era***;
Christianity – The Patristic Era – Polycarp*; Irenaeus*; Tertullian*; Clement of Alexandria*; Origen*;
Christianity – The Ecumenical Councils – The Council of Nicea**; The Council of Constantinople*; Two Schools of Theology**; The Council of Ephesus*; The Council of Chalcedon**;
Christianity – The Latin Fathers – Ambrose*; Jerome*; Augustine**;
Church of Armageddon or Love Family or COA – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Church of Armageddon or Love Family or COA – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation*; Church*; Sacraments*; End times*;
Church of Bible Understanding or Forever Family or COBU – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Church of Bible Understanding or Forever Family or COBU – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation*; Church**; End times*;
Church of the Living Word or The Walk or CTLW – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Church of the Living Word or The Walk or CTLW – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit**; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation*; Church**; The Bible**; End times**;
Church of the New Jerusalem or Swedenborgianism or CNJ – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Church of the New Jerusalem or Swedenborgianism or CNJ – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ**; Humanity*; Authority*; End times*;
The Divine Light Mission or Elan Vital or DLM or EV – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
The Divine Light Mission or Elan Vital or DLM or EV – Teachings – God*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Salvation*; Text and authority**;
The Forum or est – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
The Forum or est – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Humanity*; Salvation*;
Foundation of Human Understanding or FHU – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Foundation of Human Understanding or FHU – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Salvation*;
Hanuman Foundation – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Hinduism – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Hinduism – Teachings – Texts*; God**; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Creation*; Karma, Reincarnation and Salvation**; Incarnation*; Other**;
Holy Order of MANS or MANS or HOM or Christ the Savior Brotherhood – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Holy Order of MANS or MANS or HOM or Christ the Savior Brotherhood – Teachings – The Bible**; Jesus Christ**;
The "I Am" ascended masters or Church Universal and Triumphant or CUT – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
The "I Am" ascended masters or Church Universal and Triumphant or CUT – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Salvation*; Church*; End times*;
Identity movements or Christian Identity or White supremacy – History**; Teachings and beliefs***; Conclusion*;
Identity movements or Christian Identity or White supremacy – History – Ku Klux Klan**; Neo-Nazism**; Other*;
The International Church of Ageless Wisdom or ICAW – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
The International Church of Ageless Wisdom or ICAW – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ**; Humanity*; Salvation*;
International Community of Christ or Jamilians – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
ISKCON or International Society for Krishna Consciousness – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
ISKCON or International Society for Krishna Consciousness – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Hell*; Salvation*; Authority*;
Islam – History***; Teachings***; Conclusion**;
Islam – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit*; Humanity**; Sin*; Salvation**;
Jehovah's Witnesses and Watchtower Bible and Tract Society – History***; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Jehovah's Witnesses and Watchtower Bible and Tract Society – Teachings – God**; Authority**; Jesus Christ**; Salvation**; Holy Spirit*; Hell*; Satan*; Humanity**; Church**; Sacraments**; End times**;
Judaism – History***; Beliefs and practices**; Worship**; The Elect of God*; Modern Judaism**; Conclusion*;
Meher Baba (group) – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Mormonism or The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints – History***; Organization**; Teachings***; Conclusion**;
Mormonism or The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Salvation**; Blood atonement**; Celestial marriage*; Church*; Sacraments**; Baptism for the Dead*; The Lord's Supper*; Temple rituals**; End times**;
New Age Movement – History***; Organization**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
New Age Movement – History – Basic beliefs**; Personalities**; New Age communities*;
New Age Movement – History – Basic beliefs – The Consciousness movement*; Human potential movement**;
New Age Movement – Teachings – God*; Christ and salvation*; Sin*; Death*; End times**;
New Thought – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
New Thought – Teachings – Truth*; God*; Humaniity*; Sin*; Jesus Christ and salvation*;
Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism or Nichiren Shoshu of America or NSA – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Religious Science or United Church of Religious Science – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Religious Science or United Church of Religious Science – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation*; Hell*; Trinity*; Church*;
Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints or RCJCLDS – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Rosicrucianism – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*;
Santeria – History*; Beliefs and Practices**; Deities**; Conclusion**;
Santeria – Deities – Olurun or Elegua or Eshu*; Obatalla*; Chango*; Oshun*; Yemaya*; Babalu-Aye*; Oggun*;
Satanism or Church of Satan – General observations*; History***; Contrasts to Christianity**; Conclusion**;
Satanism or Church of Satan – History – Modern Satanism***;
Satanism or Church of Satan – History – Modern Satanism – Church of Satan**; Temple of Set*; Ordo Templi Orientis*; Categories of Satanists**; Appeal**; Sensationalism**;
Satanism or Church of Satan – Contrasts to Christianity – The Black Mass**; Exorcism*;
Satchidananda Ashram Integral Yoga Institute or Divine Life Society – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Transcendental Meditation or TM – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Transcendental Meditation or TM – Teachings – God*; Salvation*; Authority*;
Unification Church – History**; Teachings***; Conclusion**;
Unification Church – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit**; Humanity**; Sin**; Hell*; Salvation*; Bible*; Last things*;
Unitarian-Universalist Association or UUA – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Unity School of Christianity or Unity – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Unity School of Christianity or Unity – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Salvation*; Sin*; Church*; Authority*;
Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches or MCC or Dignity or Gay theology – History**; Teachings***; Conclusion**;
Urantia or Urantia Society – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Urantia or Urantia Society – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit*; Humanity*; Salvation*;
Vedanta Society – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Vedanta Society – Teachings – God*; Jesus Christ*; Humanity*; Salvation*; Authority*; Other*;
Voodoo or Vodun – History**; Beliefs and practices***; Conclusion*;
Way International – History**; Teachings**; Conclusion*;
Way International – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit**; Humanity*; Sin*; Salvation**; Church*;
Witchcraft – General and historical observations**; Modern witchcraft*; Beliefs and practices**; Contrasts with Christianity**; Conclusion**;
World Community of Ali Islam in the West and American Muslim Mission and Black Muslim Movement and BMM and Nation of Islam and Hanafi Madh-Hab Center – History and teachings**; Conclusion*;
Worldwide Church of God or WCG – History**; Teachings***; Conclusion**;
Worldwide Church of God or WCG – Teachings – God**; Jesus Christ**; Holy Spirit**; Humanity*; Born again*; Salvation**; Hell**; Anglo-Israelism**; Church*; End times*;
Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester – History*; Teachings**; Conclusion**;
Zen Buddhism and Zen Center of Rochester – Teachings – God*; Revelation*; Sin/Evil*; Salvation*; Authority*;
Native Latin American Religion*; Native North American Religion*; Neo-Pagan Movements*; New Age Movements*; New Religions* – Definitions and Classifications; New Religions in Africa*; New Religions in Cuba*; New Religions in Japan*; New Religions in South America*; New Religions in the United States*; Nigeria; Nonviolence*; Nordic Countries*; North Africa*; North America*;
Ottoman Empire* - Foundations of Ottoman Social and Legal Structures;
Abakuá secret society; ‘Abbāsid caliphate; Muhammad Abduh; Abortion; James Luther Adams; Afghanistan – Early History; The Great Game; Communism and the Cold War; Growth of the Taliban and the U.S. War; Africa - Social Impact of Religious Worldviews; Colony, Government, Economy – Brief Early History of Africa; Colony, Government, Economy – Slavery and Colonization; Colony, Government, Economy – Globalization and Technology; Globalization and Technology – Impact of Technological Change; Africa and Global Society; Religions of Africa – Islam; Religions of Africa – Christianity; Religions of Africa – African Traditional Religion; Religions of Africa – Style Aesthetics and Signification; Cultural Practices and Competing Views; Cultural Practices and Competing Values – Competing Values and Philosophy; Aging; Ahmaddiya; Akbar; al Qaeda – Historical Overview; Basic Ideological Tenets and Goals; Al-Azhar; Albania; Hasan al-Banna; Alexander the Great; Algeria; Amsterdam; Ancestors; Andorra; Angola; Anguilla; Animals – Animal Themes in India Religious Traditions; Antigua and Barbuda; Apocalypticism; Apostle Paul – Activity; Paul's Missionary Journeys; Paul's Missionary Journeys – Second Missionary Journey – 48 to 51 CE (Acts of the Apostles 15:36-18:22); Return to Jerusalem; Arabic – Classification, Dialects, Morphology, and the Alphabet; Religio-Historical Importance; Modern Developments; Argentina; Armenia; Art – Religious Experience and Artistic Practice; The Clash of Art and Religion; Aruba; Aryans; Shôkô Asahara; Asoka; Assimilation – Case Studies; Challenges to Assimilation; Assyrian Church of the East; Astronomy; Atheism – Estimating the Number of Atheists Worldwide; Global Secularization; Case Study: The United States; Attitudes Toward Atheists and the Atheist Label; Mohammad Atta; Augustine; Aum Shinrikyô – Aum, Millennialism, and Mission; The Turn to Violence; Aum After the Attacks; Auroville; Australia – Church and Society; Current Trends; Austria; Authority – Perceptions; The Exercise of Authority; Autochthonour Christians in Latin America; Axial Age; Ayahuasca Religious Movements; Ayodhya Mosque Attack; Azerbaijan; Aztecs – Origins; Imperial Religion;
Cambodia; Cameroon; Joseph Campbell; Canada – Religion in Present-Day Canada; Candomblé – Orixás: Mediators Between Nature, God, and Man; Religious Authority: The Mother (or Father) of Saints; Canterbury – The Cathedral; The Archbishop; Cao Dai; Cape Verde; Cargo Cults; Caribbean; Catholic Charismatic Renewal; Catholic Charities; Central African Republic; Chad; Charisma; Chechnya; Chile; China – General Knowledge About China; Religions in China; Religions in China – Daoism; Religions in China – Christianity; Other Religions; Statistics; New Religious Trends in China; Chinese Popular Religion – Overview of Chinese Popular Religion; Examples of Syncretized Popular Deities; Globalization and Revivals of Popular Religion on the Mainland; Christian Democratic Parties; Christian Identity; Christian Militia – Modern Christian Militia; The Sociology of Christian Militias; Christian Reconstructionism; Christianity – The Ecumenical Movement and Other Recent Developments; Christmas; Church World Service; Churches; Cinema – Biblical and Christian Films; Hinduism; Civil Religion – Émile Durkheim and Civil Religion; Robert Bellah and Civil Religion; The Civil Religion Debate in America; Civil Religion since the 1970s; Civil Society – Civil Religion and Civil Society; Globalization and Transnational Communities; Conclusion: Can Global Civil Society Succeed?; Clash of Civilizations Thesis; Clothing; Colombia; Communione e Liberazione; Commuinism; Comoros; Compostella; Confucianism – “The Master Said”: Confucius and His Disciples; The Confucian Canon and the Civil Service Examination System; The Four Books: The Legitimation of the Neo-Confucian Orthodoxy; The “Confucianity Movement” in the Republic of China; The Ambivalent “Harmonious Society”: Confucianism in Socialist China; The Contemporary Revival of Confucian Ritual Practice; The Global Nature of Confucianism; Conspiracy Theories; Constantine; Constantinople; Consumer culture; Conversion – Global World Religions Competing for Converts; Conversion Models; Conversion and Globalization; Conversion and the Nation-State; Conversion and the Religious Organization; The Converting Subject; Conclusions; Cook Islands; Coptic Christianity; Cosmic War and Cosmic Conflict – Identifying Motifs – Rupture; Identifying Motifs – Warring Deities and Heroes; Identifying Motifs – Ritualization of Battle; Costa Rica; Council of Nicea; Creationism; Croatia; Crusades; Cuba – African American Religions; Cultural Revolution (China); Curaçao; Cycle of Rebirth* – Hinduism; Buddhism; Cyprus; Czech Republic;
Da Vinci Code; Dalai Lama – History; Osman dan Fodio; Daoism – Chinese Daoism: History and Interpretation; Daoism as a Global Religious and Cultural Phenomenon; Appropriation, Adaptation, and Transmission; Death Ritual; Democratic Republic of the Congo – Survival of Ancient Shamanism; The Katangan Shaman (Ngaga); Midnight Crossroads Miracles and Spiritual Magic; Deng Xiaoping* – Policy Changes; Motivations; Denmark; Desecularization; Detainees; Detraditionalization and Retraditionalization – Traditions and Their Role in Society; Traditions in Late Modernity or Postmodernity; Cultural Globalization and Religious Traditions; Dharma, Karma, and Samsara; Divination; Diaspora – Paths Toward Definition; Paths Toward Definition – Definition by List; Paths Toward Definition – Defining by Relation; Making and Maintaining Diasporas; Making and Maintaining Diasporas – Diaspora as a Series of Interventions, Not a Permanent State of Being; Making and Maintaining Diasporas – Diaspora Culture Is the Elevation of One Group Over Others; Diasporic Religion; Divination; Divine law; Divine Light Mission; Djibouti; Dōgen; Dominican Republic; Mary Douglas;
East Timor; Easter; Eastern Orthodox Christianity – Beliefs and Practices; History; The Church Today; Ebenezer Baptist Church; Eckankar; Economic Issues and Religion* – Debt Bondage and Usury; Ecuador; Ecumenicalism – The Modern Ecumenical Movement; Ecumenical Debates; Egypt – Colonialism, Defensive Modernization, and Religion; Secular and Religious Nationalism; Religion and the State; Secular Failures and the Turn Toward Islam; El Salvador; Mircea Eliade; Emergent Religion; Encyclicals; Engaged Buddhist Groups; Enuma Elish; Environment – Alliance Between World Religions and Environmentalism; Equality – Genders; Handicaps/Disabilities; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Estonia; Ethics - Theories of Ethics; Biblical Religions; Here and Now; Ethiopia – Inter- and Intrareligious Tensions; Etnogenesis; Europe – Common Factors – The Historic Churches; Common Factors – The Historic Churches – Believing Without Belonging; Common Factors – The Historic Churches – Vicarious Religion; Common Factors – From Obligation to Consumption; Common Factors – New Arrivals; Common Factors – Europe's Secular Elites; Regional Differences – Confessional Blocs; Regional Differences – Communist and Noncommunist Europe; Regional Differences – Levels of Religious Activity; Regional Differences – Concluding Remarks; European Court of Human Rights; European Union – History; Structure; Religion and Religiousness Within the EU; The EU and Religion; Evangelical Movements – A Global Phenomenon – Asia; A Global Phenomenon – United States;
Ibn Khaldūn; Iceland; Igreja Universal; Immigration; Incas; India – Indian Origins of Global Buddhism; India's Role in Global Islam; Indigenous Religions – Lands; Lands – Colonization and Removal Attempts; Deities; Deities – Philippine Islands; Deities – West Africa; Orality; Indo-European Religion* – Historical and Geographical Parameters; Historical Significance; Indonesia – Islam; Indus Valley Civilization; Inquisition; Intermarriage; International Monetary Fund; International NGOs; Iran – Historical Iran; The Commemoration of Ashura; Iraq – Judaism and Christianity; Ireland, Republic of or Republic of Ireland; Islam – Sources of Knowledge in Islam; The Five Pillars of Islam; The Five Pillars of Islam – Prayer (Salaat); The Seven Articles of Faith; The Seven Articles of Faith – The Oneness of God (Tauheed); The Seven Articles of Faith – Fate (Qadar); Islam and Violence; Islam and Women; Islam in Latin America* – Migration from the Near East to Latin America (1880-1930); Construction of a Muslim Minority; Islamic Modernism – Reformers – Afghani; Reformers – Abduh; Reformers – Rida; Reformers – Khan and Iqbal; Islamic Reform – Egypt; Islamic State; Ismailis – The Agha Khan Imams (ca. 18th to 20th Centuries CE); Israel – Secularism and Orthodoxy in Israeli Judaism; Muslims and Christians; The Legacy of the Diaspora; Italy* – Increased Religious Diversification; Ivory Coast;
Jainism – Background; Global Jainism; Global Jainism – Ahimsa; Global Jainism – Aparigrapha; Global Jainism – Anekantavada; Ideology and Practice; Jamaat-e-Islami; Japan – Chinese and Korean Migration; Religions of Koreans in Japan; Religions in Chinatowns in Japan; Religions During and After Japanese Imperialism; Religion and Japanese Immigration; Japanese Brazilians in Japan; Japanese Religions in Latin America; Jemaah Islamiyuah; Jesus; Jewish Diaspora – The Concept of Diaspora Versus Exile; A Diaspora Like No Other; The Historical Diaspora in Ancient Times; The Emergence of Different Cultural Groups Within Jewry; Early Medieval Diaspora Under Islam; Medieval Diasporas Under Christianity; Modern Diaspora; Jihad; John Paul II; Jordan; Judaism – The Diaspora; Leadership in Diaspora Communities; Written and Oral Law; Messianism; Diversity and Heterodoxy; Jewish Contributions to Culture; Carl Gustav Jung; Jurema of the Brazilian North; Just War – Early Modern Period;
Macau; Macedonia; Madagascar; Madrid – Religious Festivities and Labor Law; Religion and Education; Religion and Public Economic Subsidies; Mahayana Buddhism – Origins; Globalization of Buddhism; Mahayana in the West; A New “Yana”: Transcending Mahayana and Theravada; Mahdi; Mahdi of Sudan; Malawi; Malaysia – Islam; Hinduism; Mali; Bronislaw Malinowski; Malta; Manichaeism; Maria Lionza Cult of Venezuela; Marian Cults and Apparitions in Latin America; Marshall Islands; David Martin; Martinique; Martyrdom* – History of Martyrdom; Issues Concerning Martyrdom; Marx and Religion; Marxism – Life and Works of Karl Marx; Dialectical Materialism; Marxism and Religion; Influence of Marxism on Revolutions and Social Movements; Mashhad; Material Culture – Religion and Material Culture; Muritania; Mauritius; Abu'l-a'la Mawdudi; McDonaldization; Timothy McVeigh; Mecca; Medina; Meditation – Nepal, Southeast Asia, Japan, and China: Buddhist Expansion and Chinese Meditation; Meditation: Contemporary Global Phenomenon; Mediterranean World – Early Polytheism; The Blending of the World; Roman Dominance; The Islamization of the Sea; The Crusades; Inquisitions, Turks, and the Ottoman Empire; Megachurch; Men's Roles – Men as Founders and Religious Professionals; Men's Spirituality; Mesoamerican Religions – Teotihuacan; Maya; Aztec; After the Conquest; Mexican Concheros; Mexico – Religious Pluralization; Mexico City* – History of Mexico City; Culture of Religion in Mexico City; Culture of Religion in Mexico City – The Virgin of Guadeloupe; Micronesia; Middle East – Persia and Syria; The Monotheistic Religions – Judaism; The Monotheistic Religions – Christianity; The Monotheistic Religions – Islam; The Ottoman Empire; Millenarian Movements – Related Terms; Nativist Millennial Movements; Millenarianism and New Religious Movements; Millenarianism and Violence; Missions and Missionaries – Distinction Between Mission and Missions; Missionaries; Missionary Activity Today; Missionary Activity Today – Christian; Conclusion; Mithras cult; Modernism – Enlightenment; Industrialism; Modernization – The Protestant Reformation; Moldova; Monaco; Monasticism – Christian Monasticism; Buddhist Monasticism; Mongol Empire; Mongolia; Monotheism; Mormons – Origins and Early History; Origins and Early History – The Move Westward; Origins and Early History – The Nauvoo Settlement; Origins and Early History – Schisms and Migration; Mormonism Today; Morocco; Moscow; Mosques; Mother Teresa; Mozambique; Mughal Empire; Muhammad; Muhammad Mujtahid-Shabistari; Max Müller; Multiculturalism – Freedom of Speech and Expression; Multiple Faiths*; Multiple Modernities – Classical Approaches to Modernity; The Political and Cultural Program of Modernity: Autonomy and Destructive Tendencies; The Religious Dimension of Modernity; Music – The Power of Music in Religion; Globalization, Religion, and Music; Global Religions and Musical Diversity; Muslim Brotherhood – Early Years; Beyond Egypt: Arab Nationalism and Militant Islamism; Myanmar or Burma; Mysticism – Toward a Typology of Mystical Experiences; Methodology;
Najaf; Namibia; Nation-State; Native Latin American Religion – Changes and Continuities; Complexity, Diversity, and Tension; Belief Systems, Culture, and Identity; Indigenous Peoples Today: Religion and Conflict; Native North American Religion – Guardians and Totems; The Supreme Being; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony – Myths and Symbols; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony – Visions and Rituals; Natural Law* – Thomas Aquinas; Snapshots of the 17th Century; Current Debates Concerning Natural Law; Neo-Pagan Movements – Origins and Characteristics; Neo-SHamanisms; Neo-Sufism or Sufi Renewal; Nepal; Netherlands; New Age Movements – Spiritual Eclecticism and Consumerism; Occulture and the New Age; The Emergence of the New Age; Global New Age; New Caledonia; New Religions in Africa – Historical Context; Indigenous Religions; African-Derived Religions in the Diaspora; New Religions in Cuba – Cuba's Religious Traditions; New Religions in Japan – Chief Characteristics of Modern New Religions; Development of Modern New Religions and Their Social Activities; New Types of Groups: The “Hyper Religions”; New Religions in South America – Catholic Charismatic Renewal; (Neo-)Pentecostalism; Afro-Brazilian Religions; New Age; Asian Religions: Hare Krishna and Buddhism; New Religions in the United States – New Religions in the 19th Century; New Religions in the 20th Century; The Turn East; The Anticult Movement and Cult Wars; The Future of New Religions; New York City; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Reinhold Niebuhr; Freidrich Nietzsche; Niger; Niue; Nonviolence – Roots of Christian Nonviolence; Christian Nonviolence in the Early 20th Century; Nonviolence in South Asia; Modern Religious Nonviolence; Buddhist Nonviolence; Nordic Countries – Church and State; Church Membership and Rites of Passage; Religious Identity, Practice, and Faith; Ethnic and Religious Minorities; Norfolk Island; North Africa – The Islamic Era; The Colonial Period; North America – Modern Demographic Realities; Domination and Christianization; Modernity and Its Consequences; Key Trends in the Contemporary Cultural Scene; Religious Politics and Fragmentation; The Future of North American Religion and Globalization; Northern Ireland; Northern Mariana Islands; Norway;
Pacific Islands or Oceania; Pajelanca of the Brazilian North; Pakistan – History Prior to Independence; An Independent Pakistan; Pakistan, Afghanistan, and the Taliban; Palau; Palestine – Early History Until the 19th History; The 19th Century Onward; Pāli; Pana Wave Laboratory; Panama – Roman Catholicism; Raimon Panikkar or Raimundo Panikkar; Panjabi; Papua; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay – Roman Catholicism; Roman Catholicism – The Bishops' Conference and Liberation Theology; Pentecostal Movement – Historical Development; Pentecostal Expansion; Peoples Temple; Perennial Philosophy – The Term Philosophia Perennis; The Term Philosophia Perennis – Variant Uses; Philosophia Perennis et Universalis; Philosophia Perennis et Universalis – Cross-Civilizational Implications; The Doctrine of the Philosophia Perennis; Peru; Philippines – Dissolution of Indigenous Culture; Islamic Insurgency and Government Response; Pilgrimage – Reasons for Pilgrimage; Pilgrimage as Ritual; Pilgrimage Sites; Time and Boundaries in Pilgrimage; Pilgrimage and Tourism; Pluralism – Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space; Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected; Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as a Way of Observing the World; Globalization and Pluralism; Globalization and Pluralism – The Creation of Transnational Commandments; Globalization and Pluralism – The Pluralization and Relativization of State-Societies and Majority Religions; Globalization and Pluralism – Translation of the Concept of Religion; Poland; Politics and Religion – Secularization Theory; Definitions and History; Definitions and History – The Interplay; Types of Differentiation and the Modern State; Religion and Pluralism; Polytheism; Popular Religion* - “Folk” Religion; Late-Modern or Postmodern Religiosity; Portugal; *Postcolonial Theology* – Dating of Postcolonial Theology; Postcolonialism – Colonial and Postcolonial Knowledge; Postmodernism – Modernism Versus Postmodernism; Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture; Bhaktivedanta Prabhupada; Pramukh Swami; Prayer beads; Prison Religion; Protestant Buddhism; Protestant Christianity – Missionary Expansion of Protestantism; Public and Private Religion; Puerto Rico; Pure Land Buddhism;
Racism; Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan; Radhasoami; Fazlur Rahman; Ramanuja; Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh; Reform Hinduism – The Brahmo Samaj; The Arya Samaj and the Theosophical Society; Reform Hinduism – The Brahmo Samaj; The Arya Samaj and the Theosophical Society; Refugees – Religion and Forced Migration; Religion and Identity Formation Among Refugees; Religion and State – Religion and the Shaping of the Modern State; The Ways of Separation Between Church and State; Religions and World Federation; Religious Dialogue – Kinds of Dialogue; Brief Historical Survey; Religious Freedom – Two Meanings: Religious Freedom in the United States and International Law – International Religious Freedom Act; Religious Support and Resistance – Religious History; Religious Support and Resistance – Religious Nationalism; Religious Support and Resistance – Religious Beliefs; Religious Support and Resistance – Right of Conscience; Religious Identity; Religious Minority-Majority Relations* – Global Level; Religious Nationalism – Defining and Conceptualizing Religion and Nationalism; Nationalism, Religion, and Secularization; Religion and the Nation in a National World; Nationalism, “Religious Return,” and the Contemporary World; Réunion; Rites of Passage – From Separation to Transition to Incorporation; Roman Catholicism – Critical Historical Events; Ethnocultural and Doctrinal Diversity; Globalization and Religious Pluralism; Romania; Rome – Rome and Catholicism; Rome and Catholicism – The Jubilee 2000 Celebration; Rome and Other Religions; Eric Robert Rudolph; Russian Federation – The Religious “Map” of the Russian Federation in a Globalized World; Theological Approach of Russian Orthodoxy to Globalization; Russian Orthodox Antiglobalism; Global Russian Orthodoxy; Rwanda;
Zambia; Zen Buddhism – History; Practice; Zen in the West; Zimbabwe; Zionism – The Forerunners of Zionism; Challenges to the Zionist Idea; Contending Interpretations and Factions; Zoroastrianism and Parsis – Theology; History; Influence on Other Religions;
Minor articles
Africa - Globalization and Technology – Shifts in Technological Advancement; Globalization and Technology – Modes of Transport; Africa and Global Society – Global Market Exchange; Africa and Global Society – Globalization; Africa and Global Society – Farming Production and Export; Africa and Global Society – Industrial Development and Product Access; Religions of Africa – Supernatural Powers; Religions of Africa – Witchcraft; Cultural Practices and Competing Values – Art and Culture; Cultural Practices and Competing Values – African and European Philosophical Differences in Worldview; al Qaeda – Organizational Structure; Preferred Operational Models; Animals – Western Philosophy, Law, and Animals; Apostle Paul – Baptism; Paul's Missionary Journeys – First Evangelical Missionary Journey (Acts of the Apostles 13:1-15:35); Paul's Missionary Journeys – Third Missionary Journey (Acts of the Apostles 18:23-21:16); Art – Early Symbiosis of Art and Religion; Architecture and Sacred Space; Art as Religious Representation; Assimilation – Religious Settlement; Atheism – History; Atheism and Intellecturalism; Summary; Australia – Aboriginal Australians; European Settlers; Authority – Nature; Differences; Received Authority; Competition Between Authorities; Modernity; Community; Systemic Temporality; Aztecs – Religious Descendants;
Baháʼí – History; Global Teachings; Baltic Countries – Religions in the Baltic Countries – Estonia; Religions in the Baltic Countries – Latvia; Beijing – The Administration of Religions; The Study of Religion in Beijing; Borderlands – Still Nepantla; Brazil – Catholicism; Protestantism; Spiritism; Afro-Brazilian Religions; Judaism; Islam; Other Religious Groups; Religious Groups in Electronic Media and Legislative Bodies;
Canada – Historical Background; Candomblé – History; Axé: Transforming Power; Canterbury – The City; China – General Knowledge About China – Outline of History; General Knowledge About China – Administrative Divisions; General Knowledge About China – Nationalities; Religions in China – Buddhism; Religions in China – Islam; Chinese Folk Religion; Other Religions – Manichaeism; Other Religions – Zoroastrianism; Other Religions – Judaism; Policy Toward Religion; Cinema – Cinema and Islamic Cultures; Buddhism and Other East Asian Religions; Civil Religion – Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Civil Religion; Civil Religion around the Globe; Confucianism – Clarification of Terms; Confucian Ritual Practices in Imperial China; Cosmic War and Cosmic Conflict – Conclusion; Cuba – Roman Catholic Church; Judaism; Buddhism; Spiritism;
Dalai Lama – Who Is the Dalai Lama?; Process of Regeneration; Tenzin Gyatos, the 14th Dalai Lama (b. 1935); Diaspora – Paths Toward Definition – Definition by Etymology; Making and Maintaining Diasporas – A Diaspora Is a Specific Kind of Culture; Making and Maintaining Diasporas – Diasporas Cross Gaps and Are Also About Such Gaps;
Economic Issues and Religion – Sustainable Taxation; Giving Time; Ecumenicalism – Ecumenism and Interfaith Dialogue; Worldwide Challenges; Egypt – A New Global Future for Islam?; Environment – The Dualist Paradigm; Revisiting Traditions; Equality – Races; Classes and Caste; Sexualities; Minority Religious Groups; Conclusion; Ethics - Religion and Ethics; Ethiopia – Religious Distribution; State and Religion; Europe – Common Factors – Cultural Heritage; Common Factors – Europe: An Exceptional Case?; Evangelical Movements – A Global Phenomenon – Brazil; Conclusion;
Festivals – Festivals of Incorporation; Basic Characteristics of Festivals; Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Festivals; Social and Cultural Contexts of Festivals; African Festivals; Masquerades; Dance; Festivals in the United States; New Year Festivals; Food Festivals; Conclusion; Flood myth – The Biblical Account – Sources; France – Separation of Church and State; Shrines and Pilgriamges; Religious Studies; Fundamentalism – Examples in Judaism; Fundamentalism in Islam; Examples Outside Monotheism;
Mohandas Gandhi – The Nature of Religion; Religion and the Scriptures; Religion and Prayer; Religion and the State; Religion and Social Action; Religious Pluralism; Secularism; Georgia (country) – Legal Regulation of Religious Life; Processes After Regaining Independence; Opposition to Globalization; Global Cities – Religion in Global Cities – Spatial Semiotics of Urban Neighborhoods; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Brooklyn; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Cape Town; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Germany; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Göteberg; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Lisbon; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Manchester; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – New York; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Rio de Janeiro; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Rome; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Sarajevo; Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Singapore; Conclusion; Globalization – Religion as a Carrier of Globalizing Tendencies; God – Referring to God, Goddess, Gods, and Goddesses; Attributes of God – Omnipresence; Attributes of God – Omnipotence; Attributes of God – Omniscience; Globalization of God; Concepts of God; Concepts of God – Traditions of the Americas; Concepts of God – Greco-Roman Traditions; Concepts of God – New Religious Movements; Guatemala – Roman Catholicism – The Guatemelan Bishops' Conference; Roman Catholicism – The Catholic Charismatic Renewal; Mainstream Protestantism; Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism; Marginal Christians; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements;
Heaven – Islam; Evolution of Beliefs About Heaven; Heresy – The Concept of Heresy in Eastern Religions; Holidays – Holidays in Islam; Human Rights – Religious Support – Christians; Religious Support – Jews; Religious Support – Muslims; Religious Support – Hindus; Religious Support – Buddhists; Religious Support – Chinese; Religious Support – Others; Summary;
India – Ancient India Influenced by Aryans; India's Christian and Jewish Communities; Global Spread of Sikhism; Global Spread of Hindu Teachers and Fellowships; India in the Era of Global Religion; Indigenous Religions – Orality – Morality; Orality – Religious Leaders; The Future of Indigenous Religions; Indonesia – Pascasila; Animism; Hinduism; Buddhism; Roman Catholicism; Protestantism; Confucianism; Recent Developments; Iran – Iran's Unleashed Youth Power; Women in Iran; Iraq – Sumerians, Akkadians, and Babylonians; Paganism and Gnosticism; Magianism; Islam; Islam – Sources of Knowledge in Islam – The Qur’an; Sources of Knowledge in Islam – The Hadith; Sources of Knowledge in Islam – Basis of Shari’a; Why Arabic?; The Sunnī/Shi’a Divide; The Five Pillars of Islam – Belief (Iman); The Five Pillars of Islam – Sharing Wealth/Charity (Zakaat); The Five Pillars of Islam – Fasting During the Month of Ramadan (Sawm); The Five Pillars of Islam – Pilgrimage (Hajj); The Seven Articles of Faith – Angels; The Seven Articles of Faith – Scriptures; The Seven Articles of Faith – Prophets; The Seven Articles of Faith – The Day of Judgment; The Seven Articles of Faith – Life after Death/Heaven and Hell; Festivals and Ceremonies; Halal and Haram; Islam and Women – Social and Political Rights of Women; Islam and Women – Property Rights of Women in Islam; Marriage and the Right to Divorce in Islam; Polygamy; Islamic Modernism – Origins; Reformers – Tahtawi and Khayr al-Din; Islamic Reform – Saudi Arabia; South Asia; Iraq, Iran, and Shi’a Reforms; Women; Ismailis - Ismailis – The Formative Years (ca. 7th to 9th centuries CE); The Fatimids and Qarmatis (ca. 9th to 12th centuries); Nizari, Tayibbi, and Hafizi Ismailis (ca. 12th to 13th Centuries CE); The Nizaris (ca. 13th to 18th centuries CE); Italy – “Do-It-Yourself” Catholicism; Strong but Changing Social and Political Presence;
Jainism – Conclusion; Japan – Most Recent Newcomers: Muslims; Just War – Cicero; Augustine and Aquinas; Twentieth Century; Present and Future of Just War Theory;
Kazakhstan – Christianity in Kazakhstan – Orthodox; New Religious Movements in Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of or North Korea – Establishment of the Nation and the Change of Religious Policy – 1945 to 1953; Establishment of the Nation and the Change of Religious Policy – 1953 to 1972; Kumbha Mela – Origins; The Mela, Past and Present;
La Luz del Mundo Church – A Mexican Diaspora; Liberal Islam – Liberal Islam Today – Ijtihād as a Right; Liberal Islam Today – Shari'a as a Human Interpretation of the Voice of Allah; Liberal Islam Today – Human Rights Can Also Have a Religious Foundation; Liberal Islam Today – Gender Equality Within Islam; Progressive Muslims – Social Justice; Liberation Theology – The Religious Context; The Sociopolitical Context; The Sociopolitical Impact of Liberation Theology; Liberation Theology Today;
Macau; Macedonia; Madagascar; Madrid – Religious Festivities and Labor Law; Religion and Education; Religion and Public Economic Subsidies; Mahayana Buddhism – Origins; Globalization of Buddhism; Mahayana in the West; A New “Yana”: Transcending Mahayana and Theravada; Mahdi; Mahdi of Sudan; Malawi; Malaysia – Islam; Hinduism; Mali; Bronislaw Malinowski; Malta; Manichaeism; Maria Lionza Cult of Venezuela; Marian Cults and Apparitions in Latin America; Marshall Islands; David Martin; Martinique; Martyrdom* – History of Martyrdom; Issues Concerning Martyrdom; Marx and Religion; Marxism – Life and Works of Karl Marx; Dialectical Materialism; Marxism and Religion; Influence of Marxism on Revolutions and Social Movements; Mashhad; Material Culture – Religion and Material Culture; Muritania; Mauritius; Abu'l-a'la Mawdudi; McDonaldization; Timothy McVeigh; Mecca; Medina; Meditation – Nepal, Southeast Asia, Japan, and China: Buddhist Expansion and Chinese Meditation; Meditation: Contemporary Global Phenomenon; Mediterranean World – Early Polytheism; The Blending of the World; Roman Dominance; The Islamization of the Sea; The Crusades; Inquisitions, Turks, and the Ottoman Empire; Megachurch; Men's Roles – Men as Founders and Religious Professionals; Men's Spirituality; Mesoamerican Religions – Teotihuacan; Maya; Aztec; After the Conquest; Mexican Concheros; Mexico – Religious Pluralization; Mexico City* – History of Mexico City; Culture of Religion in Mexico City; Culture of Religion in Mexico City – The Virgin of Guadeloupe; Micronesia; Middle East – Persia and Syria; The Monotheistic Religions – Judaism; The Monotheistic Religions – Christianity; The Monotheistic Religions – Islam; The Ottoman Empire; Millenarian Movements – Related Terms; Nativist Millennial Movements; Millenarianism and New Religious Movements; Millenarianism and Violence; Missions and Missionaries – Distinction Between Mission and Missions; Missionaries; Missionary Activity Today; Missionary Activity Today – Christian; Conclusion; Mithras cult; Modernism – Enlightenment; Industrialism; Modernization – The Protestant Reformation; Moldova; Monaco; Monasticism – Christian Monasticism; Buddhist Monasticism; Mongol Empire; Mongolia; Monotheism; Mormons – Origins and Early History; Origins and Early History – The Move Westward; Origins and Early History – The Nauvoo Settlement; Origins and Early History – Schisms and Migration; Mormonism Today; Morocco; Moscow; Mosques; Mother Teresa; Mozambique; Mughal Empire; Muhammad; Muhammad Mujtahid-Shabistari; Max Müller; Multiculturalism – Freedom of Speech and Expression; Multiple Faiths*; Multiple Modernities – Classical Approaches to Modernity; The Political and Cultural Program of Modernity: Autonomy and Destructive Tendencies; The Religious Dimension of Modernity; Music – The Power of Music in Religion; Globalization, Religion, and Music; Global Religions and Musical Diversity; Muslim Brotherhood – Early Years; Beyond Egypt: Arab Nationalism and Militant Islamism; Myanmar or Burma; Mysticism – Toward a Typology of Mystical Experiences; Methodology;
Native North American Religion – Worldview; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony – Nature and Religion; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony – Taboos; Dynamics of Native North American Religions; Neo-Pagan Movements – Implications; New Age Movements – Problems of Definition; New Religions – Conclusion; New Religions in Cuba – Implications; Nordic Countries – Changing Religious Landscapes; North Africa – Pre-Christian History; The Christian Era; The Independence Period;
Panama – Roman Catholicism – The Panamanian Bishops' Conference; Roman Catholicism – Catholic Charismatic Renewal or CCR; Mainstream Protestantism; Pentecostalism; Marginal Christians; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements; Paraguay – Roman Catholicism – Jesuits and Franciscans; Roman Catholicism – The Catholic Charismatic Renewal; Mainstream Protestantism; Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism; Marginal Christians; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements; Perennial Philosophy – The Term Philosophia Perennis – Historical Origin; Philosophia Perennis et Universalis – Related Terms; The Doctrine of the Philosophia Perennis – Origin; The Doctrine of the Philosophia Perennis – The Return; Pilgrimage – Pilgrimage as Journey; Pilgrimage and Modernity; Pluralism – Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space – Religious pluralism understood as the existence of more than one religious tradition within a given society; Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space – Religious pluralism understood as the coexistence of different institutional or interpretational forms within a given religious tradition; Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space – Religious pluralism as the commitment to and/or combination of beliefs and practices from different religions at an individual level; Conceptual Pluralism - Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected – Religious pluralism as a human rights issue; Conceptual Pluralism - Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected – Religious pluralism as inscribed in state legislations; Conceptual Pluralism - Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected – Religious pluralism as linked to interfaith dialogue and ecumenical work; Politics and Religion – Definitions and History – Religion; Definitions and History – Politics; Popular Religion - Mass Culture; Postcolonial Theology – The Critical Analytical Task; Decolonizing Theologies; Postmodernism – Pioneers of Postmodernism – Structuralism and Deconstructionism (Poststructuralism); Pioneers of Postmodernism – Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Richard Rorty; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Roland Barthes; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Michel Foucault; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Jacques Derrida; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Jean Baudrillard; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Jean-Francois Lyotard; Pioneers of Postmodernism – Fredric Jameson; Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture – Fragmentation; Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture – Authenticity; Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture – Expression; Postmodernism and Globalization; Protestant Christianity – Origins; Protestantism in the Western World; Pentecostalism;
Reform Hinduism – The Ramakrishna Mission; Aurobindo Ghose; Mohandas Gandhi; Hindutva; The Hindu Diaspora; Communalism; Reform Hinduism – The Ramakrishna Mission; Aurobindo Ghose; Mohandas Gandhi; Hindutva; The Hindu Diaspora; Communalism; Refugees – Religious Refugee Aid Organizations; Religious Dialogue – The Concept of Dialogue; Other Initiatives; Issues and Concerns; Religious Freedom – Two Meanings: Religious Freedom in the United States and International Law – European Court of Human Rights; Two Meanings: Religious Freedom in the United States and International Law – International Efforts; Religious Minority-Majority Relations – National Level; Local Level; Contemporary Pluralism; Religious Nationalism – Religion and the Nation in a National World – The anticlerical or “laicist” form; Religion and the Nation in a National World – The denominational form; Religion and the Nation in a National World – The national church form; Religion and the Nation in a National World – The separatist religious nationalism form; Conclusion; Roman Catholicism – Demographic Composition; The Church's Teaching on Social Justice; Rome – Rome and Catholicism – Holy Year or Jubilee; Rome and Other Religions – Jewish Romans; Rome and Other Religions – Waldensian Protestant Church; Rome and Other Religions – Immigration; Rome and Other Religions – Pluralism;
Saints – Heavenly and Human Intercessors; Santería – Cosmology and Initiatic System; Scripture – Canonical Authority – Torah; Canonical Authority – Qur’an; Secularization – Defining Secularization; Current Developments in Fact and Theory; Sexuality – Autoeroticism; Celbiacy; Shi’a Islam – Origins; Shi’ite Ideology; Silk Road – Traveling the Roads; Trade and Commodities; Religion on the Silk Road – Zoroastrianism; Religion on the Silk Road – Buddhism; Religion on the Silk Road – Manichaeism; Religion on the Silk Road – Nestorianism; Religion on the Silk Road – Islam; Social Justice – Social Justice Policies; Criticisms of the Concept of Social Justice; South Asia – Early Exchanges with Other Cultures; Buddhism Spreads Across Asia; Hindu Diaspora; Stupa – History, Form, and Symbolism; Sacred Space and Religious Practice; Sufism – Characteristics and Development of Sufi Orders; Jalāluddīn Rūmī;
Tattooing and Piercing – Ritual Tattooing; Ritual Piercing; Televangelism – International Context; Terrorism – Rationalist Approaches; Thailand – Development of the Thai Nation-State; Christianity in Thailand; Islam in Thailand; Thailand in the Global Era; Tibet – Tibet and the People's Republic of China; Tokyo – Muslims; Transvestites and Transsexuals – Changing Relationships;
United Kingdom –Migration and Secularization – Northern Ireland; The 21st Century – Islam;
Veda – Veda Beyond Texts; Engaging the Veda; Vietnam – Buddhism in Vietnam; Vietnamese Christianity; Vietnam at the Beginning of the 21st Century; Vodou – Philosophical Tracts; Rituals; Future;
Women's Roles – Changes in Women's Role – Goddess Religion; Changes in Women's Role – Liberating Founders and Patriarchal Institutions; Changes in Women's Role – The Feminist Movement; World Council of Churches – Initiatives with the Future in View;
Afghanistan – Early History**; The Great Game**; Communism and the Cold War**; Growth of the Taliban and the U.S. War**;
Africa – Social Impact of Religious Worldviews**; Colony, Government, Economy***; Africa and Global Society**; Religions of Africa***; Cultural Practices and Competing Views**;
Africa – Colony, Government, Economy – Brief Early History of Africa**; Slavery and Colonization**; Globalization and Technology**;
Africa – Africa and Global Society – Global Market Exchange*; Globalization*; Farming Production and Export*; Industrial Development and Product Access*;
Africa – Globalization and Technology – Shifts in Technological Advancement*; Impact of Technological Change**; Modes of Transport*;
Africa – Religions of Africa – Islam**; Christianity**; African Traditional Religion**; Style Aesthetics and Signification**; Supernatural Powers*; Witchcraft*;
Africa – Cultural Practices and Competing Values – Art and Culture*; African and European Philosophical Differences in Worldview*; Competing Values and Philosophy**;
al Qaeda – Historical Overview**; Organizational Structure*; Basic Ideological Tenets and Goals**; Preferred Operational Models*;
Animals – Animal Themes in India Religious Traditions**; Western Philosophy, Law, and Animals*;
Apostle Paul – Baptism*; Activity**; Paul's Missionary Journeys**; Return to Jerusalem**;
Apostle Paul – Paul's Missionary Journeys – First Evangelical Missionary Journey (Acts of the Apostles 13:1-15:35)*; Second Missionary Journey – 48 to 51 CE (Acts of the Apostles 15:36-18:22)**; Third Missionary Journey (Acts of the Apostles 18:23-21:16)*;
Arabic – Classification, Dialects, Morphology, and the Alphabet**; Religio-Historical Importance**; Modern Developments**;
Art – Early Symbiosis of Art and Religion*; Architecture and Sacred Space*; Art as Religious Representation*; Religious Experience and Artistic Practice**; The Clash of Art and Religion**;
Assimilation – Case Studies**; Religious Settlement*; Challenges to Assimilation**;
Atheism – History*; Estimating the Number of Atheists Worldwide**; Global Secularization**; Case Study: The United States**; Attitudes Toward Atheists and the Atheist Label**; Atheism and Intellecturalism*; Summary*;
Aum Shinrikyô – Aum, Millennialism, and Mission**; The Turn to Violence**; Aum After the Attacks**;
Australia – Aboriginal Australians*; European Settlers*; Church and Society**; Current Trends**;
Authority – Perceptions**; The Exercise of Authority**; Nature*; Differences*; Received Authority*; Competition Between Authorities*; Modernity*; Community*; Systemic Temporality*;
Aztecs – Origins**; Imperial Religion**; Religious Descendants*;
Baha’i – History*; Global Teachings*; Global Structures**; Spiritual Basis of Globalization**;
Baltic Countries – Religions in the Baltic Countries**; Current Issues and Challenges**;
Baltic Countries – Religions in the Baltic Countries – Estonia*; Latvia*; Lithuania**;
Beijing – Brief History of Beijing**; Religions in Beijing**; The Administration of Religions*; The Study of Religion in Beijing*;
Robert Bellah – Religion in Human Evolution**; Civil Religion and Public Theology in Global Perspective**;
Bodh Gaya – Buddha's Enlightenment**; Mahābodhi Temple and Monastery**; Modern Period**;
Borderlands – Still Nepantla*; Borderland Religions**; Religious Expression**;
Brahmanical Hinduism – Vedas**; Shruti and Smriti**; Brahmanical Synthesis**;
Brazil – Catholicism*; Protestantism*; Spiritism*; Afro-Brazilian Religions*; Judaism*; Islam*; Other Religious Groups*; Religious Groups in Electronic Media and Legislative Bodies*;
Canada – Historical Background*; Religion in Present-Day Canada**;
Candomblé – History*; Axé: Transforming Power*; Orixás: Mediators Between Nature, God, and Man**; Religious Authority: The Mother (or Father) of Saints**;
Canterbury – The City*; The Cathedral**; The Archbishop**;
China – General Knowledge About China**; Religions in China**; Chinese Folk Religion*; Other Religions**; Policy Toward Religion*; Statistics**; New Religious Trends in China**;
China – General Knowledge About China – Outline of History*; Administrative Divisions*; Nationalities*;
China – Religions in China – Buddhism*; Daoism**; Islam*; Christianity**;
China – Other Religions – Manichaeism*; Zoroastrianism*; Judaism*;
Chinese Popular Religion – Overview of Chinese Popular Religion**; Examples of Syncretized Popular Deities**; Globalization and Revivals of Popular Religion on the Mainland**;
Christian Militia – Modern Christian Militia**; The Sociology of Christian Militias**;
Christianity – Pax Romana***; Western European Christian Denominations: The Reformation and Its Aftermath***; The Ecumenical Movement and Other Recent Developments**;
Cinema – Biblical and Christian Films**; Hinduism**; Cinema and Islamic Cultures*; Buddhism and Other East Asian Religions*;
Civil Religion – Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Civil Religion*; Émile Durkheim and Civil Religion**; Robert Bellah and Civil Religion**; The Civil Religion Debate in America**; Civil Religion since the 1970s**; Civil Religion around the Globe*;
Civil Society – The History of a Concept***; Civil Religion and Civil Society**; Globalization and Transnational Communities**; Conclusion: Can Global Civil Society Succeed?**;
Confucianism – Clarification of Terms*; “The Master Said”: Confucius and His Disciples**; The Confucian Canon and the Civil Service Examination System**; The Four Books: The Legitimation of the Neo-Confucian Orthodoxy**; Confucian Ritual Practices in Imperial China*; The “Confucianity Movement” in the Republic of China**; The Ambivalent “Harmonious Society”: Confucianism in Socialist China**; The Contemporary Revival of Confucian Ritual Practice**; The Global Nature of Confucianism**;
Conversion – Global World Religions Competing for Converts**; Conversion Models**; Conversion and Globalization**; Conversion and the Nation-State**; Conversion and the Religious Organization**; The Converting Subject**; Conclusions**;
Cosmic War and Cosmic Conflict – Identifying Motifs***; Conclusion*;
Cosmic War and Cosmic Conflict – Identifying Motifs – Rupture**; Warring Deities and Heroes**; Ritualization of Battle**;
Cuba – Roman Catholic Church*; Judaism*; Buddhism*; Spiritism*; African American Religions**;
Cycle of Rebirth – Hinduism**; Buddhism**;
Dalai Lama – Who Is the Dalai Lama?*; Process of Regeneration*; History**; Tenzin Gyatos, the 14th Dalai Lama (b. 1935)*;
Daoism – Chinese Daoism: History and Interpretation**; Daoism as a Global Religious and Cultural Phenomenon**; Appropriation, Adaptation, and Transmission**;
Democratic Republic of the Congo – Survival of Ancient Shamanism**; The Katangan Shaman (Ngaga)**; Midnight Crossroads Miracles and Spiritual Magic**;
Deng Xiaoping – Religion Before Deng*; Policy Changes**; Motivations**;
Detraditionalization and Retraditionalization – Traditions and Their Role in Society**; Traditions in Late Modernity or Postmodernity**; Cultural Globalization and Religious Traditions**;
Diaspora – Paths Toward Definition**; Making and Maintaining Diasporas**; Diasporic Religion**;
Diaspora – Paths Toward Definition – Definition by Etymology*; Definition by List**; Defining by Relation**;
Diaspora – Making and Maintaining Diasporas – A Diaspora Is a Specific Kind of Culture*; Diasporas Cross Gaps and Are Also About Such Gaps*; Diaspora as a Series of Interventions, Not a Permanent State of Being**; Diaspora Culture Is the Elevation of One Group Over Others**;
Eastern Orthodox Christianity – Beliefs and Practices**; History**; The Church Today**;
Economic Issues and Religion – Debt Bondage and Usury**; Sustainable Taxation*; Giving Time*;
Ecumenicalism – The Modern Ecumenical Movement**; Ecumenical Debates**; Ecumenism and Interfaith Dialogue*; Worldwide Challenges*;
Egypt – Colonialism, Defensive Modernization, and Religion**; Secular and Religious Nationalism**; Religion and the State**; Secular Failures and the Turn Toward Islam**; A New Global Future for Islam?*;
Environment – The Dualist Paradigm*; Alliance Between World Religions and Environmentalism**; Revisiting Traditions*;
Equality – Genders**; Races*; Classes and Caste*; Sexualities*; Handicaps/Disabilities**; Minority Religious Groups*; Conclusion*;
Ethics -Theories of Ethics**; Religion and Ethics*; Biblical Religions**; Religions of South and East Asia***; Here and Now**;
Ethiopia – Religious Distribution*; State and Religion*; Inter- and Intrareligious Tensions**;
Europe – Common Factors***; Regional Differences***;
Europe – Common Factors – Cultural Heritage*; The Historic Churches*; From Obligation to Consumption**; New Arrivals**; Europe's Secular Elites**; Europe: An Exceptional Case?*;
Europe – Common Factors – The Historic Churches – Believing Without Belonging**; Vicarious Religion**;
Europe – Regional Differences – Confessional Blocs**; Communist and Noncommunist Europe**; Levels of Religious Activity**; Concluding Remarks**;
European Union – History**; Structure**; Religion and Religiousness Within the EU**; The EU and Religion**;
Evangelical Movements – A Global Phenomenon***; Conclusion*;
Evangelical Movements – A Global Phenomenon – Brazil*; Asia**; United States**;
Festivals – Unity and Diversity**; Festivals of Incorporation*; Basic Characteristics of Festivals*; Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Festivals*; Social and Cultural Contexts of Festivals*; African Festivals*; Masquerades*; Dance*; Festivals in the United States*; New Year Festivals*; Food Festivals*; Conclusion*;
Flood myth – The Biblical Account**; Ancient Near Eastern Accounts**;
Flood myth – The Biblical Account – Sources*;
France – History**; Separation of Church and State*; Shrines and Pilgriamges*; People**; Congregations, Movements, and Nongovernmental Organizations**; Religious Studies*;
Fundamentalism – American Protestant Fundamentalism**; Examples in Judaism*; Fundamentalism in Islam*; Examples Outside Monotheism*; Conclusion**;
Mohandas Gandhi – The Nature of Religion*; Religion and the Scriptures*; Religion and Prayer*; Religion and the State*; Religion and Social Action*; Religious Pluralism*; Secularism*;
Gender – Religion Shaping Gender**; Gender Shaping Religion and Religious Studies**;
Georgia – Legal Regulation of Religious Life*; Processes After Regaining Independence*; Opposition to Globalization*;
Global Cities – Religion in Global Cities***; Conclusion*;
Global Cities – Religion in Global Cities – Spatial Semiotics of Urban Neighborhoods*; Examples from Contemporary Global Cities***;
Global Cities – Religion in Global Cities – Examples from Contemporary Global Cities – Brooklyn*; Cape Town*; Germany*; Göteberg*; Lisbon*; Manchester*; New York*; Paris**; Rio de Janeiro*; Rome*; Sarajevo*; Singapore*;
Global Religion – Religious Aspects of Migration**; The Global Transmission of Religious Ideas**; The Religious Expressions of Transnational Communities**; The Study of Global Religion***;
Globalization – Religion as a Carrier of Globalizing Tendencies*; Globalization of Religion**;
Globalization and Conversion – Globalization and Conversion**; Conclusion**;
God – Referring to God, Goddess, Gods, and Goddesses*; Qualitative and Quantitative Theistic Categories**; Attributes of God**; Globalization of God*; Concepts of God**;
God – Attributes of God – Omnipresence*; Omnipotence*; Omniscience*;
God – Concepts of God – Abrahamic Traditions**; Traditions of the Americas*; Eastern Religions**; Greco-Roman Traditions*; New Religious Movements*;
Goddess – Goddesses in Ancient Religions**; Goddesses in Asia**; Goddesses in Europe, Africa, and the Americas**;
Guatemala – Roman Catholicism**; Mainstream Protestantism*; Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism*; Marginal Christians*; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements*;
Guatemala – Roman Catholicism – The Guatemelan Bishops' Conference*; The Catholic Charismatic Renewal*;
Halakha and Shari’a* - Shari’a**;
Heaven – Judaism and Christianity**; Islam*; Hinduism and Buddhism**; Evolution of Beliefs About Heaven*;
Heresy – Heresy in Christianity**; Heresy in Islam**; The Concept of Heresy in Eastern Religions*;
Hinduism – Beliefs, Thought, and Practice***; Medieval and Modern Developments**; Hinduism as a Global Religion**;
Hinduism – Beliefs, Thought, and Practice – Beliefs and Rites***; Systems of Thought**;
Holidays – Holidays in Islam*; Holidays in Christianity**; Holidays in Judaism**; Holidays in Hinduism**; Holidays in Buddhism**; Holidays and Globalization**;
Human Rights – International Law**; Religious Support**; Summary*;
Human Rights – Religious Support – Christians*; Jews*; Muslims*; Hindus*; Buddhists*; Chinese*; Others*;
India – Ancient India Influenced by Aryans*; Indian Origins of Global Buddhism**; India's Christian and Jewish Communities*; India's Role in Global Islam**; Global Spread of Sikhism*; Global Spread of Hindu Teachers and Fellowships*; India in the Era of Global Religion*;
Indigenous Religions – Lands**; Deities**; Orality**; The Future of Indigenous Religions*;
Indigenous Religions – Lands – Colonization and Removal Attempts**;
Indigenous Religions – Deities – Philippine Islands**; West Africa**;
Indigenous Religions – Orality – Morality*; Religious Leaders*;
Indo-European Religion – Historical and Geographical Parameters**; Historical Significance**;
Indonesia – Pascasila*; Animism*; Hinduism*; Buddhism*; Islam**; Roman Catholicism*; Protestantism*; Confucianism*; Recent Developments*;
Iran – Historical Iran**; Iran's Unleashed Youth Power*; Women in Iran*; The Commemoration of Ashura**;
Iraq – Sumerians, Akkadians, and Babylonians*; Paganism and Gnosticism*; Magianism*; Judaism and Christianity**; Islam*;
Islam – Sources of Knowledge in Islam**; Why Arabic?*; The Sunnī/Shi’a Divide*; The Five Pillars of Islam**; The Seven Articles of Faith**; Festivals and Ceremonies*; Halal and Haram*; Islam and Violence**; Islam and Women**;
Islam – Sources of Knowledge in Islam – The Qur’an*; The Hadith*; Basis of Shari’a*;
Islam – The Five Pillars of Islam – Belief (Iman)*; Prayer (Salaat)**; Sharing Wealth/Charity (Zakaat)*; Fasting During the Month of Ramadan (Sawm)*; Pilgrimage (Hajj)*;
Islam – The Seven Articles of Faith – The Oneness of God (Tauheed)**; Angels*; Scriptures*; Prophets*; The Day of Judgment*; Fate (Qadar)**; Life after Death/Heaven and Hell*;
Islam – Islam and Women – Social and Political Rights of Women*; Property Rights of Women in Islam*; Marriage and the Right to Divorce in Islam*; Polygamy*;
Islam in Latin America – Migration from the Near East to Latin America (1880-1930)**; Construction of a Muslim Minority**;
Islamic Modernism – Origins*; Reformers***;
Islamic Modernism – Reformers – Tahtawi and Khayr al-Din*; Afghani**; Abduh**; Rida**; Khan and Iqbal**;
Islamic Reform – Saudi Arabia*; Egypt**; South Asia*; Iraq, Iran, and Shi’a Reforms*; Women*;
Ismailis – The Formative Years (ca. 7th to 9th centuries CE)*; The Fatimids and Qarmatis (ca. 9th to 12th centuries)*; Nizari, Tayibbi, and Hafizi Ismailis (ca. 12th to 13th Centuries CE)*; The Nizaris (ca. 13th to 18th centuries CE)*; The Agha Khan Imams (ca. 18th to 20th Centuries CE)**;
Israel – Secularism and Orthodoxy in Israeli Judaism**; Muslims and Christians**; The Legacy of the Diaspora**;
Italy – Increased Religious Diversification**; “Do-It-Yourself” Catholicism*; Strong but Changing Social and Political Presence*;
Jainism – Background**; Global Jainism**; Ideology and Practice**; Conclusion*;
Jainism – Global Jainism – Ahimsa**; Aparigrapha**; Anekantavada**;
Japan – Chinese and Korean Migration**; Religions of Koreans in Japan**; Religions in Chinatowns in Japan**; Religions During and After Japanese Imperialism**; Religion and Japanese Immigration**; Japanese Brazilians in Japan**; Most Recent Newcomers: Muslims*;
Jewish Diaspora – The Concept of Diaspora Versus Exile**; A Diaspora Like No Other**; The Historical Diaspora in Ancient Times**; The Emergence of Different Cultural Groups Within Jewry**; Early Medieval Diaspora Under Islam**; Medieval Diasporas Under Christianity**; Between Anti-Semitism and Enlightenment***; Modern Diaspora**;
Judaism – The Diaspora**; Leadership in Diaspora Communities**; Written and Oral Law**; Messianism**; Diversity and Heterodoxy**; Jewish Contributions to Culture**;
Just War – Cicero*; Augustine and Aquinas*; Early Modern Period**; Twentieth Century*; Present and Future of Just War Theory*;
Kazakhstan – Islam in Kazakhstan**; Christianity in Kazakhstan**; New Religious Movements in Kazakhstan*;
Kazakhstan – Christianity in Kazakhstan – Orthodox*; Roman Catholic**; Protestant**;
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of or North Korea – Establishment of the Nation and the Change of Religious Policy**; Juche-Sasang (The Idea of Self-Reliance) and Religion**;
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of or North Korea – Establishment of the Nation and the Change of Religious Policy – 1945 to 1953*; 1953 to 1972*; 1972 to the Present**;
Korea, Republic of or South Korea – Historical Development of Korean Religion and Its Characteristics**; Today's Religious Situation in Korea**;
Kumbha Mela – Origins*; The Mela, Past and Present*; Participants**;
La Luz del Mundo Church – Origin and Doctrine of La Luz del Mundo**; La Luz del Mundo in the United States**; A Mexican Diaspora*;
Latin America – Christianity***; Indigenous Religiosity**; African-Derived Religions**; Modern Religions**;
Liberal Islam – Liberal Islam Today**; Progressive Muslims**;
Liberal Islam – Liberal Islam Today – Ijtihād as a Right*; Shari'a as a Human Interpretation of the Voice of Allah*; Human Rights Can Also Have a Religious Foundation*; Gender Equality Within Islam*;
Liberal Islam – Progressive Muslims – Social Justice*; Pluralism Inside and Outside the Umma**;
Liberation Theology – The Religious Context*; The Sociopolitical Context*; Liberation Theology and Social Change in Latin America**; Ambivalences of Liberation Theology**; The Sociopolitical Impact of Liberation Theology*; Liberation Theology Today*;
Madrid – Religious Statistics*' Religious History*; Religion and the Law*; Religious Architecture*; Religious Cemeteries*; Religion and Food Products*; Religious Festivities and Labor Law**; Religious Matrimony*; Religious Assistance in Public Institutions*; Religion and Education**; Religion and Public Economic Subsidies**;
Mahayana Buddhism – Origins**; Globalization of Buddhism**; Mahayana in the West**; A New “Yana”: Transcending Mahayana and Theravada**;
Malaysia – Islam**; Buddhism and Chinese Religious Traditions*; Hinduism**; Christianity*;
Martyrdom – History of Martyrdom**; Issues Concerning Martyrdom**;
Marxism – Life and Works of Karl Marx**; Dialectical Materialism**; Marxism and Religion**; Influence of Marxism on Revolutions and Social Movements**; Marxism and Communism*; Marxism and Academia*;
Marxism – Marxism and Religion – On the Jewish Question*; Theses on Feuerbach*; Marxism and Liberation Theology*; Marxism and Religious Eschatology*; Marxism and Religious Movements*;
Marxism – Influence of Marxism on Revolutions and Social Movements – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics*; China*: Cuba*;
Material Culture – Religion and Material Culture**; Directions for Future Research*;
Meditation – India: Yoga, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Tantra*; Nepal, Southeast Asia, Japan, and China: Buddhist Expansion and Chinese Meditation**; The Middle East and Continental Europe: Monotheistic Meditation Practices*; Meditation: Contemporary Global Phenomenon**;
Mediterranean World – Early Polytheism**; The Blending of the World**; Roman Dominance**; Christian Rome*; The Islamization of the Sea**; The 'Abbāsid Caliphate and the Founding of al-Andalus*; The Crusades**; Inquisitions, Turks, and the Ottoman Empire**; The Decline of the Mediterranean*;
Men's Roles – Men as Founders and Religious Professionals**; Men's Spirituality**;
Mesoamerican Religions – Olmec*; Teotihuacan**; Tula*; Mixtec and Zapotec*; Maya**; Aztec**; After the Conquest**;
Mexico – Spanish Colonization and Evangelization*; Catholic Church and Mexican State*; Religion and Secularization*; The Pluralism of Mexican Catholicism*; Religious Pluralization**;
Mexico City – History of Mexico City**; Culture of Religion in Mexico City**;
Mexico City – Culture of Religion in Mexico City – The Virgin of Guadeloupe**; The Day of the Dead*;
Middle East – Egypt*; Sumeria*; Persia and Syria**; The Monotheistic Religions***; The Ottoman Empire**; The Middle East in the Present Day*;
Middle East – The Monotheistic Religions – Judaism**; Christianity**; Islam**;
Millenarian Movements – Related Terms**; Range of Behaviors*; Nativist Millennial Movements**; Millenarianism and New Religious Movements**; Millenarianism and Violence**; Conclusion*;
Missions and Missionaries – Distinction Between Mission and Missions**; Missionaries**; Missionary Activity Today**; Conclusion**;
Modernism – Industrialism – Taylorism and Fordism*; McDonaldization*;
Modernization – Medieval Europe*; The Protestant Reformation**; Enlightenment Rationalism and Christian Pietism*; Secularization, Progress, and the Self-Contradictions of Global Modernization***;
Monasticism – Christian Monasticism**; Buddhist Monasticism**;
Mormons – Origins and Early History***; Mormonism Today**;
Mormons – Origins and Early History – The Move Westward**; The Nauvoo Settlement**; Schisms and Migration**;
Multiculturalism – History*; Criticisms*; Multiculturalism and Religion*; Freedom of Speech and Expression**; Gender Equality*; Everyday Multiculturalism*;
Multiple Faiths – Definition*; Examples*; Related Phenomena*; History*; Conclusion*;
Multiple Modernities – Classical Approaches to Modernity**; The Political and Cultural Program of Modernity: Autonomy and Destructive Tendencies**; The Religious Dimension of Modernity**;
Music – The Power of Music in Religion**; Globalization, Religion, and Music**; Global Religions and Musical Diversity**; Conclusion*;
Muslim Brotherhood – Early Years**; Beyond Egypt: Arab Nationalism and Militant Islamism**;
Mysticism – Toward a Typology of Mystical Experiences**; Interpretative Approaches**; Methodology**;
Mysticism – Interpretative Approaches – Contextualist Approaches*; Philosophical and Theoretical Approaches*; Phenomenological and Comparative Approaches*; Theological Approaches*; Psychological Approaches*; Neuroscientific Approaches*; Postcolonialist and Postmodernist Approaches*;
Native Latin American Religion – Changes and Continuities**; Complexity, Diversity, and Tension**; Belief Systems, Culture, and Identity**; Indigenous Peoples Today: Religion and Conflict**;
Native North American Religion – Worldview*; Guardians and Totems**; The Supreme Being**; The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony**; Dynamics of Native North American Religions*;
Native North American Religion – The Cosmogonic Myths and Cosmic Harmony – Myths and Symbols**; Nature and Religion*; Taboos*; Visions and Rituals**;
Natural Law – Thomas Aquinas**; Snapshots of the 17th Century**; Current Debates Concerning Natural Law**;
Neo-Pagan Movements – Origins and Characteristics**; Implications*;
New Age Movements – Spiritual Eclecticism and Consumerism**; Problems of Definition*; Occulture and the New Age**; The Emergence of the New Age**; Global New Age**;
New Religions – Definitions and Classifications***; Conclusion*;
New Religions in Africa – Historical Context**; Indigenous Religions**; African-Derived Religions in the Diaspora**;
New Religions in Cuba – Cuba's Religious Traditions**; Implications*;
New Religions in Japan – Chief Characteristics of Modern New Religions**; Development of Modern New Religions and Their Social Activities**; New Types of Groups: The “Hyper Religions”**;
New Religions in South America – Catholic Charismatic Renewal**; (Neo-)Pentecostalism**; Afro-Brazilian Religions**; New Age**; Asian Religions: Hare Krishna and Buddhism**;
New Religions in the United States – New Religions in the 19th Century**; New Religions in the 20th Century**; The Turn East**; The Anticult Movement and Cult Wars**; The Future of New Religions**;
Nonviolence – Roots of Christian Nonviolence**; Christian Nonviolence in the Early 20th Century**; Nonviolence in South Asia**; Modern Religious Nonviolence**; Buddhist Nonviolence**;
Nordic Countries – Church and State**; Church Membership and Rites of Passage**; Religious Identity, Practice, and Faith**; Ethnic and Religious Minorities**; Changing Religious Landscapes*;
North Africa – Pre-Christian History*; The Christian Era*; The Islamic Era**; The Colonial Period**; The Independence Period*;
North America – Modern Demographic Realities**; Domination and Christianization**; Modernity and Its Consequences**; Key Trends in the Contemporary Cultural Scene**; Religious Politics and Fragmentation**; The Future of North American Religion and Globalization**;
Ottoman Empire – Foundations of Ottoman Social and Legal Structures***; Conclusion*;
Ottoman Empire – Foundations of Ottoman Social and Legal Structures – Education**; The Millet System**;
Pakistan – History Prior to Independence**; An Independent Pakistan**; Pakistan, Afghanistan, and the Taliban**;
Palestine – Early History Until the 19th History**; The 19th Century Onward**;
Panama – Roman Catholicism**; Mainstream Protestantism*; Pentecostalism*; Marginal Christians*; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements*;
Panama – Roman Catholicism – The Panamanian Bishops' Conference*; Catholic Charismatic Renewal or CCR*;
Paraguay – Roman Catholicism**; Mainstream Protestantism*; Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism*; Marginal Christians*; Other World Religions and Transnational Religious Movements*;
Paraguay – Roman Catholicism – Jesuits and Franciscans*; The Bishops' Conference and Liberation Theology**; The Catholic Charismatic Renewal*;
Pentecostal Movement – Historical Development**; Pentecostal Expansion**;
Perennial Philosophy – The Term Philosophia Perennis**; Philosophia Perennis et Universalis**; The Doctrine of the Philosophia Perennis**;
Perennial Philosophy – The Term Philosophia Perennis – Historical Origin*; Variant Uses**;
Perennial Philosophy – Philosophia Perennis et Universalis – Cross-Civilizational Implications**; Related Terms*;
Perennial Philosophy – The Doctrine of the Philosophia Perennis – Origin*; The Return*;
Philippines – Dissolution of Indigenous Culture**; Islamic Insurgency and Government Response**;
Pilgrimage – Pilgrimage as Journey*; Reasons for Pilgrimage**; Pilgrimage as Ritual**; Pilgrimage Sites**; Time and Boundaries in Pilgrimage**; Pilgrimage and Tourism**; Pilgrimage and Modernity*;
Pluralism – Conceptual Outline***; Globalization and Pluralism**;
Pluralism – Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space**; Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected**; Pluralism as a Way of Observing the World**;
Pluralism – Conceptual Outline – Pluralism as the Existence of More Than One of a Given Kind within a Delimited Space – Religious pluralism understood as the existence of more than one religious tradition within a given society*; Religious pluralism understood as the coexistence of different institutional or interpretational forms within a given religious tradition*; Religious pluralism as the commitment to and/or combination of beliefs and practices from different religions at an individual level*;
Pluralism – Conceptual Pluralism - Pluralism as a Value or a Moral Principle That Asserts Diversity as a Positive Thing that Should Be Supported and Protected – Religious pluralism as a human rights issue*; Religious pluralism as inscribed in state legislations*; Religious pluralism as linked to interfaith dialogue and ecumenical work*;
Pluralism – Globalization and Pluralism – The Creation of Transnational Commandments**; The Pluralization and Relativization of State-Societies and Majority Religions**; Translation of the Concept of Religion**;
Politics and Religion – Secularization Theory**; Definitions and History**; Types of Differentiation and the Modern State**; Religion and Pluralism**;
Politics and Religion – Definitions and History – Religion*; Politics*; The Interplay**;
Popular Religion - “Folk” Religion**; Mass Culture*; Late-Modern or Postmodern Religiosity**;
Postcolonial Theology – Dating of Postcolonial Theology**; The Critical Analytical Task*; Decolonizing Theologies*;
Postcolonialism – Colonial and Postcolonial Knowledge**; Christian Missionizing and the Globalization of Christianity***; Secularization, Nation-State Formation, and Religious Nationalism***;
Postmodernism – Modernism Versus Postmodernism**; Pioneers of Postmodernism***; Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture**; Postmodernism and Globalization*;
Postmodernism – Pioneers of Postmodernism – Structuralism and Deconstructionism (Poststructuralism)*; Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche*; Richard Rorty*; Roland Barthes*; Michel Foucault*; Jacques Derrida*; Jean Baudrillard*; Jean-Francois Lyotard*; Fredric Jameson*;
Postmodernism – Postmodernism, Religion, and Popular Culture – Fragmentation*; Authenticity*; Expression*;
Protestant Christianity – Origins*; Protestantism in the Western World*; Missionary Expansion of Protestantism**; Pentecostalism*;
Reform Hinduism – The Brahmo Samaj**; The Arya Samaj and the Theosophical Society**; The Ramakrishna Mission*; Aurobindo Ghose*; Mohandas Gandhi*; Hindutva*; The Hindu Diaspora*; Communalism*;
Reform Judaism – Emancipation in Europe*; Catalysts for European Reform**; Beginning of the Reform Movement in Germany: Religious Changes**; The Reform Movement in France and England**; The Reform Movement in the United States**; Reform as a Global Movement*;
Refugees – Religion and Forced Migration**; Religion and Identity Formation Among Refugees**; Religious Refugee Aid Organizations*;
Religion and State – Religion and the Shaping of the Modern State**; The Ways of Separation Between Church and State**;
Religious Dialogue – The Concept of Dialogue*; Kinds of Dialogue**; Brief Historical Survey**; Other Initiatives*; Issues and Concerns*;
Religious Freedom – Two Meanings: Religious Freedom in the United States and International Law***; Religious Support and Resistance***;
Religious Freedom – Two Meanings: Religious Freedom in the United States and International Law – International Religious Freedom Act**; European Court of Human Rights*; International Efforts*;
Religious Freedom – Religious Support and Resistance – Religious History**; Religious Nationalism**; Religious Beliefs**; Right of Conscience**;
Religious Minority-Majority Relations – Global Level**; National Level*; Local Level*; Contemporary Pluralism*;
Religious Nationalism – Defining and Conceptualizing Religion and Nationalism**; Nationalism, Religion, and Secularization**; Religion and the Nation in a National World**; Nationalism, “Religious Return,” and the Contemporary World**; Conclusion*;
Religious Nationalism – Religion and the Nation in a National World – The anticlerical or “laicist” form*; The denominational form*; The national church form*; The separatist religious nationalism form*;
Rites of Passage – From Separation to Transition to Incorporation**;
Roman Catholicism – Critical Historical Events**; Demographic Composition*; Ethnocultural and Doctrinal Diversity**; The Church's Teaching on Social Justice*; Globalization and Religious Pluralism**;
Rome – Rome and Catholicism**; Rome and Other Religions**;
Rome – Rome and Catholicism – Holy Year or Jubilee*; The Jubilee 2000 Celebration**;
Rome – Rome and Other Religions – Jewish Romans*; Waldensian Protestant Church*; Immigration*; Pluralism*;
Russian Federation – The Religious “Map” of the Russian Federation in a Globalized World**; Theological Approach of Russian Orthodoxy to Globalization**; Russian Orthodox Antiglobalism**; Global Russian Orthodoxy**;
Sacred Places – Institutionalization, Protection, and Access to Sacred Places**; Conflict Over Sacred Places**;
Saints – The Institutionalization of Sainthood***; Unofficial, Popular Saints**; Heavenly and Human Intercessors*;
Santería – Historical and National Context**; Cosmology and Initiatic System*; Communication between Men and Gods**; Ritual Kinship and Priesthood**; Social Organization and Contemporary Developments**;
Scripture – Scripture as a Relational Category**; Canonical Authority***;
Shi’a Islam – Origins*; Shi’ite Ideology*; Religious Ramifications of the Oppositional Shi’ism**; Other Shi’ite Factions**; Suffering, Martyrdom, and Shrine Culture**; Shi’ite Theology and Jurisprudence**;
Shinto – History**;
Sikhism – History***;
Sikhism – History – Beliefs**; Sacred Literature**; Devotional and Ceremonial Life**;
Silk Road – Traveling the Roads*; Trade and Commodities*; History Along the Silk Road**; Religion on the Silk Road**;
Silk Road – Religion on the Silk Road – Zoroastrianism*; Buddhism*; Manichaeism*; Nestorianism*; Islam*;
Wilfred Cantwell Smith – Biography**; Global Religion**;
Social Justice – History of Social Justice**; Social Justice Policies*; Criticisms of the Concept of Social Justice*;
Abdulkarim Soroush – Religious Experience*; The Qur’an*; Religious Understanding*;
South Asia – Beginnings: Brahmanical, Buddhist, and Jain Traditions**; Early Exchanges with Other Cultures*; Classical Hinduism**; Buddhism Spreads Across Asia*; The Consolidation of Islam in the Subcontinent**; Relgiions in Interaction in Early Medieval and Medieval South Asia**; Judaism and Christianity in South Asia**; The Colonial Period**; Hindu Diaspora*; Religion in Postpartition South Asia**;
Southeast Asia – Ancient Hindu and Buddhist Kingdoms**; Islamic Countries**; Christianity in Southeast Asia**;
Sports – Sports as Religious Phenomena**; History of Competing and Complementary Systems**;
Sri Lanka – Religious Exchange in the Premodern World**; Colonial Religious History**; Protestant Buddhism**; Buddhist Nationalism**; Diaspora and Vittual Communities**;
Stupa – History, Form, and Symbolism*; Sacred Space and Religious Practice*;
Sufism – Definitions and Origins Sufism**; Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and Muhyi al-Din Ibn al-‘Arabi**; Characteristics and Development of Sufi Orders*; Jalāluddīn Rūmī*; Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyya**; Sufism in the Modern World**;
Sunnī Islam – Historical Development***; Modern Developments Among Sunnī Islam**;
Sunnī Islam – Historical Development – The Question of Leadership**; Legal and Theological Foundations**;
Taiwan – History**; Religions**;
Tajikistan – Religious History**; Religious Politics in the Post-Soviet World**;
Tattooing and Piercing – Ritual Tattooing*; Ritual Piercing*;
Televangelism – American Televangelism**; International Context*;
Television – Popular Television's American Roots**; Religious Intolerance in the 21st Century**;
Terrorism – The Role of Religion**; Religiously Motivated Terror Movements**; Rationalist Approaches*; The Microeffects of Religion**;
Thailand – Development of the Thai Nation-State*; Buddhism in Thailand**; Christianity in Thailand*; Islam in Thailand*; Thailand in the Global Era*;
Theravada Buddhism – History**; Scriptures**; Rituals and Practices**; Modenrity**;
Tibet – Introduction of Buddhistm to Tibet**; Buddhism in Tibet Today**; Tibet and the People's Republic of China*;
Tokyo – Religious Corporations**; Catholics From Abroad**; Muslims*;
Torah – Written Torah and Oral Torah**; Torah Between Texts**; Engaging the Torah**;
Torture – Legal History of Torture**; International Prohibitions Against Torture**; Torture in Democracies**;
Transvestites and Transsexuals – Religious Roles**; Religious Rejections**; Changing Relationships*;
United Kingdom – Religion and the United Kingdom: A Brief History**; Migration and Secularization**; The 21st Century**;
United Kingdom – Religion and the United Kingdom – A Brief History – The Century of Expansion**;
United Kingdom – Migration and Secularization – Northern Ireland*;
United Kingdom – The 21st Century – Faith Schools**; Islam*; Religious Freedom**;
United States of America – Major Religious Traditions**; Regional Patterns**; Polarized Religion**; Civil Religion**;
Vajrayana, Tibetan or Tibetan Vajrayana – History**; Philosophy**; Tantra**; Mantra**; Deities**; Ritual Practice**; Distrinctine Features of Tibetan Vajrayana**;
Veda – Śruti and Smrti**; Veda Beyond Texts*; Engaging the Veda*;
Vietnam – The Tam Giáo**; Indigenous Vietnamese Religion**; Buddhism in Vietnam*; Vietnamese Christianity*; Vietnam at the Beginning of the 21st Century*;
Violence – Christianity**; Judaism**; Islam**; Hinduism and Sikhism**; Buddhism**; Studies of Religious Violence**;
Vodou – Origins**; Philosophical Tracts*; Rituals*; Future*;
Women's Roles – Patriarchy in Religion**; Changes in Women's Role**; Variations in Women's Role Within Traditions**;
Women's Roles – Changes in Women's Role – Goddess Religion*; Liberating Founders and Patriarchal Institutions*; The Feminist Movement*;
World Council of Churches – Historical Background**; Achievements Since 1948**; Criticisms of the Council**; Initiatives with the Future in View*;
World Theology – Catholic Theology**; Anglican and Protestant Theology**; Theology in Global Settings**;
Zen Buddhism – History**; Practice**; Zen in the West**;
Zionism – The Forerunners of Zionism**; Herzl, Founder of the Zionist Movement*; Challenges to the Zionist Idea**; Contending Interpretations and Factions**;
Zoroastrianism and Parsis – Theology**; History**; Influence on Other Religions**;
Caribbean religions* – Afro-Caribbean religions; Christianity* – Christianity in Latin America; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808); Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960); Christianity in the Caribbean Region; Christianity in North America; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups;
Divination* – An Overview; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms;
Gender and religion* – An Overview; An Overview – 2005 – New methodologies and scholarship; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Individual monographs and multiauthor volumes; Gender and African American religions;
Healing and medicine* – An Overview; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora;
Islam* – An Overview; An Overview – 1987; An Overview – 1987 – Origin and history; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sufism; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sects; An Overview – 2005; Islam in the Americas; Islam in the Americas – 1987; Islam in the Americas – 2005; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Islam in the United States: Nineteenth and twentieth centuries;
African American religions – An Overview – 2005 – African background: continuity and discontinuity; An Overview – 2005 – Categories: invisibility, opacity, and double-consciousness; An Overview – 2005 – Institutionalization; An Overview – 2005 – Religious diversification in the postemancipation period; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography; Muslim Movements; Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Nation of Islam; History of study – 2005 – W. E. B. Du Bois and the study of African American religion; History of study – 2005 – The Negro church; History of study – 2005 – The Black church; History of study – 2005 – African American religion: a social science perspective; History of study – 2005 – The hidden voices of women: Hurston, Dunham, Deren, and the study of African diasporic religions; History of study – 2005 – Studies in "slave religion"; History of study – 2005 – Expanded studies of black religion and the influence of black theological discourse; History of study – 2005 – Womanist religious thought; History of study – 2005 – Seminal anthologies and documentary histories; History of study – 2005 – New trends and currents in African American religious studies; History of study – 2005 – Bibliography; Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – The Legacy from Africa; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War; An Overview – 1987 – Transition: Post-Reconstruction to World War I; An Overview – 1987 – Afro-Americans in an urban setting; Afro-Brazilian religions – 1987 – Beliefs and organizational structures; 1987 – Places of worship, iconography, and dress; 1987 – Bibliography; 2005 – Origins, commonalities, and distinctions; 2005 – Umbanda; 2005 – Influence of popular culture; 2005 – Bibliography; Afro-Surinamese religions* – 1987/2005 – Coastal Creole Winti; 1987/2005 – Maroon religions; Richard Allen*;
Black theology – 2005 – Origins of black theology; 2005 – Black theology's message; 2005 – Bibliography;
Caribbean religions – Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Neo-African cults; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Neo-African cults – Haitian vodou; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Neo-African cults – Cuban Santería; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Neo-African cults – The Shango cult in Trinidad; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – Convince; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – The Kele cult in Saint Lucia; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – Ancestral cult of the Black Carib of Belize; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults – Revival Zion; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults – Revival Zion; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Religio-political cults; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Religio-political cults – Rastafarianism; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808) – Foundations of the colonial church; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808) – Missions; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808) – Later conflicts and crises; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Identity crisis; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Conflict and growth; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Catholicism; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Protestantism; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – The Church and signs of new life; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – The Church and signs of new life – Catholicism; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – The Church and signs of new life – Protestantism; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – The Early years; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Social structure and Caribbean Christianity; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Social structure and Caribbean Christianity – Roman Catholic Church; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Social structure and Caribbean Christianity – Protestant churches; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Demographics; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of African North Americans; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of European North Americans; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of European North Americans – Revivalism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism – Growth and change in North American Catholicism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Protestantism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Protestantism – American denominationalism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Protestantism – Canadian denominationalism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Eastern Orthodoxy; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Independent religious groups; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Independent religious groups – Sectarian movements; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Independent religious groups – New religious movements; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles – Canadian Christianity; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles – American Christianity; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; Alexander Crummell*;
Divination – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms – Possession divination; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms – Wisdom divination; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Divination in Western religions; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Sacrificial motifs; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Ifa Divination;
Marcus Garvey*; Gender and religion – An Overview – 2005 – What gender does and does not mean; An Overview – 2005 – Gender studies and religion; An Overview – 2005 – Central concepts and concerns; An Overview – 2005 – Significant research themes; An Overview – 2005 – Prominent contemporary debates and new directions; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Historical gender studies in African religious traditions; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Mythic contexts in constructing gender; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Symbolic construction of gender studies in African religious traditions; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Ritual and flexibility in gender construction: the ritual sphere; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Contemporary feminist scholarship and African religious traditions; Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Bibliography;
Healing and medicine – An Overview – 2005 – Myths of the origins of disease; An Overview – 2005 – Proximate causes of illness; An Overview – 2005 – Diagnosis; An Overview – 2005 – Myths of the origins of cure; An Overview – 2005 – Healing techniques; An Overview – 2005 – Healers; An Overview – 2005 – The social body; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Works on specific religious traditions; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Diagnosis and the theory of parallel causalities;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – Origin and history – Early development of the community; An Overview – 1987 – Origin and history – Medieval and later developments; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – The Qur'ān; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sunnah; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Law; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Theology; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sufism – Sūfī doctrine; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sufism – Sūfī orders; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sects – Shī'ī subsects; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Modernism; An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Islam's attitude to other religions; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography – Topical studies; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography; Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Slaves and plantation communities; Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Ottoman immigrants; Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Urban life; Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Postwar demography and developments; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Slaves and plantation communities; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Islam in the Caribbean and South America; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Islam in Canada; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Bibliography;
Absalom Jones*; Jonestown and Peoples Temple – 2005 – Rise and demise; 2005 – Interprative contexts; 2005 – Bibliography;
Kardecism – 1987/2005 – Kardec's life and work; 1987/2005 – Kardecism in Brazil; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Nation of Islam – 2005 – Master Fard and the beginning of a movement; 2005 – Elijah Muhammad's teachings; 2005 – The Nation of Islam transformed; 2005 – Bibliography; Nuwaubians*;
Vodou – 1987/2005 – African influence; 1987/2005 – Roman Catholic influence; 1987/2005 – The Vodou view of person; 1987/2005 – Vodou and the dead; 1987/2005 – Vodou ceremonies; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
African American religions – An Overview – 2005 – Creolization in the Atlantic world; An Overview – 2005 – North America: slave religion; An Overview – 2005 – Modalities: the Holy Spirit, moan, and shout; Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Moorish Science; Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; History of study – 2005 – African American religion and approaches to sacred texts; Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – Emancipation and Reconstruction; An Overview – 1987 – Civil rights and black power; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – The issue of African colonization; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – Abolition and other social causes; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – Religion under slavery; Afro-Brazilian religions – 1987 – Origins and classification of the cults; 2005 – Demographic issues; 2005 – Early research; Afro-Surinamese religions – 1987/2005 – Historical background; 1987/2005 – Slave religion; 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Black theology – 2005 – Womanist theology;
Caribbean religions – Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – Kumina; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – The Kromanti Dance; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – The Big Drum Dance in Grenada and Carriacou; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults – Spiritual Baptists (Shouters) of Trinidad; Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults – The Shakers of Saint Vincent; Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Orthodox churches; Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005 new additions; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Social structure and Caribbean Christianity – Anglican Church; Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans – Spanish missions; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans – French missions; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans – English missions; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans – Canadian and American (U.S.) missions; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of European North Americans – Puritanism; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Evangelicalism and moral crusades; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism – New France; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism – British North Atlantic colonies; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles – Regional Christianity; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles – The larger North American landscape; Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; Alexander Crummell – 2005 – Bibliography;
Divination – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms – Intuitive divination; Ifa Divination – 2005 – Bibliography;
Marcus Garvey – 2005 – Bibliography; Gender and religion – An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Gender as an analytical category; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Reference works; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Other works;
Healing and medicine – An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Overviews; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Healing with leaves; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Heating things up: raising ashe; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Making wanga; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Poisons that heal; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Bibliography;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sects – Later sects; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography – General works; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography – New sources; Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Bibliography; Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Islam in the Americas: Nineteenth and twentieth centuries; Absalom Jones – 2005 – Bibliography;
Political theology – Bibliography – 1987 – European political theology; Bibliography – 1987 – Latin American liberation theology; Bibliography – 1987 – Feminist liberation theology; Bibliography – 1987 – Black political theology; Bibliography – 2005;
Affliction – African cults of affliction; African American religions* – An Overview; African religions* – An overview; Mythic themes; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – Mediators between order and disorder; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – Binary oppositions and interchanges; Modern movements – 1987; Modern movements – 1987 – Indigenous churches; New religious movements; History of study; History of study – 1987; History of study – 2005; History of study – 2005 – Eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; Afro-American religions* – An Overview – 1987; Afterlife* – African Concepts; Akan religion*;
Berber religion*;
Central Bantu religions* – 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits; Christianity* – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – Independent churches; Cosmology* – African cosmologies;
Divination* – An Overview; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms; Dogon religion*; Drama* – African religious drama;
East African religions* – An Overview; Ethiopian religions; Ethiopian religions – 1987; Ethiopian religions – 2005; Northeast Bantu religions;
Gardens* – Gardens in indigenous traditions; Gender and religion* – Gender and African religious traditions; God* – African supreme beings – 2005;
Healing and medicine* – Healing and medicine in Africa; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora;
Iconography* – Traditional African iconography; Interlacustrine Bantu religions*; Islam* – Islam in North Africa; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa;
Shona religion*; Soul*; Southern African religions* – An Overview; Southern Bantu religions; Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – The Ritual complex of circumcision; Study of religion* – The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005; Swazi religion*;
Affliction – African cults of affliction – 1987/2005 – Societies, history, and therapeutics; African cults of affliction – 1987/2005 – Common features and variations; African cults of affliction – 1987/2005 – Settings and samples; African cults of affliction – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; African American religions – An Overview – 2005 – African background: continuity and discontinuity; An Overview – 2005 – Categories: invisibility, opacity, and double-consciousness; An Overview – 2005 – Institutionalization; An Overview – 2005 – Religious diversification in the postemancipation period; An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography; African religions – An overview – 1987/2005 – Historical background; An overview – 1987/2005 – General characteristics; An overview – 1987/2005 – Mythology: Creation, heroes, and tricksters; An overview – 1987/2005 – Mediums, diviners, and prophets; An overview – 1987/2005 – Ritual: Sacrifice and rites of passage; An overview – 1987/2005 – Persons, ancestors, and ethics; An overview – 1987/2005 – Shrines, temples, and religious art; An overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – The personal encounter with God; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – Cosmic egg and primal world: theosophical myths; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – Dogon mythology; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Modern movements – 1987 – Indigenous churches – Prophetic indigenous churches; Modern movements – 1987 – Indigenous churches – Messianic indigenous churches; Modern movements – 1987 – Separatist churches; Modern movements – 1987 – Neotraditional movements; Modern movements – 1987 – The Future of the new African religions; Modern movements – 1987 – Cultural and social contributions of Africa's new religions; Modern movements – 1987 – Bibliography; New religious movements – 2005 – Typologies; New religious movements – 2005 – AICs in Southern Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo; New religious movements – 2005 – AICs in West Africa; New religious movements – 2005 – Political independence and modern movements; New religious movements – 2005 – Contemporary forms of charismatic Christianity; New religious movements – 2005 – Modern Islam-derived movements; New religious movements – 2005 – Asian, African diaspora, and modern secular religions; New religious movements – 2005 – Neotraditionalist movements; New religious movements – 2005 – Bibliography; History of study – 1987 – Missionary reports; History of study – 1987 – Comparative syntheses: the quest for origins; History of study – 1987 – Tribal monographs; History of study – 1987 – Anthologies and new outlooks; History of study – 1987 – New developments; History of study – 2005 – Ancient considerations; History of study – 2005 – Accounts of early missionaries and explorers; History of study – 2005 – Eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries – Evolutionary theory; History of study – 2005 – Eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries – Ethnological view; History of study – 2005 – Post- World War II evaluations; History of study – 2005 – Areas of growth; History of study – 2005 – Bibliography; Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – The Legacy from Africa; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War; An Overview – 1987 – Transition: Post-Reconstruction to World War I; An Overview – 1987 – Afro-Americans in an urban setting; Afterlife – African Concepts – 2005 – Concepts of the human person and implications for life after death; African Concepts – 2005 – Notions of afterlife: clues from the mortuary and funerary rituals; African Concepts – 2005 – The living dead: corporate identity and the destiny of the individual; African Concepts – 2005 – Change, continuity, and contestation: the impact of Christianity and other religions; African Concepts – 2005 – Bibliography; Akan religion – 1987/2005 – Ancestors; 1987/2005 – The deities; Aksumite religion*; Alinesitoue* – 2005 – The Beginnings of a prophet; Amma*;
Bambara religion* – 1987/2005 – The Supreme being and the creation; 1987/2005 – Ancestor worship and the dasiri cult; 1987/2005 – Initiatory societies and spiritual life; Bemba religion*; Berber religion – 1987/2005 – Ancient Berber religion; 1987/2005 – Berber religion in Islamic times;
Central Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Common base; 1987/2005 – Social setting; 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits – Absence of a cult of the creator; 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits – Ancestral spirits and domestic cults; 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits – Territorial cults, heroes, and nature spirits; 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits – Cults of suffering; 1987/2005 – Religious transformation; Christianity – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – Beginnings of Christianity in Africa; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – The Colonial period; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – Traditional churches; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – African theology; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 2005; Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Christianity around Africa; Cosmology – African cosmologies – 2005 – Yoruba cosmology; African cosmologies – 2005 – Yoruba cosmology – Doctrine or ritual?; African cosmologies – 2005 – Maasai cosmology; African cosmologies – 2005 – Kongo cosmology;
Usuman dan Fodio*; Diola religion*; Divination – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms – Possession divination; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Basic forms – Wisdom divination; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Divination in Western religions; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Sacrificial motifs; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Ifa Divination; Dogon religion – 1987/2005 – The Creation myth; 1987/2005 – Cults and social organization; 1987/2005 – Speech and being;
East African religions – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Divinity and myth; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Lesser deities and their relations with the living; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Explanations of and responses to evil and misfortune; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Religious change and prophetic movements; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Northeast Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Edo religion*;
Fiction – African fiction and religion – 2005 – Bibliography; African fiction and religion – 2005 – Bibliography – Primary sources; African fiction and religion – 2005 – Bibliography – Criticism and general studies; Fon and Ewe religion* – 1987/2005 – Fon; Fulbe religion*;
Gender and religion – Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Historical gender studies in African religious traditions; Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Mythic contexts in constructing gender; Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Symbolic constructions of gender studies in African religious traditions; Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Rigidity and flexibility in gender construction: the ritual sphere; Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Contemporary feminist scholarship and African religious traditions; Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Bibliography; God – African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views; African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Relationship to spiritual and human beings and other cosmic entities; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Amma; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Ngewo; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Olódùmarè and Olórun; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Chukwu, or Chineke (Igbo of Eastern Nigeria); African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Nhialic; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Kwoth; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Ngai; African supreme beings – 2005 – Names of notable supreme beings in Africa; African supreme beings – 2005 – Early studies and contemporary appropriation/adoption; African supreme beings – 2005 – Bibliography;
William Wade Harris*; Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Religious background; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Health; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Diviner-diagnosticians; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Herbalists; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Surgery; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing mind and body; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Diagnosis and the theory of parallel causalities; Iconography – Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ancestors and kings: two case studies; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Form and meaning; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Form and meaning – Presence of power; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Form and meaning – Models of response; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ritual activity; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ritual activity – Rites of passage; Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ritual activity – World maintenance rituals;
Igbo religion*; Interlacustrine Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – The Spirit powers; 1987/2005 – Cults (1987); 1987/2005 – Social context; Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion – Berber religiosity; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period – The conquest; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period – Arabization; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period – Islamization; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period – Literary works; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period – The Almoravid movement; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period – The Almohads; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period – The post-Almohad period; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period – Official Islam; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Zawiyahs; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Zawiyahs – The Marabout movement; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – From brotherhood to principality; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Salafīyah; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Salafīyah – Pre-Salafīyah and Salafīyah; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Political Islam; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam in the Sahara and the Sahel; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Mali: the West African pattern of Islamization; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Scholars and rulers: Tombouctou in Songhai; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam in the savanna; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – The Early jihād movements; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Kanem-Bornu and Hausaland to 1800; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Revolution and reform in Hausaland; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – The Progress of Islam in Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam in East Africa and the interlacustrine/central region; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islamic art and architecture; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Popular Islam in Africa; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Women and Islam; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islamic law in Africa; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Mami Wata*; John Maranke* – 1987/2005 – The Apostolic movement on an international scale; 1987/2005 – The Impact of the Apostolic Church in Central and Southern Africa; Masks* – Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures – 1987 – The Mask and its wearer; Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures – 1987 – The Mask and the dead; Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures – 1987 – Masks, women, and secret societies; Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures – 1987 – Bibliography; 2005 – Historical overview; 2005 – Problems of definition; 2005 – The Geography of ritual masks; 2005 – What does the ritual mask represent?; 2005 – The Mask and its wearer; 2005 – The Mask and the dead; 2005 – Masks, women, and secret societies; Mawu-Lisa*; Mbona*; Muhammad Ahmad*; Mulungu*; Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Organization of sacred music; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Impact of religion on musical life; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Introduced religions; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Introduced religions – Islam; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Introduced religions – Christianity;
Politics and religion – Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Social dynamics; Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Colonialization; Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Modernization and Christianity; Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Islam and the state; Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Bibliography; Prophecy – African prophetism – 2005 – East African traditions; African prophetism – 2005 – Xhosa tradition; African prophetism – 2005 – Diola tradition; Pygmy religions – 1987/2005 – Aka pygmies; 1987/2005 – Baka pygmies; 1987/2005 – Mbuti pygmies; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Sango*; Isaiah Shembe*; Shona religion – 1987/2005 – Traditional religion; 1987/2005 – Traditional religion – Spirits of the land; 1987/2005 – Christianity among the Shona; Soul – Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Theoretical elaborations; Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Varieties of the soul; Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Varieties of the soul – Internal soul; Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Varieties of the soul – External soul; Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Origin of the soul; Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Destiny of the soul; Southern African religions – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Concepts of God; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Shades; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Ritual life; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Kinship rituals; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Cults of affliction, spirit possession, and divination; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Witchcraft; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Ritual, order, and the religious experience; An Overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – A Thermodynamic conception of the individual and of the universe; Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – The Python cult; Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Cosmology and sacred kingship; Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Study of religion* – The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – The Emergence of religious studies in sub-Saharan Africa; The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – The Emergence of religious studies in sub-Saharan Africa – Contributions; The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – The Emergence of religious studies in sub-Saharan Africa – Major challenges; The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Institutionalization of the academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa; The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Institutionalization of the academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – Scholarly organizations and publications; The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Bibliography;
Tiv religion*; Tswana religion*;
‘Umar Tāl*; UNkulunkulu*;
West African religions – 1987/2005 – The Living and their ancestors; 1987/2005 – Places of worship; 1987/2005 – Initiation and spiritual life; 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Witchcraft – African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – General characteristics; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – General characteristics – Subjective aspects; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – General characteristics – Overt consequences of belief; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Distinctive features; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Debate over a basic distinction; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Theoretical approaches to African witchcraft; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Witchcraft under modern conditions; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987;
Zulu religion – 1987/2005 – Zulu cosmology and the natural order; 1987/2005 – Ancestors and social life; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Minor articles
1 or 2 paragraphs
African American religions – An Overview – 2005 – Creolization in the Atlantic world; An Overview – 2005 – North America: slave religion; An Overview – 2005 – Modalities: the Holy Spirit, moan, and shout; African religions – An overview – 1987/2005 – Monotheism and polytheism; An overview – 1987/2005 – Divinity and experience; Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – General themes; New religious movements – 2005 – Contemporary forms of charismatic Christianity – Neo-Pentecostalism from abroad; New religious movements – 2005 – Conclusions; History of study – 1987 – Bibliography; Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – The issue of African colonization; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – Abolition and other social causes; An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – Religion under slavery; An Overview – 1987 – Emancipation and Reconstruction; An Overview – 1987 – Civil rights and black power; An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography; Afterlife – African Concepts – 2005 – Afro-theism, cosmogonies, and African notions of afterlife; African Concepts – 2005 – The Living and the dead: the status and role of ancestors; Akan religion – 1987/2005 – High god; 1987/2005 – Christianity and Islam; 1987/2005 – Bibliography; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; Aksumite religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; Alinesitoue – 2005 – Her Legacy; 2005 – Conclusion; 2005 – Bibliography; Amma – 1987 – Bibliography;
Gardens – Gardens in indigenous traditions – 2005 – Bibliography; God – African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Mythologies: creation and existence; African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Names: ancient and descriptive; African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Attributes: being and expression; African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Anthropomorphic descriptions; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Nyame (Onyankopon, Onyame); African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Osanobwa, or Osanobua; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Mulungu (Bantu and Sudanese of East Africa); African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Nzambi; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Ndjambi; African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – UNkulunkulu; African supreme beings – 2005 – Worship;
William Wade Harris – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Social context; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Childbirth; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Protection; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing mind and body – Witchcraft and sorcery; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing mind and body – Ethnopsychiatry; Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Bibliography; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Healing with leaves; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Heating things up: raising ashe; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Making wanga; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Poisons that heal; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Bibliography;
Iconography – Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Igbo religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Interlacustrine Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion – The prehistoric substrate; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion – The Phoenico-Punic influence; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion – Romanization and Christianization; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Zawiyahs – The Ottoman Turks; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – From brotherhood to principality – The Zāwiyah and the naturalist substratum; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Salafīyah – The Critique of the zāwiyahs; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Salafīyah – From Salafīyah to nationalism; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Political Islam – The New dichotomy; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Political Islam – Political temptation; Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – The Sūfī orders and the nineteenth-century jihāds in Western Sudan; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam in South Africa; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Cultural dynamics; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam during the colonial period; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islamization of African languages; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Future of Islam in Africa; Khoi and San religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005;
Alice Lenshina – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Luba religion – 1987/2005 – Luba concepts of body and soul; 1987/2005 – Unity of spiritual and physical worlds; 1987/2005 – Creator god; 1987/2005 – Medicine, witchcraft, sorcery; 1987/2005 – Ritual life; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; Lugbara religion – 1987/2005 – Myth; 1987/2005 – Divination; 1987/2005 – Evil; 1987/2005 – Rainmakers and prophets; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Mami Wata – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; John Maranke – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Mawu-Lisa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Mbona – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005; Muhammad Ahmad – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Mulungu – 1987 – Bibliography; Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Scythians; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Hsiung-nu or Xiong-nu; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Huns; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Türk; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Uighurs; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Southern Siberian religions – 1987/2005 – The Forest peoples; 1987/2005 – Cattle breeding and the vertical conception of the world; 1987/2005 – Bibliography; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987;
Tengri – 1987/2005 – The Sky god; Turkic religions – 1987/2005 – The Common heritage; 1987/2005 – The Popular religion; 1987/2005 – The Imperial religion; 1987/2005 – Bibliography;
Gesar – 2005 – The Epic: historical background and links with Buddhism; 2005 – The Episodes; 2005 – Bards; 2005 – Appropriation of the epic; Geser – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – Ancient views of Inner Asia; 1987/2005 – Early medieval Judaic, Christian, and Islamic views (1987); 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Yüeh-chih or Yuezhi, Wu-sun or Wusun, and Kushans; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Hsien-pei or Xianbei and Juanjuan or Ruanruan; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Avars, Khazars, and Bulgars; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – Central Asia before the Mongol conquest; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – The Rise of Inner Asian powers in Manchuria; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – Chinggis Khan and the Mongol conquest; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – The Mongols in Europe; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – The Golden Horde and the Il-khanids; 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – The Mongols in China; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987; 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 2005;
Affliction – African cults of affliction – 1987/2005 – Societies, history, and therapeutics**; Common features and variations**; Settings and samples**; Bibliography**;
African American religions – An Overview***; Muslim Movements**; History of Study***;
African American religions – An Overview – 2005 – African background: continuity and discontinuity**; Creolization in the Atlantic world*; North America: slave religion*; Categories: invisibility, opacity, and double-consciousness**; Modalities: the Holy Spirit, moan, and shout*; Institutionalization**; Religious diversification in the postemancipation period**; Bibliography**;
African American religions – Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Moorish Science*; Nation of Islam**; Bibliography*;
African American religions – Muslim movements – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
African American religions – History of study – 2005 – W. E. B. Du Bois and the study of African American religion**; The Negro church**; The Black church**; African American religion: a social science perspective**; The hidden voices of women: Hurston, Dunham, Deren, and the study of African diasporic religions**; Studies in "slave religion"**; Expanded studies of black religion and the influence of black theological discourse**; Womanist religious thought**; Seminal anthologies and documentary histories**; African American religion and approaches to sacred texts*; New trends and currents in African American religious studies**; Bibliography**;
African religions – An overview***; Mythic themes***; Modern movements – 1987***; New religious movements***; History of study***;
African religions – An overview – 1987/2005 – Historical background**; General characteristics**; Mythology: Creation, heroes, and tricksters**; Monotheism and polytheism*; Divinity and experience*; Mediums, diviners, and prophets**; Ritual: Sacrifice and rites of passage**; Persons, ancestors, and ethics; Shrines, temples, and religious art**; Bibliography**;
African religions – Mythic themes – 1987/2005 – General themes*; The personal encounter with God**; Mediators between order and disorder***; Binary oppositions and interchanges***; Cosmic egg and primal world: theosophical myths**; Dogon mythology**; Bibliography**;
African religions – Modern movements – 1987 – Indigenous churches***; Separatist churches**; Neotraditional movements**; The Future of the new African religions**; Cultural and social contributions of Africa's new religions**; Bibliography**;
African religions – New religious movements – 2005 – Typologies**; AICs in Southern Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo**; AICs in West Africa**; Political independence and modern movements**; Contemporary forms of charismatic Christianity**; Modern Islam-derived movements**; Asian, African diaspora, and modern secular religions**; Neotraditionalist movements**; Conclusions*; Bibliography**;
African religions – New religious movements – 2005 – Contemporary forms of charismatic Christianity – Neo-Pentecostalism from abroad*;
African religions – History of study – 1987***; 2005***;
African religions – History of study – 1987 – Missionary reports**; Comparative syntheses: the quest for origins**; Tribal monographs**; Anthologies and new outlooks**; New developments**; Bibliography*;
African religions – History of study – 2005 – Ancient considerations**; Accounts of early missionaries and explorers**; Eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries***; Post- World War II evaluations**; Areas of growth**; Bibliography**;
African religions – History of study – 2005 – Eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries – Evolutionary theory**; Ethnological view**;
Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987***;
Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – The Legacy from Africa**; The colonial period to the Civil War**; Emancipation and Reconstruction*; Transition: Post-Reconstruction to World War I**; Afro-Americans in an urban setting**; Civil rights and black power*; Bibliography*;
Afro-American religions – An Overview – 1987 – The colonial period to the Civil War – The issue of African colonization*; Abolition and other social causes*; Religion under slavery*;
Afro-Brazilian religions – 1987***; 2005***;
Afro-Brazilian religions – 1987 – Origins and classification of the cults*, Beliefs and organizational structures**; Places of worship, iconography, and dress**; Bibliography**;
Afro-Brazilian religions – 2005 – Origins, commonalities, and distinctions**; Demographic issues*; Early research*; Candomblé***; Umbanda**; Influence of popular culture**; Bibliography**;
Afterlife – African Concepts – 2005 – Afro-theism, cosmogonies, and African notions of afterlife*; Concepts of the human person and implications for life after death**; Notions of afterlife: clues from the mortuary and funerary rituals**; The living dead: corporate identity and the destiny of the individual**; The Living and the dead: the status and role of ancestors*; Change, continuity, and contestation: the impact of Christianity and other religions**; Bibliography**;
Akan religion – 1987/2005 – High god*; Ancestors**; The deities**; Christianity and Islam*; Bibliography*;
Akan religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Alinesitoue – 2005 – The Beginnings of a prophet**; Her Legacy*; Conclusion*; Bibliography*;
Amma – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Bambara religion – 1987/2005 – The Supreme being and the creation**; Ancestor worship and the dasiri cult**; Initiatory societies and spiritual life**; Bibliography*;
Afterlife – African Concepts – 2005 – Afro-theism, cosmogonies, and African notions of afterlife*; Concepts of the human person and implications for life after death**; Notions of afterlife: clues from the mortuary and funerary rituals**; The living dead: corporate identity and the destiny of the individual**; The Living and the dead: the status and role of ancestors*; Change, continuity, and contestation: the impact of Christianity and other religions**; Bibliography**;
Akan religion – 1987/2005 – High god*; Ancestors**; The deities**; Christianity and Islam*; Bibliography*;
Akan religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Alinesitoue – 2005 – The Beginnings of a prophet**; Her Legacy*; Conclusion*; Bibliography*;
Amma – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Bambara religion – 1987/2005 – The Supreme being and the creation**; Ancestor worship and the dasiri cult**; Initiatory societies and spiritual life**; Bibliography*;
Black theology – 2005 – Origins of black theology**; Black theology's message**; Womanist theology*; Bibliography**;
Buriat religion – 1987/2005 – The Hunter's shamanism*; The Cattle breeder's shamanism**; Marginalized shamanism**; The Adaptation of shamanism*; Bibliography*;
Buriat religion – 1987/2005 – The Cattle breeder's shamanism – The Shaman**; The Sky creators and their founding sons*;
Caribbean religions – Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Neo-African cults – Haitian vodou**; Cuban Santería**; The Shango cult in Trinidad**;
Caribbean religions – Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Ancestral cults – Kumina*; Convince**; The Kromanti Dance*; The Big Drum Dance in Grenada and Carriacou*; The Kele cult in Saint Lucia**; Ancestral cult of the Black Carib of Belize**;
Caribbean religions – Afro-Caribbean religions – 1987/2005 – Revivalist cults – Revival Zion**; Spiritual Baptists (Shouters) of Trinidad*; The Shakers of Saint Vincent*;
Central Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Common base**; Social setting**; Cults and spirits***; Religious transformation**; Bibliography*;
Central Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – Cults and spirits – Absence of a cult of the creator**; Ancestral spirits and domestic cults**; Territorial cults, heroes, and nature spirits**; Professional cults*; Cults of suffering**;
Central Bantu religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Christianity – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa***; Christianity in Latin America***; Christianity in the Caribbean Region***; Christianity in North America***;
Christianity – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987***; 2005**;
Christianity – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987 – Beginnings of Christianity in Africa**; The Colonial period**; Independent churches***; Traditional churches**; African theology**; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Christianity around Africa**; The Rise of Pentecostalism*; Relations with Islam*; Conclusion*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808)***; Church and national states (1808-1960)***; The Church and signs of new life**; Bibliography**;
Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Colonial church (1492-1808) – Foundations of the colonial church**; Missions**; Later conflicts and crises**;
Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Church and national states (1808-1960) – Identity crisis**; Conflict and growth**; Catholicism**; Protestantism**; Orthodox churches*;
Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – The Church and signs of new life – Catholicism**; Protestantism**;
Christianity – Christianity in Latin America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987**; 2005 new additions*;
Christianity – Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – The Early years**; Social structure and Caribbean Christianity**; Demographics**; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Christianity in the Caribbean Region – 1987/2005 – Social structure and Caribbean Christianity – Roman Catholic Church**; Anglican Church*; Protestant churches**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born***; Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups***; National and regional chronicles**; Bibliography**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans**; Conversion of African North Americans**; Conversion of European North Americans**; Evangelicalism and moral crusades*;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of native North Americans – Spanish missions*; French missions*; English missions*; Canadian and American (U.S.) missions*;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Christians made and born – Conversion of European North Americans – Puritanism*; Revivalism**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism**; Protestantism**; Eastern Orthodoxy**; Independent religious groups**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Roman Catholicism – New France*; British North Atlantic colonies*; Growth and change in North American Catholicism**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Protestantism – American denominationalism**; Canadian denominationalism**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Churches, denominations, and independent religious groups – Independent religious groups – Sectarian movements**; New religious movements**;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – National and regional chronicles – Canadian Christianity**; American Christianity**; Regional Christianity*; The larger North American landscape*;
Christianity – Christianity in North America – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987**; 2005*;
Drama – African religious drama – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
East African religions – An Overview***; Ethiopian religions***; Northeast Bantu religions***;
East African religions – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Divinity and myth**; Lesser deities and their relations with the living**; Explanations of and responses to evil and misfortune**; Religious change and prophetic movements**; Bibliography**;
East African religions – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
East African religions – Ethiopian religions – 1987***; 2005***;
Gardens – Gardens in indigenous traditions – 2005 – Bibliography*;
Marcus Garvey – 2005 – Bibliography*;
Gender and religion – An Overview***; Gender and African religious traditions***; Gender and African American religions***;
Gender and religion – An Overview – 2005 – What gender does and does not mean**; Gender studies and religion**; Central concepts and concerns**; New methodologies and scholarship***; Significant research themes**; Prominent contemporary debates and new directions**; Bibliography***;
Gender and religion – An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Gender as an analytical category*; Reference works*; Other works*; Individual monographs and multiauthor volumes***;
Gender and religion – Gender and African religious traditions – 2005 – Historical gender studies in African religious traditions**; Mythic contexts in constructing gender**; Symbolic constructions of gender studies in African religious traditions**; Rigidity and flexibility in gender construction: the ritual sphere**; Contemporary feminist scholarship and African religious traditions**; Bibliography**;
Gender and religion – Gender and African American religions – 2005 – Historical gender studies in African religious traditions**; Mythic contexts in constructing gender**; Symbolic construction of gender studies in African religious traditions**; Ritual and flexibility in gender construction: the ritual sphere**; Contemporary feminist scholarship and African religious traditions**; Bibliography**;
Gesar – 2005 – The Epic: historical background and links with Buddhism*; The Episodes*; Bards*; Appropriation of the epic*; Bibliography**;
Geser – 1987 – Bibliography*;
God – African supreme beings – 2005***;
God – African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views**; Supreme beings in local geographical contexts**; Worship*; Names of notable supreme beings in Africa**; Early studies and contemporary appropriation/adoption**; Bibliography**;
God – African supreme beings – 2005 – Basic common views – Mythologies: creation and existence*; Names: ancient and descriptive*; Attributes: being and expression*; Relationship to spiritual and human beings and other cosmic entities**; Anthropomorphic descriptions*;
God – African supreme beings – 2005 – Supreme beings in local geographical contexts – Amma**; Nyame (Onyankopon, Onyame)*; Ngewo**; Olódùmarè and Olórun**; Osanobwa, or Osanobua*; Chukwu, or Chineke (Igbo of Eastern Nigeria)**; Mulungu (Bantu and Sudanese of East Africa)*; Nzambi*; Nhialic**; Kwoth**; Ndjambi*; Ngai**; UNkulunkulu*;
William Wade Harris – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Healing and medicine – An Overview***; Healing and medicine in Africa***; Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora***;
Healing and medicine – An Overview – 2005 – Myths of the origins of disease**; Proximate causes of illness**; Diagnosis**; Myths of the origins of cure**; Healing techniques**; Healers**; The social body**; Bibliography**;
Healing and medicine – An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography – Overviews*; Works on specific religious traditions**;
Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Religious background**; Health**; Healing**; Healing mind and body**; Bibliography*;
Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing – Diviner-diagnosticians**; Herbalists**; Social context*; Childbirth*; Surgery**; Protection*;
Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in Africa – 2005 – Healing mind and body – Witchcraft and sorcery*; Ethnopsychiatry*;
Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Healing with leaves*; Diagnosis and the theory of parallel causalities**; Heating things up: raising ashe*; Making wanga*; Poisons that heal*; Bibliography*;
Healing and medicine – Healing and medicine in the African Diaspora – 2005 – Healing with leaves*; Diagnosis and the theory of parallel causalities**; Heating things up: raising ashe*; Making wanga*; Poisons that heal*; Bibliography*;
Iconography – Traditional African iconography***;
Iconography – Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ancestors and kings: two case studies**; Form and meaning**; Ritual activity**; Bibliography*;
Iconography – Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Form and meaning – Presence of power**; Models of response**;
Iconography – Traditional African iconography – 1987/2005 – Ritual activity – Rites of passage**; World maintenance rituals**;
Igbo religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – Ancient views of Inner Asia*; Early medieval Judaic, Christian, and Islamic views (1987)*; The History of Inner Asia***; Bibliography**;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Scythians**; Hsiung-nu or Xiong-nu**; Yüeh-chih or Yuezhi, Wu-sun or Wusun, and Kushans*; Huns**; Hsien-pei or Xianbei and Juanjuan or Ruanruan*; Türk**; Avars, Khazars, and Bulgars*; Uighurs**; Mongols**;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – The History of Inner Asia – Mongols – Central Asia before the Mongol conquest*; The Rise of Inner Asian powers in Manchuria*; Chinggis Khan and the Mongol conquest*; The Mongols in Europe*; The Golden Horde and the Il-khanids*; The Mongols in China*;
Inner Asian religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Interlacustrine Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – The Spirit powers**; Cults (1987)**; Social context**; Bibliography*;
Islam – An Overview***; Islam in North Africa***; Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa***; Islam in the Americas***;
Islam – An Overview – 1987***; 2005***;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – Origin and history***; The Systematic content of Islam***; Bibliography**;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – Origin and history – Early development of the community**; Medieval and later developments**;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – The Qur'ān**; Sunnah**; Law**; Theology**; Sufism***; Sects***; Modernism**; Islam's attitude to other religions**;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sufism – Sūfī doctrine**; Sūfī orders**;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – The Systematic content of Islam – Sects – Shī'ī subsects**; Later sects*;
Islam – An Overview – 1987 – Bibliography – General works*; Topical studies**; New sources*;
Islam – An Overview – 2005 – Bibliography**;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion**; The Arab period***; The Berber period***; The Islam of the Zawiyahs**; From brotherhood to principality**; The Islam of the Salafīyah**; Political Islam**; Bibliography*;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Pre-Islamic religion – The prehistoric substrate*; The Phoenico-Punic influence*; Romanization and Christianization*; Berber religiosity**;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Arab period – The conquest**; Arabization**; Islamization**; Literary works**;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Berber period – The Almoravid movement**; The Almohads**; The post-Almohad period**; Official Islam**;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Zawiyahs – The Ottoman Turks*; The Marabout movement**;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – From brotherhood to principality – The Zāwiyah and the naturalist substratum*;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – The Islam of the Salafīyah – Pre-Salafīyah and Salafīyah**; The Critique of the zāwiyahs*; From Salafīyah to nationalism*;
Islam – Islam in North Africa – 1987/2005 – Political Islam – The New dichotomy*; Political temptation*;
Islam – Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Islam in the Sahara and the Sahel**; Mali: the West African pattern of Islamization**; Scholars and rulers: Tombouctou in Songhai**; Islam in the savanna**; The Early jihād movements**; Kanem-Bornu and Hausaland to 1800**; Revolution and reform in Hausaland**; The Sūfī orders and the nineteenth-century jihāds in Western Sudan*; The Progress of Islam in Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa**; Islam in East Africa and the interlacustrine/central region**; Islam in South Africa*; Islamic art and architecture**; Cultural dynamics*; Islam during the colonial period*; Popular Islam in Africa**; Women and Islam**; Islamic law in Africa**; Islamization of African languages*; Future of Islam in Africa*; Bibliography**;
Islam – Islam in the Americas – 1987***; 2005***;
Islam – Islam in the Americas – 1987 – Slaves and plantation communities**; Ottoman immigrants**; Urban life**; Postwar demography and developments**; Bibliography*;
Islam – Islam in the Americas – 2005 – Slaves and plantation communities**; Islam in the Americas: Nineteenth and twentieth centuries*; Islam in the Caribbean and South America**; Islam in Canada**; Islam in the United States: Nineteenth and twentieth centuries***; Bibliography**;
Absalom Jones – 2005 – Bibliography*;
Jonestown and Peoples Temple – 2005 – Rise and demise**; Interprative contexts**; Bibliography**;
Kardecism – 1987/2005 – Kardec's life and work**; Kardecism in Brazil**; Bibliography**;
Khoi and San religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Khoi and San religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Simon Kimbangu – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Simon Kimbangu – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Kingship – Kingship in Sub-Saharan Africa***;
Kingship – Kingship in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Kingship – Kingship in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Kinjikitile – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Kongo religion – 1987/2005 – Kongo religious history**; Kongo beliefs and practices today**; Bibliography*;
Kongo religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Luba religion – 1987/2005 – Luba concepts of body and soul*; Unity of spiritual and physical worlds*; Worlds of the living and the dead**; Creator god*; Medicine, witchcraft, sorcery*; Ritual life*; Bibliography**;
Luba religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Lugbara religion – 1987/2005 – Myth*; Sacrifice to the dead and spirits**; Divination*; Evil*; Rainmakers and prophets*; Bibliography*;
Malcolm X – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Mami Wata – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
John Maranke – 1987/2005 – The Apostolic movement on an international scale**; The Impact of the Apostolic Church in Central and Southern Africa**; Bibliography*;
Masks – Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures***; 2005***;
Masks – Ritual masks in nonliterate cultures – 1987 – The Mask and its wearer**; The Mask and the dead**; Masks, women, and secret societies**; Bibliography**;
Masks – 2005 – Historical overview**; Problems of definition**; The Geography of ritual masks**; What does the ritual mask represent?**; The Mask and its wearer**; The Mask and the dead**; Masks, women, and secret societies**; Bibliography***;
Mawu-Lisa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Mbona – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Mbona – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Mongol religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Mongol religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Muhammad Ahmad – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Mulungu – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa***;
Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Organization of sacred music**; Impact of religion on musical life**; Introduced religions**; Bibliography*;
Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Introduced religions – Islam**; Christianity**;
Music – Music and religion in Sub-Saharan Africa – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Nation of Islam – 2005 – Master Fard and the beginning of a movement**; Elijah Muhammad's teachings**; The Nation of Islam transformed**; Bibliography**;
Nuer and Dinka religion – 1987/2005 – Divinities and spirits**; Priests and sacrifice*; Prophets**; Bibliography*;
Nuwaubians – 2005 – Bibliography*;
Nyakyusa religion – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Nyame – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Olorun – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Ongon – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Ongon – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Political theology – Bibliography**;
Political theology – Bibliography – 1987**; 2005*;
Political theology – Bibliography – 1987 – European political theology*; Latin American liberation theology*; Feminist liberation theology*; Black political theology*; Miscellaneous works**;
Politics and religion – Politics and African religious traditions***;
Politics and religion – Politics and African religious traditions – 2005 – Social dynamics**; Colonialization**; Modernization and Christianity**; Islam and the state**; Bibliography**;
Prophecy – African prophetism – 2005 – Mediums, diviners, and prophets*; East African traditions**; Xhosa tradition**; Diola tradition**; Bibliography*;
Rites of passage – African rites – 2005 – Ndebele birth ritual*; Agikuyu initiation rites*; Marriage in Tswana culture*; Sacred kingship among the Edo*; Limba funeral rituals*; Conclusion*; Bibliography*;
Sango – 1987 – Bibliography*;
Santería – 1987/2005 – Bibliography**;
William Seymour – 2005 – Bibliography*;
Isaiah Shembe – 1987/2005 – Bibliography*;
Shona religion – 1987/2005 – Traditional religion**; Christianity among the Shona**; Bibliography*;
Shona religion – 1987/2005 – Traditional religion – The ancestral cult*; Spirits of the land**; Regional cults*; Peripheral cults*;
Soul – Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Theoretical elaborations**; Varieties of the soul**; Origin of the soul**; Destiny of the soul**; Summary*; Bibliography*;
Soul – Concepts in indigenous religions – 1987/2005 – Varieties of the soul – Internal soul**; External soul**;
Southern African religions – An Overview***; Southern Bantu religions***;
Southern African religions – An Overview – 1987/2005 – Concepts of God**; Shades**; Ritual life**; Kinship rituals**; Cults of affliction, spirit possession, and divination**; Witchcraft**; Ritual, order, and the religious experience**; Bibliography**;
Southern African religions – Southern Bantu religions – 1987/2005 – A Thermodynamic conception of the individual and of the universe**; The Python cult**; Cosmology and sacred kingship**; The Ritual complex of circumcision***; Bibliography**;
Southern Siberian religions – 1987/2005 – The Forest peoples**; Hunting, alliance, and the horizontal conception of the world***; Cattle breeding and the vertical conception of the world**; Bibliography**;
Study of religion – The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – The Emergence of religious studies in sub-Saharan Africa**; Institutionalization of the academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa**; Bibliography**;
Study of religion – The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – The Emergence of religious studies in sub-Saharan Africa – Contributions**; Major challenges**;
Study of religion – The academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – 2005 – Institutionalization of the academic study of religion in sub-Saharan Africa – Scholarly organizations and publications**; Contextualization*;
Vodou – 1987/2005 – African influence**; Roman Catholic influence**; Vodou spirits*; The Vodou view of person**; Vodou and the dead**; Vodou ceremonies**; Vodou and magic*; Vodou in the Haitian diaspora*; Bibliography**;
West African religions – 1987/2005 – The Creator and creation***; The Living and their ancestors**; Places of worship**; Initiation and spiritual life**; Bibliography**;
West African religions – 1987/2005 – Bibliography – 1987*; 2005*;
Witchcraft – African witchcraft***;
Witchcraft – African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – General characteristics**; Distinctive features**; Debate over a basic distinction**; Theoretical approaches to African witchcraft**; Witchcraft under modern conditions**; Bibliography**;
Witchcraft – African witchcraft – 1987/2005 – General characteristics – Subjective aspects**; Overt consequences of belief**;
Zulu religion – 1987/2005 – Zulu cosmology and the natural order**; Ancestors and social life**; Spirit possession*; Traditional belief and Zulu Christianity*; Bibliography**;
Black Hills, South Dakota/Wyoming – Bear Butte, South Dakota;
Catacombs, Rome – Santa Domitilla; San Callisto; St. Sebastian; St. Laurence; St. Pancras; Catacomb of Priscilla; Chaco, New Mexico – Fajada Butte, New Mexico; Pueblo Bonito, New Mexico; Casa Riconada, New Mexico; Coptic Cairo, Egypt – Sitt Mariam; Convent of St. George; Abu Serga; Sitt Barbara;
Gargano Massif, Italy – San Giovanni Rotunda;
Hajj, Saudi Arabia - ’Umrah; Hearth of Buddhism, India/Nepal – Kushinagar, India; Hebron, Palestinian Authority – Ibrahim Mosque; Cave of the Patriarchs; Holocaust sites – Bergen-Belsen, Germany; Chelmno, Poland; Jasenovac, Croatia; Kraków, Poland; Majdenek, Poland; Mauthausen, Austria; Paneriai, Lithuania; Ravensbrück, Germany; Sachsenhausen, Germany; Sobibór, Poland; Theresienstadt, Czech Republic; Treblinka, Poland; Warsaw, Poland; Yad Vashem, Poland;
Istanbul Mosques – Blue Mosque; Fatih Mosque; Süleymaniye; Yeni Mosque;
Jerusalem, Christian sites – Church of the Holy Sepulchre; Mount of Olives; Dominus Flevit; Mount Zion; Via Dolorosa; Pool of Bethesda; Jerusalem, Islamic sites – Mount Zion; Dome of the Rock; Dome of the Chain; al-Aqsa mosque; Jerusalem, Jewish sites – Mount Moriah; Mount of Olives; Common Grave; Jewish Graveyard; Tombs of the Prophets; Yad Vashem; Avenue of the Righteous; Garden of the Children of the Holocaust; Memorial to the Destroyed Communities;
Kumbh Mela sites, India – Allahbad]; Nasik; Ujjain; Hardwar; Kyoto, Japan – Enryakuji Monastery; Ryoanji Temple; Ginkakuji Temple; Path of Philosophy; Kinkakuji Temple;
Marian Apparitions – Akita, Japan; Banneux, Belgium; Knock, Ireland; La Sallette, France; Miraculous Medal Shrine, Paris; Pontmain, France; Zeitoun, Egypt; Lourdes, France; Medicine wheels – Majorville Cairn and Medicine Wheel site, Alberta; Bighorn Medicine Wheel, Wyoming; Moose Mountain Medicine Wheel, Saskatchewan; Wanuskewin, Saskatchewan; Sedona, Arizona; Meteora Monasteries, Greece – Great Meteoron; Agia Trias; Varlaam; Agios Nikolaos; Agios Stefanos; Agia Barbara; Mound-builders, United States – Effigy Mounds, Iowa; Lizard Mound, Wisconsin; Mound City, Ohio; Newark Earthworks, Ohio; Serpent Mound, Ohio; Mountains, Sacred or Sacred Mountains – Mount Olympus, Greece; Mount Kilimanjaro, Kenya; Mount Zion, Israel; Mount Carmel, Israel; St. Catherines, Greece;
Nara, Japan – Horyu-ji Temple; Kasuga Taisha Shrine; Todai-ji Shrine; Native American Sacred Places – Onagazi; Devil's Tower, Wyoming; Canyon de Chelly, Arizona; Mesa Verde, Colorado; Nikko, Japan – Shinkyo; Rinno-ji Temple; Futara-san Shrine;
Orissa Triangle, India – Bhubaneswar; Lingaraj Temple; Bindu Sarovar; Konarak; Sun Temple; Puri; Jagganath Temple;
Rome, Italy – Coliseum; St. John Lateran; St. Peter's; St. Mary Major; St. Paul's-Outside-the-Walls; Scala Santa; Salus Populi Romani; Santa Costanza; San Clemente; Santa Maria della Vittoria; St. Theresa in Ecstasy; Church of the Gesù; St. Lawrence; Holy Cross in Jerusalem; St. Sebastian; Santa Sabina;
Sabbathday Lake, Maine; Sainte-Anne de Beaupre, Canada; Saint Anthony of Padua, Italy; Saint Januarius, Italy; Saint Joseph's Oratory, Canada; Slave depots – Bagamoyo, Tanzania; Bunce Island, Sierra Leone; Cape Coast Castle, Ghana; Christianborg, Accra, Ghana; St. George's Castle, Elmina, Ghana; Zanzibar Island, Tanzania;
Tokyo, Japan – Hie Jinja Shrine; Kanda Myojin Shrine; Meiji Jingu Shrine; Senkgakuji Temple; Senso-ji Temple; Yasukuni Shrine;
Istanbul Mosques – Blue Mosque*; Fatih Mosque*; Süleymaniye*; Yeni Mosque*;
Jerusalem, Christian sites – Church of the Holy Sepulchre*; Mount of Olives*; Dominus Flevit*; Mount Zion*; Via Dolorosa*; Pool of Bethesda*;
Jerusalem, Islamic sites – Mount Zion*; Dome of the Rock*; Dome of the Chain*; al-Aqsa mosque*;
Jerusalem, Jewish sites – Mount Moriah*; Western Wall**; Mount of Olives*; Common Grave*; Jewish Graveyard*; Tombs of the Prophets*; Yad Vashem*; Avenue of the Righteous*; Garden of the Children of the Holocaust*; Memorial to the Destroyed Communities*;
Kumbh Mela sites, India – Allahbad*; Nasik*; Ujjain*; Hardwar*;
Kyoto, Japan – Enryakuji Monastery*; Ryoanji Temple*; Ginkakuji Temple*; Path of Philosophy*; Kinkakuji Temple*;
Mound-builders, United States – Effigy Mounds, Iowa*; Lizard Mound, Wisconsin*; Mound City, Ohio*; Newark Earthworks, Ohio*; Serpent Mound, Ohio*;
Mountains, Sacred or Sacred Mountains – Mount Olympus, Greece*; Mount Kilimanjaro, Kenya*; Mount Zion, Israel*; Mount Carmel, Israel*; St. Catherines, Greece*;
Nara, Japan – Horyu-ji Temple*; Kasuga Taisha Shrine*; Todai-ji Shrine*;
Native American Sacred Places – Onagazi*; Devil's Tower, Wyoming*; Canyon de Chelly, Arizona*; Mesa Verde, Colorado*;
Nikko, Japan – Shinkyo*; Rinno-ji Temple*; Toshu-gu Shrine**; Futara-san Shrine*;
Orissa Triangle, India – Bhubaneswar*; Lingaraj Temple*; Bindu Sarovar*; Konarak*; Sun Temple*; Puri*; Jagganath Temple*;
Rome, Italy – Coliseum*; St. John Lateran*; St. Peter's*; St. Mary Major*; St. Paul's-Outside-the-Walls*; Scala Santa*; Salus Populi Romani*; Santa Costanza*; San Clemente*; Santa Maria della Vittoria*; St. Theresa in Ecstasy*; Church of the Gesù*; St. Lawrence*; Holy Cross in Jerusalem*; St. Sebastian*; Santa Sabina*;
Slave depots – Bagamoyo, Tanzania*; Bunce Island, Sierra Leone*; Cape Coast Castle, Ghana*; Christianborg, Accra, Ghana*; St. George's Castle, Elmina, Ghana*; Zanzibar Island, Tanzania*;
Tokyo, Japan – Hie Jinja Shrine*; Kanda Myojin Shrine*; Meiji Jingu Shrine*; Senkgakuji Temple*; Senso-ji Temple*; Yasukuni Shrine*;
Iceland; India*, Contemporary Religion in; Asian Religions or Asian Religions in Contemporary India or Contemporary Asian Religion in India* – Buddhism; Sikhism; India, Contemporary Religion in: Middle Eastern Religions or Middle Eastern Religions in Contemporary India or Contemporary Middle Eastern Religion in India* – Islam; India, Hinduism in: Ancient Vedic Expression or Hinduism in India: Ancient Vedic Expressions or Ancient Vedic Hinduism in India* – Vedic Period; India, Hinduism in: Classical Period or Hinduism in India: Classical Period or Classical Period Hinduism in India; India, Hinduism in: Medieval Period or Hinduism in India: Medieval Period or Medieval Period Hinduism in India; India, Hinduism in: Modern Period or Hinduism in India: Modern Period or Modern Period Hinduism in India* – Living Hinduism in Practice; India in Western Religious Imagination; Indonesia*; Indonesia, Buddhism in or Buddhism in Indonesia; Indonesia, Hinduism in or Hinduism in Indonesia; International Society for Krishna Counsciousness; Internet and Religion; Iran*; Iraq; Ireland; Islam* – Muhammad the Prophet; Muhammad the Prophet – Historical Accuracy and Muhammad; The Progress of the Faith; Islamism; Israel; Italy;
Vedanta Societies; Venezuela – The Protestant Movement; Other Christian Traditions; Other Christian Traditions – Additional Christian Groups; Additional Religious Traditions; Additional Religious Traditions – Western Esoteric-Occult Orders; Violence, Religious or Religious Violence – Recent Explanations of Religious Violence; The Causes of Religious Violence; Vipassana International Academy; Virasaivism; Vishwa Hindu Parishad; Vlad Tepes; Vodou; VRINDA or Vrindavan Institute for Viasnava Culture and Studies;
Abraham or Abram – Abraham in Christianity; African Brotherhood Church or ABC; African Protestant Church; Anglican Diocese in Angola; Association of Baptist Churches in Rwanda;
Belize – Other Christian Groups; Birth – The Origins of the Child; Brazil, Japanese Religions in or Japanese Religions in Brazil – The Dekasegi Phenomenon's Impact on the Religious Field; Buddhism – Spread and Local Development – Burma/Myanmar; Spread and Local Development – Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos – Thailand; Spread and Local Development – Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos – Cambodia; Spread and Local Development – Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos – Laos; Spread and Local Development – Republic of China (Taiwan);
El Salvador – Other Christian Groups; Energy – Indian Concepts of Energy; Energy in China; Energy in Japan; Energy in African Traditions; Ennôkyô; Evangelical Church of the Disciples of Christ in Argentina; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ghana; Evangelicalism – The 18th Century;
Free Pentecostal Missions Church of Chile; Fundamentalism – Trends since 1970;
Gurdjieff Foundations – Music; Study of Ideas; Practical Work;
Hinduism - Main Historical Epochs – The Harappa Culture; Main Historical Epochs – Epoch of Postclassical Hinduism and Islamic Rule; Holy Week – Palm Sunday; Holy Thursday or Maundy Thursday; Hui Si; Hui Yuan;
Islam – Major Themes of the Koran – Biblical Material; Major Themes of the Koran – Jesus;
Laozi; Liturgical Year – Advent: First Sunday of Advent through December 24; Christmas: December 25 through to Epiphany; Ordinary Time after the Baptism: Monday after the Epiphany through Lent; Lent: Ash Wednesday through Holy Saturday; Ordinary Time after Pentecost: The Day after Pentecost through the Final Day before Advent;
Mahasthamaprapta's Birthday; Mary, Blessed Virgin or Blessed Virgin Mary – Mary in Islam; Medicine Buddha's Birthday; Meditation – Meditation in Contemporary Life; Methodist Church of Puerto Rico; Methodist Pentecostal Church of Chile; Midway Island;
New Years' Day – Baha'i New Year's Day; Indian New Year's Day; Sikh New Year's Day; Other Religions; Nicaragua - Other Christian Groups;
Pacific Council of Churches; Paraguay – Additional Groups; Passover – Jewish Christians; Pesach – Passover and Christianity; Pilgrimage – Ubiquity and the Secular; Buildings and Landscape; Replication and Localization; Presbyterian Church of Africa; Protestant Christian Church – Angola; Protestant Church of Senegal;
St. Pierre et Miquelon; Saints – History; Spirit Possession – Healing Practices Connected with Spirit Possession; Channeling and Mediumship; Anyakayapravesha; Statues: Buddhist – Buddhist Mega Statuary; Other Mega Statues; Suriname – Judaism; Buddhism;
Venezuela – Other Christian Traditions – Eastern Orthodox and Indigenous Western Catholic; Additional Religious Traditions – Buddhism; Additional Religious Traditions – Hinduism; Additional Religious Traditions – Sant Mat; Additional Religious Traditions – Islam; Additional Religious Traditions – Baha'i Faith; Additional Religious Traditions – Judaism; Additional Religious Traditions – Animists – Native Americans or Amerindians; Additional Religious Traditions – Animists – Latin American Popular Religiosity (influenced by Roman Catholicism); Additional Religious Traditions – Psychic-Spiritualist-New Age Traditions;
Women, Status and Role of or Status and Role of Women – Judaism; Western Esotericism; Women's Spirituality;
Union of Messianic Congregations; United Board for World Ministries; United Evangelical Church – Anglican Communion of Angola; United Evangelical Mission; United Society for the Propogation of the Gospel;
Abraham or Abram – Abraham in the Book of Genesis**; Abraham in Islam**; Abraham in Christianity*;
African Initiated Churches or African Independent Churches – Types and Terms***;
African Initiated Churches or African Independent Churches – Types and Terms – African/Ethiopian Churches**; Spirit/Prophet-Healing Churches**; Pentecostal/Charismatic Churches**;
African Traditional Religions – Theism: God and Lesser Divinities***; Dynamism: Power and Power Specialists***; Spirituality: Ancestors and the Spirit World**;
Ancestors – Christian Responses to Ancestors**;
Athens – The Pagan Era**; The Christian Era**; The Muslim Era**; Independence**;
Baha’i Faith – Historical Background***; Beliefs and Practices***;
Bahamas – Overview of Religious Development***;
Barbados – Other Religions**;
Belize – The Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christian Groups*; Other Religious Groups**;
Birth – The Origins of the Child*; Pregnancy and Birth Rituals**; Purity and Pollution of the Mother**; Welcoming the Baby**;
Brazil, Japanese Religions in or Japanese Religions in Brazil – Prewar Diversity of Religious Practices**; The Situation after World War II**; Transnationalization of Japanese Religions in Latin America and Beyond**; The Dekasegi Phenomenon's Impact on the Religious Field*;
Buddhism – The Primary Buddhist Traditions**; Spread and Local Development***; Buddhism in the West***;
Buddhism – Spread and Local Development – Burma/Myanmar*; Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos**; China**; Republic of China (Taiwan)*; Vietnam**; Korea**; Japan**; Tibet**;
Buddhism – Spread and Local Development – Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos – Thailand*; Cambodia*; Laos*;
Buddhism – Buddhism in the West – Europe**; North America**; Australia**; South Africa**;
Calendars, Religious or Religious Calendars – Alternate Religious Calendars***;
Calendars, Religious or Religious Calendars – Alternate Religious Calendars – The Hebrew Calendar**; The Calendar of Islam**; Chinese Calendar**; Indian Calendars**; The Nanakshahi Calendar of the Sikhs**; Baha’i Calendar**; Zoroastrian Calendar*;
Chile – Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christians**; Additional Groups**;
China – Hong Kong***; Macao**; Taiwan***; Tibet***;
China – Tibet – Tibetan Buddhism: History and Practice**;
Chinese Religions – The Earliest Dynasties: Divination, Sacrifice, and Ancestor Worship**; The Early Confucian Tradition**; Chinese Cosmology – Yin and Yang and the Five Agents**; Buddhism in China**; Literati and Neo-Confucianism as Religion**; Popular Religion*; Religion and Rebellion (Sectarianism)**; Religion in the PRC Today**;
Christianity – Doctrinal Development**; The Church of the Middle Ages**; The Second Millenium of Christianity**; The Drive for Reform**; The Protestant Reformation**; The Age of Exploration**; Protestant Expansion**; The 20th Century**; The Future of Christianity**;.
Colombia – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christians**; Additional Religious Groups**;
Costa Rica – Protestantism***; Additional Religious Groups**;
Creationism – The Development of Creationist Theology*; Old Earth and Gap Theories*; “New Earth” and Flood Theories**; Strategies and Court Cases**; Creationism in Other Religions*;
Cuba – The Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christian Groups**; Additional Religious Groups**;
Daoism – History of Daoism***; Daoism Today**; Daoist Practices**;
Death – Communication with the Dead: Visions, Dreams, Mediumship, Necromancy, Incubation**; The Rise of Religious Beliefs That Mitigate the Destructive Power of Death**; Death and the Divine Promise of Bodily Resurrection in Islam and Christianity***; Reflection on the Ars Moriendi in Modernity**;
Ecuador – Current Religious Situation**; Historical Overview of Social, Political and Religious Development***; The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement**; Other Christian Groups**; Additional Religious Groups**;
El Salvador – History of El Salvador**; The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christian Groups*; Additional Religious Groups**;
Energy – Indian Concepts of Energy*; Energy in China*; Energy in Japan*; Energy in African Traditions*; Energy in Western Culture**; Some Contemporary Religious Views of Energy**;
Enlightenment – Buddhism**; Hinduism**; Tantra**;
Evangelicalism – The 18th Century*; The 19th Century**; The Early 20th Century**; The Emergence of Neo-Evangelicalism**; Current Situation**;
Flagellation – Flagellation in Antiquity**; Flagellation and Self-Flagellation in Roman Catholic Christianity**; Self-Flagellation in Shia Islam**;
Fundamentalism – The Fundamentals**; Developments after the Great War**; Trends since 1970*;
Guatemala – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Religions**;
Gurdjieff Foundations – Small Group Meetings**; Movements and Dances**; Music*; Study of Ideas*; Practical Work*; Activities with Children and Young People**;
Hinduism - “Hinduism,” A Problematic Term**; Main Historical Epochs***;
Hinduism – Main Historical Epochs – The Harappa Culture*; Epoch of the Veda or Brahmanism**; Epoch of the Epics or Classical Hinduism***; Epoch of Postclassical Hinduism and Islamic Rule*; Epoch of Neo-Hinduism, British Rule, and Independence**; Principal Concepts and Practice***;
Holy Week – Palm Sunday*; Holy Thursday or Maundy Thursday*; Good Friday**;
Honduras – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Religions**;
India, Contemporary Religion in; Asian Religions or Asian Religions in Contemporary India or Contemporary Asian Religion in India – Buddhism***; Jainism**; Sikhism***;
India, Contemporary Religion in: Middle Eastern Religions or Middle Eastern Religions in Contemporary India or Contemporary Middle Eastern Religion in India – Christianity**; Islam***; Judaism**; Other Religious Communities**;
India, Hinduism in: Ancient Vedic Expression or Hinduism in India: Ancient Vedic Expressions or Ancient Vedic Hinduism in India – Prehistoric Period**; Vedic Period***;
India, Hinduism in: Modern Period or Hinduism in India: Modern Period or Modern Period Hinduism in India – Living Hinduism in Practice***;
Indonesia – The Coming of Islam**; The Dutch Era**; Modern Indonesia**;
Islam – Muhammad the Prophet***; The Origin of the Koran**; Major Themes of the Koran**; The Five Pillars of Islam**; Jihad, Islam, and Terrorism**; The Branches of Islam**; The Progress of the Faith***;
Islam – Muhammad the Prophet – Historical Accuracy and Muhammad***;
Islam – Major Themes of the Koran – Allah**; Muhammad**; Biblical Material*; Jesus*; True Believers**; Heaven, Hell, and Judgment Day**;
Jainism – Jain Beliefs**; Divisions within the Jain Community***; Contemporary Jain Communities**;
Judaism – Ancient Origins***; The Greek and Roman Eras**; Judaism in the Diaspora**; Development of the Modern Jewish Community**; Zion, Holocaust, Israel**;
Korean Buddhism – Three Kingdoms Buddhism (ca. late fourth century-668 CE)**; Unified Silla Buddhism (668-935)**; Koryo Buddhism (918-1392)**; Buddhism under the Choson (1392-1910) and the Modern Era**;
Liturgical Year – Advent: First Sunday of Advent through December 24*; Christmas: December 25 through to Epiphany*; Epiphany**; Ordinary Time after the Baptism: Monday after the Epiphany through Lent*; Lent: Ash Wednesday through Holy Saturday*; Easter: Easter Vigil through Pentecost**; Ordinary Time after Pentecost: The Day after Pentecost through the Final Day before Advent*;
Martyrdom – Judaism**; Christianity**; Islam**;
Mary, Blessed Virgin or Blessed Virgin Mary – Doctrinal Development**; Mary in Islam*;
Meditation – Meditation in the Major Religious Traditions and in Contemporary Life**; Types of Meditation Practice**; Meditation in Contemporary Life*;
Mexico – The Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement**; The Current Situation***; Eastern Orthodox and Independent Catholic Jurisdictions**; Other Christian Churches**; Other Religions**;
Modernity – Modern Religious Trends**;
Monasticism – Buddhist Monasticism**; Jaina Monasticism**; Christian Monasticism***;
Nara, Six Buddhist Schools of or Six Buddhist Schools of Nara – The Kusha School**; The Jujitsu School**; The Sanron School**; The Hosso School**; The Kegon School**; Ritsu School**;
Native American Religion: Roman Catholicism – Enculturation**; Theology and Ritual**; Kateri Tekakwitha**;
New Years' Day – Chinese New Year's Day**; Islamic New Year's Day**; Baha'i New Year's Day*; Indian New Year's Day*; Sikh New Year's Day*; Other Religions*;
Nicaragua – Spanish Colonial Period and Development of the Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement**; Other Christian Groups*; Additional Religious Groups**;
Occupied Territories – Muslims**; Jews**; Christians*; Religious Freedom*;
Paraguay – Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement**; Additional Groups*; Non-Christian Religions**;
Passover – Toward a Christian Passover**; Jewish Christians*;
Peru – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christian Groups**; Addiotional Religious Groups**;
Pesach – Passover and Christianity*;
Pilgrimage – Ubiquity and the Secular*; Symbolism and Sacred Traces**; Buildings and Landscape*; Replication and Localization*; Tourism, Travel, and Modernity**;
Puerto Rico – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement***; Other Religions***;
Relics – Buddhist Relics***; Christian Relics***; Relics in Islam**; Relics and Unbelief*;
Roman Catholic Church – Theological Emphases**; The Church, Ministry, and Magisterium***; Theological Anthropology, Nature, and Grace**; Saints and Mary**; Sacraments**; The Kingdom of God and Eschatology**;
Russia – Religion in Pre-Soviet Russia (before 1917)***; Religion in the Soviet Union (1917-1991)**; Religion in Post-Soviet Russia***;
Russia, Protestantism in or Protestantism in Russia – Russian Sectarianism**; Western Protestantism in Russia**; Protestant Missionaries and New Russian Protestant Groups before 1917**; Protestantism under the Soviet Regime (1917-1991)**; Protestantism in Post-Soviet Russia**;
Saints – History*; Canonization in the Roman Catholic Tradition**; Miracles**;
Secularization – Theories and Responses to Secularization**;
Soka Gakkai International – Belief and Practice**; The Schism of 1991**;
Spain – Religion in the History of Spain: 1st-15th centuries**; Religion in the History of Spain: 15th-20th Centuries***; From the Second Repuglic to General Franco's Regime**; Present-day Situation: Religion in Spanish Society**; The Legal Framework of Religion in Spain**;
Spirit Possession – Prophetic Possession**; Healing Practices Connected with Spirit Possession*; Channeling and Mediumship*; Demonic Possession**; Anyakayapravesha*;
Statues: Buddhist – Buddhist Mega Statuary*; Standing Buddhas**; Seated Buddhas**; Reclining Buddhas**; Other Mega Statues*; The Maitreya Project**;
Statues: Christian – Christian Mega Statues**;
Sukkot – Christian Appropriation**;
Suriname – Christianity**; Islam**; Hinduism**; Judaism*; Buddhism*; Other Religious Groups**;
Temples: Buddhist – Early Places of Worship**; Temple Development in East Asia**; Theravada Temples*; Mahayana Temples**; Vajrayana Temples**; Temples Today**;
Thomas Aquinas – Thomas's Thought**; Thomas in Context**; Thomas Aquinas Today**;
Unbelief – Atheism***; The Issue of Marxism**; Modern Western Unbelief**; Pseudoscience**; Agnosticism**;
Uruguay – Roman Catholic Church**; The Protestant Movement***; Other Christian Groups**; Additional Religious Groups**;
Venezuela – The Roman Catholic Church***; The Protestant Movement**; Other Christian Traditions**; Additional Religious Traditions**;
Venezuela – Other Christian Traditions – Eastern Orthodox and Indigenous Western Catholic*; Additional Christian Groups**;
Venezuela – Additional Religious Traditions – Buddhism*; Hinduism*; Sant Mat*; Islam*; Baha'i Faith*; Judaism*; Animists – Native Americans or Amerindians*; Animists – Latin American Popular Religiosity (influenced by Roman Catholicism)*; Western Esoteric-Occult Orders**; Psychic-Spiritualist-New Age Traditions*;
Violence, Religious or Religious Violence – Recent Explanations of Religious Violence**; The Causes of Religious Violence**;
Women, Status and Role of or Status and Role of Women – Hinduism**; Buddhism**; Judaism*; Christianity**; Islam**; Western Esotericism*; Women's Spirituality*;
Yoga – History of Yoga***; The Yogi Tradition**;
Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices[edit]
Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices, ed. Timothy Riggs, Thomson-Gale, 2006, ISBN0-7876-9390-1.
Afghanistan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; African traditional religions – Overview; History; Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Sacred books; Early and modern leaders; Houses of worship and holy places; What Is Sacred; Holidays/Festivals; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Membership; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Albania – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Algeria – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Andorra – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Angola – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Other religions; Antigua and Barbuda – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Anglicanism; Anglicanism – History; Other religions; Argentina – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Armenia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Armenian Apostolic Church – History; Armenian Apostolic Church – Rituals; Australia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Austria – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Azerbaijan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Rituals; Other religions;
Baháʼí Faith – Overview; Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; Holidays and festivals; Rituals; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; The Bahamas – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Baptist churches – History; Other religions; Bahrain – Country overview; Islam – History; Bangladesh – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Barbados – Country overview; Anglican church – History; Belarus – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Belarusian Orthodox Church – History; Other religions; Belgium – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Other religions; Belize – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Protestantism – History; Other religions; Benin – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Vodun – History; Vodun – Early and modern leaders; Vodun – Rituals; Other religions; Bhutan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Tibetan Buddhism – History; Tibetan Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Tibetan Buddhism – Dietary practices; Tibetan Buddhism – Social justice; Tibetan Buddhism – Political impact; Tibetan Buddhism – Controversial issues; Other religions; Bolivia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Bosnia and Herzegovina – Country overview; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Other religions; Botswana – Country overview; African indigenous religions – Rituals; Brazil – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Brunei – Country overview; Other religions; Buddhism – Overview; Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Sacred books; Early and modern leaders; Holidays and festivals; Rituals; Membership; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Mahayana Buddhism – Overview; Mahayana Buddhism – History; Mahayana Buddhism – Central doctrines; Mahayana Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Mahayana Buddhism – Rituals; Theravada Buddhism – History; Theravada Buddhism – Moral code of conduct; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Theravada Buddhism – Bibliography; Tibetan Buddhism – History; Bulgaria – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Orthodox Christianity – History; Orthodox Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Burkina Faso – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Traditional beliefs – History; Traditional beliefs – Rituals; Other religions; Burundi – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions;
Cambodia – Theravada Buddhism – History; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Other religions; Cameroon – Country overview; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; Canada – Country overview; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other Christian denominations – History; Other Christian denominations – Early and modern leaders; Other Christian denominations – Rites of passage; Other Christian denominations – Membership; Other religions; Cape Verde – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Central African Republic – African indigenous beliefs – History; Other religions; Chad – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Christianity; Christianity – History; Chile – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; China – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Chinese popular religions – History; Chinese popular religions – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – History; Buddhism – Mode of dress; Buddhism – Rituals; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – Rituals; Bibliography; Christianity – Overview; Sacred books; Sacred symbols; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Glossary; African Initiated Churches; Christianity and feminism; Bibliography; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – History; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Central doctrines; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Bibliography; Baptist tradition – Overview; Baptist tradition – History; Baptist tradition – Central doctrines; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – History; Coptic Christianity – Overview; Coptic Christianity – History; Coptic Christianity – Sacred books; Coptic Christianity – Rituals; Eastern Christianity – History; Eastern Orthodoxy – Overview; Eastern Orthodoxy – History; Eastern Orthodoxy – Central doctrines; Eastern Orthodoxy – Early and modern leaders; Eastern Orthodoxy – Houses of worship and holy places; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rites of passage; Jehovah's Witnesses – History; Jehovah's Witnesses – Central doctrines; Jehovah's Witnesses – Moral code of conduct; Lutheranism – Overview; Lutheranism – History; Lutheranism – Central doctrines; Lutheranism – Early and modern leaders; Methodism – History; Methodism – Central doctrines; Pentecostalism – Overview; Pentecostalism – History; Pentecostalism – Central doctrines; Protestantism – History; Protestantism – Central doctrines; Protestantism – Moral code of conduct; Protestantism – Early and modern leaders; Reformed Christianity – History; Reformed Christianity – Central doctrines; Reformed Christianity – Moral code of conduct; Reformed Christianity – Rituals; Reformed Christianity – Cultural impact; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Overview; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – History; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Central doctrines; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Moral code of conduct; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Seventh-day Adventists – History; Seventh-day Adventists – Central doctrines; Unitarianism and Universalism – History; Unitarianism and Universalism – Central doctrines; Unitarianism and Universalism – Moral code of conduct; Unitarianism and Universalism – Rituals; United Church of Christ – History; United Church of Christ – Controversial issues; Colombia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Confucianism – Overview; Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Sacred symbols; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Social justice; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Confucian civil religion; Bibliography; Costa Rica – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Côte d'Ivoire – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Other religions; Croatia – Country overview; Other religions; Cuba – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Cyprus – Eastern Orthodoxy – History; Other religions; Czech Republic – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Other religions;
East Timor – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Ecuador – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Egypt – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – What is sacred?; Other religions; El Salvador – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Other religions; Equatorial Guinea – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Eritrea – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Orthodox Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Orthodox Christianity – Rites of passage; Orthodox Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Estonia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Other religions; Ethiopia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – History; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Islam – History; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Other religions;
Fiji – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Finland – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Lutheranism – History; Other religions; France – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions;
Gabon – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Gambia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Other religions; Georgia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Georgian Orthodox Church – History; Other religions; Germany – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Other religions; Ghana – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Social justice; Other religions; Greece – Country overview; Greek Orthodox Church – History; Greek Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Grenada – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Social justice; Other religions; Guatemala – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelicalism – History; Guinea – Country overview; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Other religions; Guinea-Bissau – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Cultural impact; Guyana – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Hinduism; Hinduism – History; Hinduism – Rituals; Protestantism; Other religions;
Haiti – Country overview; Hinduism – Overview; Moral code of conduct; Sacred symbols; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Shaivism – Overview; Shaivism – History; Shaivism – Early and modern leaders; Shaivism – Rituals; Shaivism – Shaivite Tantra; Shaivism – Bibliography; Vaishnavism – History; Vaishnavism – Central doctrines; Vaishnavism – Moral code of conduct; Vaishnavism – Houses of worship and holy places; Vaishnavism – Holidays and festivals; Honduras – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Hungary – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions;
Iceland – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – History; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Early and modern leaders; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Rituals; Other religions; India – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Hinduism – History; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Islam – Social justice; Other religions; Indonesia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Introduction – Common elements in religious practice – Rituals; Common elements in religious practice – Scripture; Common elements in religious practice – Theology; Common elements in religious practice – Ethics; Common elements in religious practice – Observance and explanation of death; Geographic variations in religious practice; Trends in contemporary religion; Iran – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Shia Islam – History; Shia Islam – Rites of passage; Shia Islam – Controversial issues; Other religions; Iraq – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Other religions; Ireland – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Islam – History; Glossary; Islamic law; Sacred books; Sacred symbols; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Sunnis and Shiites; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Shiism – Overview; Shiism – History; Shiism – Central doctrines; Shiism – Major theologians and authors; Shiism – Organizational structure; Shiism – Holidays and festivals; Shiism – The Love for ahl al-Bayt; Shiism – Rituals; Shiism – Seveners and Fivers; Shiism – Cultural impact; Sunnism – Overview; Sunnism – History; Sunnism – Central doctrines; Sunnism – Moral code of conduct; Sunnism – Sacred books; Sunnism –Early and modern leaders; Sunnism – Rites of passage; Sunnism – Controversial issues; Israel – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Judaism – History; Judaism – Holidays and festivals; Judaism – Controversial issues; Other religions; Italy – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions;
Laos – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Theravada Buddhism – History; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Other religions; Latvia – Country overview; Evangelical Lutheranism – History; Other religions; Lebanon – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Lesotho – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Other religions; Liberia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – History; African traditional beliefs; Other religions; Libya – Country overview; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Liechtenstein – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Lithuania – Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Luxembourg – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions;
Macedonia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Macedonian Orthodox Church – History; Islam – History; Other religions; Madagascar – Country overview; Christianity – History; Christianity – Cultural impact; Traditional religion – Holidays and festivals; Traditional religion – Cultural impact; Other religions; Malawi – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Malaysia – Country overview; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Other religions; Maldives – Country overview; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Mali – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Political impact; Other religions; Malta – Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Marshall Islands – Country overview; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Social aspects; Mauritius – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Hinduism; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Mexico – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Other religions; Micronesia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Moldova – Country overview; Moldavian Orthodox Church – History; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Monaco – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Mongolia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Tibetan Buddhism – History; Tibetan Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Other religions; Morocco – Country overview; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Mozambique – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Other religions; Bibliography; Myanmar – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Theravada Buddhism – History; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Other religions;
Namibia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Nauru – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Political impact; Nepal – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Buddhism; Buddhism – History; Other religions; Netherlands – Country overview; Christianity – History; Other religions; New Zealand – Country overview; Christianity – History; Nicaragua – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Other religions; Niger – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Other religions; Nigeria – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; North Korea – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Juche – History; Juche – What is sacred?; Other religions; Norway – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Evangelical Lutheranism – History; Other religions;
Oman – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Ibadi Islam – History; Ibadi Islam – Major theologians and authors; Ibadi Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Ibadi Islam – Dietary practices; Ibadi Islam – Social aspects; Ibadi Islam – Controversial issues;
Pakistan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Other religions; Palau – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Panama – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Papua New Guinea – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Paraguay – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Peru – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Philippines – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Other religions; Poland – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Portugal – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Other religions;
Republic of the Congo – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; African traditional religions – History; African traditional religions – Rites of passage; Other religions; Romania – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Romanian Orthodox Church – History; Romanian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Romanian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Romanian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Romanian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Russia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Russian Orthodox Church – History; Russian Orthodox Church – Membership; Other religions; Rwanda – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Other religions;
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Anglicanism – History; Methodism; Other religions; Saint Lucia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Anglicanism – Holidays and festivals; Other religions; Samoa – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – History; Other religions; San Marino – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; São Tomé and Príncipe – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Saudi Arabia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Senegal – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Serbia and Montenegro – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Serbian Orthodox Church – History; Serbian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Serbian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Seychelles – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Shinto – Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Rituals; Bibliography; Sierra Leone – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Social justice; African traditional religion – Rites of passage; Other religions; Sikhism – Overview; Glossary; Moral code of conduct; Sacred books; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Major Subgroups of Sikhs; Mode of dress; Rites of passage; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Singapore – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Other religions; Slovakia – Country overview; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Other religions; Slovenia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Other religions; Solomon Islands – Country overview; Somalia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Social aspects; South Africa – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – History; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Controversial issues; South Korea – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Buddhism – History; Buddhism – Rituals; Buddhism – Membership; Other religions; Spain – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Other religions; Sri Lanka – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Theravada Buddhism – History; Other religions; Sudan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Rites of passage; Other religions; Suriname – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Hinduism; Hinduism – History; Protestantism; Protestantism – History; Other religions; Swaziland – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Rituals; Swazi traditional religion – History; Swazi traditional religion – Houses of worship and holy places; Swazi traditional religion – Holidays and festivals; Swazi traditional religion – Rites of passage; Switzerland – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Political impact; Other religions; Syria – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Other religions;
Taiwan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Chinese religion – History; Chinese religion – Holidays and festivals; Other religions; Tajikistan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – History; Tanzania – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam; African traditional beliefs – History; African traditional beliefs – Rites of passage; Taoism – Overview; Central doctrines; Moral code of conduct; Thailand – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Theravada Buddhism – History; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Other religions; Togo – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Vodun – Date of origin; Other religions; Tonga – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Free Wesleyan Church – History; Other religions; Trinidad and Tobago – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism; Other religions; Tunisia – Country overview; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Turkey – Country overview; Other religions; Turkmenistan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Other religions; Tuvalu – Country overview; Tuvalu Christian Church – History; Tuvalu Christian Church – Social aspects;
Uganda – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – History; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; Other religions; Ukraine – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Eastern Orthodoxy – History; Eastern Orthodoxy – Political impact; Other religions; United Arab Emirates – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; United Kingdom – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Church of England – History; Church of England – Houses of worship and holy places; Church of England – Rituals; Other religions; United States of America – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Native American religions – History; Uruguay – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism; Uzbekistan – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Other religions;
Vanuatu – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Vatican City – Country overview; Roman Catholicism; Roman Catholicism – History; Venezuela – Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Other religions; Vietnam – Country overview; Mahayana Buddhism – History; Mahayana Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Other religions;
Yemen – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Rituals; Other religions;
Zambia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Controversial issues; Other religions; Zimbabwe – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Christianity – History; African traditional beliefs – History; Other religions; Zoroastrianism – Glossary; Central doctrines; Moral code of conduct;Sacred books; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Houses of worship and holy places; Holidays and festivals; Rituals; Social justice; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Minor articles
1 or 2 paragraphs
Afghanistan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; African traditional religions – Gye Nyame; Glossary – Abaluhya; Glossary – Babalawo; Glossary – Baganda; Glossary – Bambara; Glossary – Bantu; Glossary – Ba Kongo; Glossary – Ba Thonga; Glossary – Cosmogony; Glossary – Cosmology; Glossary – Dagara; Glossary – Divination; Glossary – Edo; Glossary – Fang; Glossary – Fon; Glossary – Ifa; Glossary – Igbo; Glossary – Kaguru; Glossary – Lupupa; Glossary – Manyika; Glossary – Masai; Glossary – Mwari; Glossary – Odu; Glossary – Olódùmarè; Glossary – Opele; Glossary – Orisa; Glossary – Yoruba; Glossary – Zulu; Sacred kingship; Organizational structure; Racism in the early study of African religions; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Albania – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Algeria – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Andorra – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Angola – Country overview – Religious tolerance; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Antigua and Barbuda – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Anglicanism – Date of origin; Anglicanism – Number of followers; Anglicanism – Early and modern leaders; Anglicanism – Major theologians and authors; Anglicanism – Houses of worship and holy places; Anglicanism – What is sacred?; Anglicanism – Holidays and festivals; Anglicanism – Mode of dress; Anglicanism – Dietary practices; Anglicanism – Rituals; Anglicanism – Rites of passage; Anglicanism – Membership; Anglicanism – Social justice; Anglicanism – Social aspects; Anglicanism – Political impact; Anglicanism – Controversial issues; Anglicanism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Argentina – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Armenia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Armenian Apostolic Church – Date of origin; Armenian Apostolic Church – Number of followers; Armenian Apostolic Church – Early and modern leaders; Armenian Apostolic Church – Major theologians and authors; Armenian Apostolic Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Armenian Apostolic Church – What is sacred?; Armenian Apostolic Church – Holidays and festivals; Armenian Apostolic Church – Mode of dress; Armenian Apostolic Church – Dietary practices; Armenian Apostolic Church – Rites of passage; Armenian Apostolic Church – Membership; Armenian Apostolic Church – Social justice; Armenian Apostolic Church – Social aspects; Armenian Apostolic Church – Political impact; Armenian Apostolic Church – Controversial issues; Armenian Apostolic Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Australia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Bibliography; Austria – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Other religions; Bibliography; Azerbaijan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Baháʼí Faith – Nine-pointed star; Glossary – Babi; Glossary – Baha; Glossary – Hand of the Cause of God; Glossary – Huququllah; Glossary – Manifestation of God; Glossary – Nineteen Day Feast; Glossary – Qiblih; Glossary – Universal House of Justice; Glossary – Ya Baha ul-abha; Racism and Racial Prejudice: A Passage from the Administrative Texts; Sacred books; Sacred symbols; Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí faith, on How to Live One's Life; What Is Sacred; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Bibliography; The Bahamas – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Baptist churches – Date of origin; Baptist churches – Number of followers; Baptist churches – Early and modern leaders; Baptist churches – Major theologians and authors; Baptist churches – Houses of worship and holy places; Baptist churches – What is sacred?; Baptist churches – Holidays and festivals; Baptist churches – Mode of dress; Baptist churches – Dietary practices; Baptist churches – Rituals; Baptist churches – Rites of passage; Baptist churches – Membership; Baptist churches – Social justice; Baptist churches – Social aspects; Baptist churches – Political impact; Baptist churches – Controversial issues; Baptist churches – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Bahrain – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Bangladesh – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Barbados – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Anglican church – Date of origin; Anglican church – Number of followers; Anglican church – Early and modern leaders; Anglican church – Major theologians and authors; Anglican church – Houses of worship and holy places; Anglican church – What is sacred?; Anglican church – Holidays and festivals; Anglican church – Mode of dress; Anglican church – Dietary practices; Anglican church – Rituals; Anglican church – Rites of passage; Anglican church – Membership; Anglican church – Social justice; Anglican church – Social aspects; Anglican church – Political impact; Anglican church – Controversial issues; Anglican church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Belarus – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Belarusan Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Rituals; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Membership; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Social justice; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Political impact; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Belarusan Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Belgium – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Belize – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Protestantism – Date of origin; Protestantism – Number of followers; Protestantism – Early and modern leaders; Protestantism – Major theologians and authors; Protestantism – Houses of worship and holy places; Protestantism – What is sacred?; Protestantism – Holidays and festivals; Protestantism – Mode of dress; Protestantism – Dietary practices; Protestantism – Rituals; Protestantism – Rites of passage; Protestantism – Membership; Protestantism – Social justice; Protestantism – Social aspects; Protestantism – Political impact; Protestantism – Controversial issues; Protestantism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Benin – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Vodun – Date of origin; Vodun – Number of followers; Vodun – Major theologians and authors; Vodun – Houses of worship and holy places; Vodun – What is sacred?; Vodun – Holidays and festivals; Vodun – Mode of dress; Vodun – Dietary practices; Vodun – Rites of passage; Vodun – Membership; Vodun – Social justice; Vodun – Social aspects; Vodun – Political impact; Vodun – Controversial issues; Vodun – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Bhutan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Tibetan Buddhism – Date of origin; Tibetan Buddhism – Number of followers; Tibetan Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Tibetan Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Tibetan Buddhism – What is sacred?; Tibetan Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Tibetan Buddhism – Mode of dress; Tibetan Buddhism – Rituals; Tibetan Buddhism – Rites of passage; Tibetan Buddhism – Membership; Tibetan Buddhism – Social aspects; Tibetan Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Bolivia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Bosnia and Herzegovina – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Serbian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Serbian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Serbian Orthodox Church – History; Serbian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Serbian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Serbian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Serbian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Serbian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Serbian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Serbian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Serbian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Serbian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Serbian Orthodox Church – Membership; Serbian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Serbian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Serbian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Serbian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Serbian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Botswana – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; African indigenous religions – Date of origin; African indigenous religions – Number of followers; African indigenous religions – History; African indigenous religions – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous religions – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous religions – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous religions – What is sacred?; African indigenous religions – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous religions – Mode of dress; African indigenous religions – Dietary practices; African indigenous religions – Rites of passage; African indigenous religions – Membership; African indigenous religions – Social justice; African indigenous religions – Social aspects; African indigenous religions – Political impact; African indigenous religions – Controversial issues; African indigenous religions – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Brazil – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Brunei – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Buddhism – Wheel of the Dharma; Glossary – Anagarika; Glossary – Arhat; Glossary – Bhikkhu; Glossary – Bhikkhuni; Glossary – Bodhi; Glossary – Bodhisattva; Glossary – Ch'an (Zen); Glossary – Dana; Glossary – Deva; Glossary – Dharma (Dhamma); Glossary – Duhkha (Dukkha); Glossary – Eightfold Path (Magga; Marga); Glossary – Four Noble Truths; Glossary – Karma; Glossary – Mahayana Buddhism (Northern Buddhism); Glossary – Nirvana; Glossary – Pancha sila; Glossary – Prajna; Glossary – Puja; Glossary – Samsara; Glossary – Samudaya; Glossary – Sangha; Glossary – Shramana; Glossary – Sila; Glossary – 10 Paramitas; Glossary – Theravada Buddhism (Southern Buddhism); Glossary – Three Refuges (Triple Gem); Glossary – Tripitaka (Tipitaka); Glossary – Upaya; Glossary – Vajrayana (Tantra); Glossary – Wheel of the Dharma; The Practice of Deity Yoga; Sacred symbols; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rites of passage; Temporary Ordination; Religious tolerance; Mahayana Buddhism – Moral code of conduct; Mahayana Buddhism – Sacred books; Mahayana Buddhism – Sacred symbols; Mahayana Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Mahayana Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Mahayana Buddhism – Organizational structure; Mahayana Buddhism – The Bodhisattva; Mahayana Buddhism – What is sacred?; Mahayana Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Mahayana Buddhism – Mode of dress; Mahayana Buddhism – Dietary practices; Mahayana Buddhism – Rites of passage; Mahayana Buddhism – Membership; Mahayana Buddhism – Religious tolerance; Mahayana Buddhism – Social justice; Mahayana Buddhism – Social aspects; Mahayana Buddhism – Controversial issues; Mahayana Buddhism – Cultural impact; Mahayana Buddhism – Bibliography; Theravada Buddhism – Overview; Theravada Buddhism – Sacred books; Theravada Buddhism – Sacred symbols; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – Organizational structure; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Theravada Buddhism – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Tibetan Buddhism – Overview; Tibetan Buddhism – Central doctrines; Tibetan Buddhism – Moral code of conduct; Tibetan Buddhism – Sacred books; Tibetan Buddhism – Sacred symbols; Tibetan Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Tibetan Buddhism – Exorcisms; Tibetan Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Tibetan Buddhism – Organizational structure; Tibetan Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Tibetan Buddhism – What is sacred?; Tibetan Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Tibetan Buddhism – Mode of dress; Tibetan Buddhism – Dietary practices; Tibetan Buddhism – Rituals; Tibetan Buddhism – Rites of passage; Tibetan Buddhism – Membership; Tibetan Buddhism – Religious tolerance; Tibetan Buddhism – Social justice; Tibetan Buddhism – Social aspects; Tibetan Buddhism – Controversial issues; Tibetan Buddhism – Cultural impact; Tibetan Buddhism – Bibliography; Bulgaria – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Orthodox Christianity – Date of origin; Orthodox Christianity – Number of followers; Orthodox Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Orthodox Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Orthodox Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Orthodox Christianity – What is sacred?; Orthodox Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Orthodox Christianity – Mode of dress; Orthodox Christianity – Dietary practices; Orthodox Christianity – Rituals; Orthodox Christianity – Rites of passage; Orthodox Christianity – Membership; Orthodox Christianity – Social justice; Orthodox Christianity – Social aspects; Orthodox Christianity – Political impact; Orthodox Christianity – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Burkina Faso – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Traditional beliefs – Date of origin; Traditional beliefs – Number of followers; Traditional beliefs – Early and modern leaders; Traditional beliefs – Major theologians and authors; Traditional beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; Traditional beliefs – What is sacred?; Traditional beliefs – Holidays and festivals; Traditional beliefs – Mode of dress; Traditional beliefs – Dietary practices; Traditional beliefs – Rites of passage; Traditional beliefs – Membership; Traditional beliefs – Social justice; Traditional beliefs – Social aspects; Traditional beliefs – Political impact; Traditional beliefs – Controversial issues; Traditional beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Burundi – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Cambodia – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin; Theravada Buddhism – Number of followers; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Political impact; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Cameroon – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Canada – Country overview – Introduction; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other Christian denominations – Date of origin; Other Christian denominations – Number of followers; Other Christian denominations – Major theologians and authors; Other Christian denominations – Houses of worship and holy places; Other Christian denominations – What is sacred?; Other Christian denominations – Holidays and festivals; Other Christian denominations – Mode of dress; Other Christian denominations – Dietary practices; Other Christian denominations – Rituals; Other Christian denominations – Social justice; Other Christian denominations – Social aspects; Other Christian denominations – Political impact; Other Christian denominations – Controversial issues; Other Christian denominations – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Cape Verde – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Central African Republic – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Chad – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Chile – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; China – Chinese popular religions – Date of origin; Chinese popular religions – Number of followers; Chinese popular religions – Early and modern leaders; Chinese popular religions – Major theologians and authors; Chinese popular religions – Houses of worship and holy places; Chinese popular religions – What is sacred?; Chinese popular religions – Mode of dress; Chinese popular religions – Dietary practices; Chinese popular religions – Rituals; Chinese popular religions – Rites of passage; Chinese popular religions – Membership; Chinese popular religions – Social justice; Chinese popular religions – Social aspects; Chinese popular religions – Political impact; Chinese popular religions – Controversial issues; Chinese popular religions – Cultural impact; Buddhism – Date of origin; Buddhism – Number of followers; Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Buddhism – What is sacred?; Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – Dietary practices; Buddhism – Rites of passage; Buddhism – Membership; Buddhism – Social justice; Buddhism – Social aspects; Buddhism – Political impact; Buddhism – Controversial issues; Buddhism – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Christianity – Cross; Glossary – Advent; Glossary – Anglicanism; Glossary – Apocrypha; Glossary – Atonement; Glossary – Baptism; Glossary – Casuistry; Glossary – Catechesis; Glossary – Charismatics; Glossary – Chrismation; Glossary – Conciliar; Glossary – Confirmation; Glossary – Congregationalism; Glossary – Epiphany; Glossary – Eschatology; Glossary – Eucharist (Communion; Lord's Supper); Glossary – Evangelicalism; Glossary – Extreme unction; Glossary – Grace; Glossary – Lent; Glossary – Matrimony; Glossary – Messiah; Glossary – Ordination; Glossary – Orthodoxy; Glossary – Pentecost; Glossary – Pentecostalism; Glossary – Petrine primacy; Glossary – Presbyterianism; Glossary – Protestantism; Glossary – Reconciliation; Glossary – Roman Catholicism; Glossary – Sacrament; Glossary – Sacramental; Glossary – Salvation; Glossary – Trinity; Glossary – Uniate; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Overview; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Moral code of conduct; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Sacred books; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Sacred symbols; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Early and modern leaders; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Major theologians and authors; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Organizational structure; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Houses of worship and holy places; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – What is sacred?; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Holidays and festivals; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Mode of dress; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Dietary practices; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Rituals; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Rites of passage; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Membership; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Religious tolerance; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Social justice; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Social aspects; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Controversial issues; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Cultural impact; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – The Controversy over a Gay Bishop; Baptist tradition – Moral code of conduct; Baptist tradition – Sacred books; Baptist tradition – Sacred symbols; Baptist tradition – Diversity among Baptists; Baptist tradition – Early and modern leaders; Baptist tradition – Major theologians and authors; Baptist tradition – Organizational structure; Baptist tradition – Houses of worship and holy places; Baptist tradition – What is sacred?; Baptist tradition – Holidays and festivals; Baptist tradition – Mode of dress; Baptist tradition – Dietary practices; Baptist tradition – Rituals; Baptist tradition – Rites of passage; Baptist tradition – Membership; Baptist tradition – Religious tolerance; Baptist tradition – Social justice; Baptist tradition – Social aspects; Baptist tradition – Controversial issues; Baptist tradition – Cultural impact; Baptist tradition – Bibliography; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Overview; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Central doctrines; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Moral code of conduct; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Sacred books; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Sacred symbols; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Early and modern leaders; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Major theologians and authors; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Organizational structure; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Houses of worship and holy places; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – What is sacred?; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Holidays and festivals; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Mode of dress; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Dietary practices; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Rituals; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Rites of passage; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Membership; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Religious tolerance; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Social justice; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – The Latter-day Saint movement; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Social aspects; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Controversial issues; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Cultural impact; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Bibliography; Coptic Christianity – Central doctrines; Coptic Christianity – Moral code of conduct; Coptic Christianity – Sacred symbols; Coptic Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Coptic Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Coptic Christianity – Organizational structure; Coptic Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Coptic Christianity – Coptic Monastic Life and Church Renewal; Coptic Christianity – What is sacred?; Coptic Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Coptic Christianity – Mode of dress; Coptic Christianity – Dietary practices; Coptic Christianity – Rites of passage; Coptic Christianity – Membership; Coptic Christianity – Religious tolerance; Coptic Christianity – Social justice; Coptic Christianity – Social aspects; Coptic Christianity – Controversial issues; Coptic Christianity – Cultural impact; Coptic Christianity – Bibliography; Eastern Christianity – Overview; Eastern Christianity – Central doctrines; Eastern Christianity – Moral code of conduct; Eastern Christianity – Sacred books; Eastern Christianity – Sacred symbols; Eastern Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Eastern Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Eastern Christianity – Organizational structure; Eastern Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Eastern Christianity – What is sacred?; Eastern Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Eastern Christianity – Mode of dress; Eastern Christianity – Dietary practices; Eastern Christianity – Rituals; Eastern Christianity – Rites of passage; Eastern Christianity – Membership; Eastern Christianity – Religious tolerance; Eastern Christianity – Social justice; Eastern Christianity – Social aspects; Eastern Christianity – Controversial issues; Eastern Christianity – Cultural impact; Eastern Christianity – Bibliography; Eastern Orthodoxy – Moral code of conduct; Eastern Orthodoxy – Sacred books; Eastern Orthodoxy – Sacred symbols; Eastern Orthodoxy – Major theologians and authors; Eastern Orthodoxy – Organizational structure; Eastern Orthodoxy – What is sacred?; Eastern Orthodoxy – Holidays and festivals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Mode of dress; Eastern Orthodoxy – Dietary practices; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rituals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Membership; Eastern Orthodoxy – Religious tolerance; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social justice; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social aspects; Eastern Orthodoxy – Controversial issues; Eastern Orthodoxy – Cultural impact; Eastern Orthodoxy – Icons; Eastern Orthodoxy – Bibliography; Evangelicalism – Overview; Evangelicalism – History; Evangelicalism – Central doctrines; Evangelicalism – Moral code of conduct; Evangelicalism – Sacred books; Evangelicalism – Sacred symbols; Evangelicalism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelicalism – Major theologians and authors; Evangelicalism – Organizational structure; Evangelicalism – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelicalism – What is sacred?; Evangelicalism – Holidays and festivals; Evangelicalism – Mode of dress; Evangelicalism – Dietary practices; Evangelicalism – Rituals; Evangelicalism – Rites of passage; Evangelicalism – Membership; Evangelicalism – Religious tolerance; Evangelicalism – Social justice; Evangelicalism – Social aspects; Evangelicalism – Controversial issues; Evangelicalism – Cultural impact; Evangelicalism – Explosive Growth; Evangelicalism – Bibliography; Jehovah's Witnesses – Overview; Jehovah's Witnesses – Sacred books; Jehovah's Witnesses – Sacred symbols; Jehovah's Witnesses – Early and modern leaders; Jehovah's Witnesses – Major theologians and authors; Jehovah's Witnesses – Organizational structure; Jehovah's Witnesses – Houses of worship and holy places; Jehovah's Witnesses – What is sacred?; Jehovah's Witnesses – The Slave Class; Jehovah's Witnesses – Holidays and festivals; Jehovah's Witnesses – Mode of dress; Jehovah's Witnesses – Dietary practices; Jehovah's Witnesses – Rituals; Jehovah's Witnesses – Rites of passage; Jehovah's Witnesses – Membership; Jehovah's Witnesses – Religious tolerance; Jehovah's Witnesses – Social justice; Jehovah's Witnesses – Social aspects; Jehovah's Witnesses – Controversial issues; Jehovah's Witnesses – Cultural impact; Jehovah's Witnesses – Bibliography; Lutheranism – Moral code of conduct; Lutheranism – Sacred books; Lutheranism – Sacred symbols; Lutheranism – Major theologians and authors; Lutheranism – Organizational structure; Lutheranism – Houses of worship and holy places; Lutheranism – What is sacred?; Lutheranism – Holidays and festivals; Lutheranism – Mode of dress; Lutheranism – Dietary practices; Lutheranism – Rituals; Lutheranism – Rites of passage; Lutheranism – Membership; Lutheranism – Religious tolerance; Lutheranism – Social justice; Lutheranism – Social aspects; Lutheranism – Controversial issues; Lutheranism – Cultural impact; Lutheranism – The Small Catechism; Lutheranism – Bibliography; Methodism – Overview; Methodism – Moral code of conduct; Methodism – Sacred books; Methodism – Sacred symbols; Methodism – Early and modern leaders; Methodism – Major theologians and authors; Methodism – Organizational structure; Methodism – Houses of worship and holy places; Methodism – What is sacred?; Methodism – Holidays and festivals; Methodism – Mode of dress; Methodism – Dietary practices; Methodism – Rituals; Methodism – Rites of passage; Methodism – Membership; Methodism – Religious tolerance; Methodism – Social justice; Methodism – Social aspects; Methodism – Controversial issues; Methodism – Cultural impact; Methodism – The Name "Methodist"; Methodism – Bibliography; Pentecostalism – Moral code of conduct; Pentecostalism – Sacred books; Pentecostalism – Sacred symbols; Pentecostalism – Early and modern leaders; Pentecostalism – Major theologians and authors; Pentecostalism – Organizational structure; Pentecostalism – Houses of worship and holy places; Pentecostalism – What is sacred?; Pentecostalism – Holidays and festivals; Pentecostalism – Mode of dress; Pentecostalism – Dietary practices; Pentecostalism – Rituals; Pentecostalism – Rites of passage; Pentecostalism – Membership; Pentecostalism – Religious tolerance; Pentecostalism – Numbers of Pentecostal Groups; Pentecostalism – Social justice; Pentecostalism – Social aspects; Pentecostalism – Controversial issues; Pentecostalism – Cultural impact; Pentecostalism – Bibliography; Protestantism – Overview; Protestantism – Sacred books; Protestantism – Sacred symbols; Protestantism – Major theologians and authors; Protestantism – Organizational structure; Protestantism – Houses of worship and holy places; Protestantism – What is sacred?; Protestantism – Holidays and festivals; Protestantism – Mode of dress; Protestantism – Dietary practices; Protestantism – Rituals; Protestantism – Rites of passage; Protestantism – Membership; Protestantism – Religious tolerance; Protestantism – Social justice; Protestantism – Social aspects; Protestantism – Controversial issues; Protestantism – Cultural impact; Protestantism – Priesthood of All Believers; Protestantism – Bibliography; Reformed Christianity – Overview; Reformed Christianity – Sacred books; Reformed Christianity – Sacred symbols; Reformed Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Reformed Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Reformed Christianity – Organizational structure; Reformed Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Reformed Christianity – What is sacred?; Reformed Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Reformed Christianity – Mode of dress; Reformed Christianity – Dietary practices; Reformed Christianity – The Word of God; Reformed Christianity – Rites of passage; Reformed Christianity – Membership; Reformed Christianity – Religious tolerance; Reformed Christianity – Social justice; Reformed Christianity – Social aspects; Reformed Christianity – Controversial issues; Reformed Christianity – Bibliography; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Moral code of conduct; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Sacred books; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Sacred symbols; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Early and modern leaders; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Major theologians and authors; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Organizational structure; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Houses of worship and holy places; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – What is sacred?; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Holidays and festivals; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Mode of dress; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Dietary practices; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Quotes from George Fox, Founder of the Quakers; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Rites of passage; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Membership; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Religious tolerance; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Social justice; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Social aspects; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Controversial issues; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Cultural impact; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Bibliography; Roman Catholicism – Central doctrines; Roman Catholicism – Sacred books; Roman Catholicism – Sacred symbols; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Organizational structure; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Roman Catholicism – The Second Vatican Council; Roman Catholicism – Bibliography; Seventh-day Adventists – Overview; Seventh-day Adventists – Moral code of conduct; Seventh-day Adventists – Sacred books; Seventh-day Adventists – Sacred symbols; Seventh-day Adventists – Early and modern leaders; Seventh-day Adventists – Major theologians and authors; Seventh-day Adventists – Organizational structure; Seventh-day Adventists – Houses of worship and holy places; Seventh-day Adventists – What is sacred?; Seventh-day Adventists – Seventh-day Adventist: What's in a Name?; Seventh-day Adventists – Holidays and festivals; Seventh-day Adventists – Mode of dress; Seventh-day Adventists – Dietary practices; Seventh-day Adventists – Rituals; Seventh-day Adventists – Rites of passage; Seventh-day Adventists – Membership; Seventh-day Adventists – Religious tolerance; Seventh-day Adventists – Social justice; Seventh-day Adventists – Social aspects; Seventh-day Adventists – Controversial issues; Seventh-day Adventists – Cultural impact; Seventh-day Adventists – Bibliography; Unitarianism and Universalism – Overview; Unitarianism and Universalism – Sacred books; Unitarianism and Universalism – Sacred symbols; Unitarianism and Universalism – Early and modern leaders; Unitarianism and Universalism – Major theologians and authors; Unitarianism and Universalism – Organizational structure; Unitarianism and Universalism – Houses of worship and holy places; Unitarianism and Universalism – What is sacred?; Unitarianism and Universalism – Holidays and festivals; Unitarianism and Universalism – Mode of dress; Unitarianism and Universalism – Dietary practices; Unitarianism and Universalism – Rites of passage; Unitarianism and Universalism – Membership; Unitarianism and Universalism – Evolution of a Unitarian Martyr; Unitarianism and Universalism – Religious tolerance; Unitarianism and Universalism – Social justice; Unitarianism and Universalism – Social aspects; Unitarianism and Universalism – Controversial issues; Unitarianism and Universalism – Cultural impact; Unitarianism and Universalism – Bibliography; United Church of Christ – Overview; United Church of Christ – Central doctrines; United Church of Christ – Moral code of conduct; United Church of Christ – Sacred books; United Church of Christ – Sacred symbols; United Church of Christ – Early and modern leaders; United Church of Christ – Major theologians and authors; United Church of Christ – Organizational structure; United Church of Christ – Houses of worship and holy places; United Church of Christ – What is sacred?; United Church of Christ – Holidays and festivals; United Church of Christ – Mode of dress; United Church of Christ – Dietary practices; United Church of Christ – Rituals; United Church of Christ – Rites of passage; United Church of Christ – Membership; United Church of Christ – Religious tolerance; United Church of Christ – From the Preamble, UCC Constitution; United Church of Christ – Social justice; United Church of Christ – Social aspects; United Church of Christ – Cultural impact; United Church of Christ – Bibliography; Colombia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Comoros – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Confucianism – Ru; Glossary – De; Glossary – Five Scriptures; Glossary – Four Books; Glossary – Haoxue; Glossary – Jingzuo; Glossary – Li (cosmic ordering principle); Glossary – Li (norms for human interactions); Glossary – Liangzhi; Glossary – Lixue; Glossary – Neisheng waiwang; Glossary – Qi; Glossary – Ren; Glossary – Renzheng; Glossary – Renyu; Glossary – Tao (Dao); Glossary – Three Bonds; Glossary – Tian; Glossary – Tianli; Glossary – Tianming; Glossary – Xin; Glossary – Xing; Glossary – Xinxue; Glossary – Yi; Sacred books; Is Confucianism a Religion?; Organizational structure; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Mode of dress; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social aspects; Costa Rica – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Côte d'Ivoire – Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Croatia – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Cuba – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Cyprus – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin; Eastern Orthodoxy – Number of followers; Eastern Orthodoxy – Early and modern leaders; Eastern Orthodoxy – Major theologians and authors; Eastern Orthodoxy – Houses of worship and holy places; Eastern Orthodoxy – What is sacred?; Eastern Orthodoxy – Holidays and festivals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Mode of dress; Eastern Orthodoxy – Dietary practices; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rituals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rites of passage; Eastern Orthodoxy – Membership; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social justice; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social aspects; Eastern Orthodoxy – Political impact; Eastern Orthodoxy – Controversial issues; Eastern Orthodoxy – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Czech Republic – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Democratic Republic of the Congo – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Denmark – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin; Evangelical Lutheranism – Number of followers; Evangelical Lutheranism – History; Evangelical Lutheranism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelical Lutheranism – Major theologians and authors; Evangelical Lutheranism – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelical Lutheranism – What is sacred?; Evangelical Lutheranism – Holidays and festivals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Mode of dress; Evangelical Lutheranism – Dietary practices; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rituals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rites of passage; Evangelical Lutheranism – Membership; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social justice; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social aspects; Evangelical Lutheranism – Political impact; Evangelical Lutheranism – Controversial issues; Evangelical Lutheranism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Djibouti – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Dominica – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Dominican Republic – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
East Timor – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Ecuador – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Egypt – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; El Salvador – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Equatorial Guinea – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Eritrea – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Orthodox Christianity – Date of origin; Orthodox Christianity – Number of followers; Orthodox Christianity – History; Orthodox Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Orthodox Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Orthodox Christianity – What is sacred?; Orthodox Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Orthodox Christianity – Mode of dress; Orthodox Christianity – Dietary practices; Orthodox Christianity – Rituals; Orthodox Christianity – Membership; Orthodox Christianity – Social justice; Orthodox Christianity – Social aspects; Orthodox Christianity – Political impact; Orthodox Christianity – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Estonia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Ethiopia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Membership; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Fiji – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – History; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Hinduism – Rituals; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Other religions; References; Finland – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Lutheranism – Date of origin; Lutheranism – Number of followers; Lutheranism – Early and modern leaders; Lutheranism – Major theologians and authors; Lutheranism – Houses of worship and holy places; Lutheranism – What is sacred?; Lutheranism – Holidays and festivals; Lutheranism – Mode of dress; Lutheranism – Dietary practices; Lutheranism – Rituals; Lutheranism – Rites of passage; Lutheranism – Membership; Lutheranism – Social justice; Lutheranism – Social aspects; Lutheranism – Political impact; Lutheranism – Controversial issues; Lutheranism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; France – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Bibliography;
Gabon – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Gambia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Georgia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Georgian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Georgian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Georgian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Georgian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Georgian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Georgian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Georgian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Georgian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Georgian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Georgian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Georgian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Georgian Orthodox Church – Membership; Georgian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Georgian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Georgian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Georgian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Georgian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Germany – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Ghana – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Greece – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Greek Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Greek Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Greek Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Greek Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Greek Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Greek Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Greek Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Greek Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Greek Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Greek Orthodox Church – Rituals; Greek Orthodox Church – Membership; Greek Orthodox Church – Social justice; Greek Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Greek Orthodox Church – Political impact; Greek Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Greek Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Grenada – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Guatemala – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Maya spirituality – Date of origin; Maya spirituality – Number of followers; Maya spirituality – History; Maya spirituality – Early and modern leaders; Maya spirituality – Major theologians and authors; Maya spirituality – Houses of worship and holy places; Maya spirituality – What is sacred?; Maya spirituality – Holidays and festivals; Maya spirituality – Mode of dress; Maya spirituality – Dietary practices; Maya spirituality – Rituals; Maya spirituality – Rites of passage; Maya spirituality – Membership; Maya spirituality – Social justice; Maya spirituality – Social aspects; Maya spirituality – Political impact; Maya spirituality – Controversial issues; Maya spirituality – Cultural impact; Evangelicalism – Date of origin; Evangelicalism – Number of followers; Evangelicalism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelicalism – Major theologians and authors; Evangelicalism – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelicalism – What is sacred?; Evangelicalism – Holidays and festivals; Evangelicalism – Mode of dress; Evangelicalism – Dietary practices; Evangelicalism – Rituals; Evangelicalism – Rites of passage; Evangelicalism – Membership; Evangelicalism – Social justice; Evangelicalism – Social aspects; Evangelicalism – Political impact; Evangelicalism – Controversial issues; Evangelicalism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Guinea – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Guinea-Bissau – Country overview – Religious tolerance; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Other religions; Bibliography; Guyana – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Protestantism – Date of origin; Protestantism – Number of followers; Protestantism – History; Protestantism – Early and modern leaders; Protestantism – Major theologians and authors; Protestantism – Houses of worship and holy places; Protestantism – What is sacred?; Protestantism – Holidays and festivals; Protestantism – Mode of dress; Protestantism – Dietary practices; Protestantism – Rituals; Protestantism – Rites of passage; Protestantism – Membership; Protestantism – Social justice; Protestantism – Social aspects; Protestantism – Political impact; Protestantism – Controversial issues; Protestantism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Haiti – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Vodou – Date of origin; Vodou – Number of followers; Vodou – History; Vodou – Early and modern leaders; Vodou – Major theologians and authors; Vodou – Houses of worship and holy places; Vodou – What is sacred?; Vodou – Holidays and festivals; Vodou – Mode of dress; Vodou – Dietary practices; Vodou – Rituals; Vodou – Rites of passage; Vodou – Membership; Vodou – Social justice; Vodou – Social aspects; Vodou – Political impact; Vodou – Controversial issues; Vodou – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Hinduism – Om; Glossary – Acharya; Glossary – Ashrama; Glossary – Atman; Glossary – Ayurveda; Glossary – Bhagavad Gita; Glossary – Bhakti; Glossary – Brahma; Glossary – Brahman (supreme being); Glossary – Brahman (caste); Glossary – Caste; Glossary – Deva; Glossary – Devi; Glossary – Dharma; Glossary – Dharma Sastra; Glossary – Durga; Glossary – Ganesha; Glossary – Goddess; Glossary – Gotra; Glossary – Guru; Glossary – Jati; Glossary – Karma; Glossary – Krishna; Glossary – Kundalini; Glossary – Lakshmi; Glossary – Mahabharata; Glossary – Mandala; Glossary – Mantra; Glossary – Moksha; Glossary – Parvati; Glossary – Puja; Glossary – Purana; Glossary – Ramayana; Glossary – Samadhi; Glossary – Samsara; Glossary – Sanatana dharma; Glossary – Shakti; Glossary – Sanskrit; Glossary – Shiva; Glossary – Smriti; Glossary – Sruti; Glossary – Swami; Glossary – Tamil; Glossary – Tantra; Glossary – Upadesa; Glossary – Upanishad; Glossary – Vaishnava; Glossary – Varna; Glossary – Varna-ashrama dharma; Glossary – Veda; Glossary – Vedanta; Glossary – Vishnu; Glossary – Yoga; Glossary – Yuga; The Tilaka and Religious Affiliation; Women's Contribution to the Hindu Tradition; Membership; Religious tolerance; Shaivism – Central doctrines; Shaivism – Moral code of conduct; Shaivism – Sacred books; Shaivism – Sacred symbols; Shaivism – Major theologians and authors; Shaivism – Organizational structure; Shaivism – Houses of worship and holy places; Shaivism – What is sacred?; Shaivism – Holidays and festivals; Shaivism – Mode of dress; Shaivism – Dietary practices; Shaivism – Rites of passage; Shaivism – Membership; Shaivism – Religious tolerance; Shaivism – Social justice; Shaivism – Social aspects; Shaivism – Controversial issues; Shaivism – Cultural impact; Vaishnavism – Overview; Vaishnavism – Sacred books; Vaishnavism – Sacred symbols; Vaishnavism – Early and modern leaders; Vaishnavism – Major theologians and authors; Vaishnavism – Organizational structure; Vaishnavism – Vaishnava Theology; Vaishnavism – What is sacred?; Vaishnavism – Mode of dress; Vaishnavism – Dietary practices; Vaishnavism – Rituals; Vaishnavism – Rites of passage; Vaishnavism – Membership; Vaishnavism – Religious tolerance; Vaishnavism – Social justice; Vaishnavism – Social aspects; Vaishnavism – Controversial issues; Vaishnavism – Cultural impact; Vaishnavism – Bibliography; Honduras – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Hungary – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Iceland – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Date of origin; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Number of followers; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Major theologians and authors; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – What is sacred?; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Holidays and festivals; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Mode of dress; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Dietary practices; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Rites of passage; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Membership; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Social justice; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Social aspects; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Political impact; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Controversial issues; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Cultural impact; Bibliography; India – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Rituals; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Indonesia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Introduction – Common elements in religious practice – Celebrations and observances; An invitation to explore; Iran – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Shia Islam – Date of origin; Shia Islam – Number of followers; Shia Islam – Early and modern leaders; Shia Islam – Major theologians and authors; Shia Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Shia Islam – What is sacred?; Shia Islam – Holidays and festivals; Shia Islam – Mode of dress; Shia Islam – Dietary practices; Shia Islam – Rituals; Shia Islam – Membership; Shia Islam – Social justice; Shia Islam – Social aspects; Shia Islam – Political impact; Shia Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Iraq – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Ireland – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Islam – Crescent Moon and Star; Glossary – Al-hajj (al-hajji); Glossary – Allah; Glossary – Caliph; Glossary – Dawa; Glossary – Dhimmi; Glossary – Dua; Glossary – Fast of Ramadan; Glossary – Fatwa; Glossary – Five Pillars of Islam; Glossary – Ghusl; Glossary – Hadith; Glossary – Hajj; Glossary – Halal; Glossary – Hijab; Glossary – Hijra (Hegira); Glossary – Imam; Glossary – Islam (submission); Glossary – Jihad; Glossary – Jizya; Glossary – Juma; Glossary – Kaaba; Glossary – Koran (Quran); Glossary – Madrasah; Glossary – Masjid; Glossary – Mihrab; Glossary – Millet; Glossary – Minbar; Glossary – People of the Book; Glossary – Riba; Glossary – Sadaqah; Glossary – Salat; Glossary – Shahadah; Glossary – Shariah; Glossary – Shiite; Glossary – Sufi; Glossary – Sunnah; Glossary – Sunni; Glossary – Surah; Glossary – Tawhid; Glossary – Ulama; Glossary – Ummah; Glossary – Wali; Glossary – Wudu; Glossary – Zakat; Organizational structure; Shiism – Moral code of conduct; Shiism – Sacred books; Shiism – Sacred symbols; Shiism – Early and modern leaders; Shiism – Houses of worship and holy places; Shiism – What is sacred?; Shiism – Mode of dress; Shiism – Dietary practices; Shiism – Rites of passage; Shiism – Membership; Shiism – Religious tolerance; Shiism – Social justice; Shiism – Social aspects; Shiism – Controversial issues; Shiism – Bibliography; Sunnism – Sacred symbols; Sunnism – The Ideal Leader of an Islamic State; Sunnism – Major theologians and authors; Sunnism – Organizational structure; Sunnism – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunnism – What is sacred?; Sunnism – Holidays and festivals; Sunnism – Mode of dress; Sunnism – Dietary practices; Sunnism – Rituals; Sunnism – Membership; Sunnism – Religious tolerance; Sunnism – Social justice; Sunnism – Social aspects; Sunnism – Cultural impact; Sunnism – Bibliography; Israel – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Judaism – Date of origin; Judaism – Number of followers; Judaism – Early and modern leaders; Judaism – Major theologians and authors; Judaism – Houses of worship and holy places; Judaism – What is sacred?; Judaism – Mode of dress; Judaism – Dietary practices; Judaism – Rituals; Judaism – Rites of passage; Judaism – Membership; Judaism – Social justice; Judaism – Social aspects; Judaism – Political impact; Judaism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Italy – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Bibliography;
Jainism – Universal Jain Symbol; Sacred symbols; Mode of dress; Rites of passage; Glossary – Acharya; Glossary – Ahimsa; Glossary – Anekant; Glossary – Aryika; Glossary – Brahmacarya; Glossary – Dashalakshanaparvan; Glossary – Digambara; Glossary – Diksha; Glossary – Jina; Glossary – Jiva; Glossary – Karma; Glossary – Mahavira Jayanti; Glossary – Moksha; Glossary – Muhapatti; Glossary – Muni; Glossary – Murtipujak; Glossary – Namaskar Mantra; Glossary – Nigoda; Glossary – Paryushan; Glossary – Puja; Glossary – Purvas; Glossary – Sallekhana; Glossary – Samsara; Glossary – Sati; Glossary – Shvetambara; Glossary – Sthanakwasi; Glossary – Svastika; Glossary – Tap (Tapas; Tapasya); Glossary – Tattva; Glossary – Tattvartha Sutra; Glossary – Terapanthi; Glossary – Three jewels; Membership; Social aspects; Jamaica – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Pentecostalism – Date of origin; Pentecostalism – Number of followers; Pentecostalism – Early and modern leaders; Pentecostalism – Major theologians and authors; Pentecostalism – Houses of worship and holy places; Pentecostalism – What is sacred?; Pentecostalism – Holidays and festivals; Pentecostalism – Mode of dress; Pentecostalism – Dietary practices; Pentecostalism – Rituals; Pentecostalism – Rites of passage; Pentecostalism – Membership; Pentecostalism – Social justice; Pentecostalism – Social aspects; Pentecostalism – Political impact; Pentecostalism – Controversial issues; Pentecostalism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Japan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Shinto – Date of origin; Shinto – Number of followers; Shinto – Early and modern leaders; Shinto – Major theologians and authors; Shinto – Houses of worship and holy places; Shinto – What is sacred?; Shinto – Holidays and festivals; Shinto – Mode of dress; Shinto – Dietary practices; Shinto – Rituals; Shinto – Rites of passage; Shinto – Membership; Shinto – Social justice; Shinto – Social aspects; Shinto – Political impact; Shinto – Controversial issues; Shinto – Cultural impact; Buddhism – Date of origin; Buddhism – Number of followers; Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Buddhism – What is sacred?; Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – Mode of dress; Buddhism – Dietary practices; Buddhism – Rituals; Buddhism – Rites of passage; Buddhism – Membership; Buddhism – Social justice; Buddhism – Social aspects; Buddhism – Political impact; Buddhism – Controversial issues; Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Jordan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Judaism – The Menorah; Glossary – Aggadah; Glossary – Ashkenazim; Glossary – Bar mitzvah (son of commandment); Glossary – Brit Milah; Glossary – Conservative Judaism; Glossary – Diaspora; Glossary – Haggadah; Glossary – Halakhah; Glossary – Hasidism; Glossary – Kabbalah; Glossary – Kasruth; Glossary – Midrash; Glossary – Mishnah; Glossary – Orthodox Judaism; Glossary – Passover (Pesach); Glossary – Prophets (Nevi'im); Glossary – Reconstructionist Judaism; Glossary – Reform Judaism; Glossary – Rosh Hashanah; Glossary – Sanhedrin; Glossary – Sephardim; Glossary – Shabuoth (Feast of Weeks); Glossary – Talmud; Glossary – Tanakh; Glossary – Torah (Pentateuch; Law); Glossary – Writings (Ketuvim; Hagiographa); Glossary – Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement); Contemporary Midrash; Two Israeli Holidays; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Religious tolerance; Social aspects; Conservative Judaism – Overview; Conservative Judaism – Moral code of conduct; Conservative Judaism – Sacred books; Conservative Judaism – Sacred symbols; Conservative Judaism – Early and modern leaders; Conservative Judaism – Major theologians and authors; Conservative Judaism – Organizational structure; Conservative Judaism – Holidays and festivals; Conservative Judaism – Mode of dress; Conservative Judaism – Dietary practices; Conservative Judaism – Rituals; Conservative Judaism – Rites of passage; Conservative Judaism – The Masorti Movement in Israel; Conservative Judaism – Membership; Conservative Judaism – Religious tolerance; Conservative Judaism – Social justice; Conservative Judaism – Social aspects; Conservative Judaism – Cultural impact; Conservative Judaism – Bibliography; Orthodox Judaism – Overview; Orthodox Judaism – Central doctrines; Orthodox Judaism – Moral code of conduct; Orthodox Judaism – Sacred books; Orthodox Judaism – Sacred symbols; Orthodox Judaism – Major theologians and authors; Orthodox Judaism – Organizational structure; Orthodox Judaism – Houses of worship and holy places; Orthodox Judaism – What is sacred?; Orthodox Judaism – Holidays and festivals; Orthodox Judaism – Mode of dress; Orthodox Judaism – Dietary practices; Orthodox Judaism – Rituals; Orthodox Judaism – Thirteen Principles of Belief; Orthodox Judaism – Rites of passage; Orthodox Judaism – Membership; Orthodox Judaism – Religious tolerance; Orthodox Judaism – Social justice; Orthodox Judaism – Social aspects; Orthodox Judaism – Controversial issues; Orthodox Judaism – Cultural impact; Orthodox Judaism – Bibliography; Reform Judaism – Overview; Reform Judaism – Central doctrines; Reform Judaism – Moral code of conduct; Reform Judaism – Sacred books; Reform Judaism – Sacred symbols; Reform Judaism – Early and modern leaders; Reform Judaism – Major theologians and authors; Reform Judaism – Organizational structure; Reform Judaism – Houses of worship and holy places; Reform Judaism – What is sacred?; Reform Judaism – Holidays and festivals; Reform Judaism – Mode of dress; Reform Judaism – Dietary practices; Reform Judaism – Rituals; Reform Judaism – Rites of passage; Reform Judaism – Membership; Reform Judaism – Religious tolerance; Reform Judaism – Social justice; Reform Judaism – Social aspects; Reform Judaism – Cultural impact; Reform Judaism – Bibliography;
Kazakhstan – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin; Eastern Orthodoxy – Number of followers; Eastern Orthodoxy – History; Eastern Orthodoxy – Early and modern leaders; Eastern Orthodoxy – Major theologians and authors; Eastern Orthodoxy – Houses of worship and holy places; Eastern Orthodoxy – What is sacred?; Eastern Orthodoxy – Holidays and festivals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Mode of dress; Eastern Orthodoxy – Dietary practices; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rituals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rites of passage; Eastern Orthodoxy – Membership; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social justice; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social aspects; Eastern Orthodoxy – Political impact; Eastern Orthodoxy – Controversial issues; Eastern Orthodoxy – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Kenya – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Cultural impact; African traditional beliefs – Date of origin; African traditional beliefs – Number of followers; African traditional beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African traditional beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African traditional beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional beliefs – What is sacred?; African traditional beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African traditional beliefs – Mode of dress; African traditional beliefs – Dietary practices; African traditional beliefs – Rituals; African traditional beliefs – Rites of passage; African traditional beliefs – Membership; African traditional beliefs – Social justice; African traditional beliefs – Social aspects; African traditional beliefs – Political impact; African traditional beliefs – Controversial issues; African traditional beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Kiribati – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Kiribati Protestant Church – Date of origin; Kiribati Protestant Church – Number of followers; Kiribati Protestant Church – Early and modern leaders; Kiribati Protestant Church – Major theologians and authors; Kiribati Protestant Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Kiribati Protestant Church – What is sacred?; Kiribati Protestant Church – Holidays and festivals; Kiribati Protestant Church – Mode of dress; Kiribati Protestant Church – Dietary practices; Kiribati Protestant Church – Rituals; Kiribati Protestant Church – Rites of passage; Kiribati Protestant Church – Membership; Kiribati Protestant Church – Social justice; Kiribati Protestant Church – Social aspects; Kiribati Protestant Church – Political impact; Kiribati Protestant Church – Controversial issues; Kiribati Protestant Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Kuwait – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Bibliography; Kyrgyzstan – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography;
Laos – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin; Theravada Buddhism – Number of followers; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Political impact; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Latvia – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin; Evangelical Lutheranism – Number of followers; Evangelical Lutheranism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelical Lutheranism – Major theologians and authors; Evangelical Lutheranism – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelical Lutheranism – What is sacred?; Evangelical Lutheranism – Holidays and festivals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Mode of dress; Evangelical Lutheranism – Dietary practices; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rituals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rites of passage; Evangelical Lutheranism – Membership; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social justice; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social aspects; Evangelical Lutheranism – Political impact; Evangelical Lutheranism – Controversial issues; Evangelical Lutheranism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Lebanon – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Lesotho – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Liberia – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; African traditional beliefs – Date of origin; African traditional beliefs – Number of followers; African traditional beliefs – History; African traditional beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African traditional beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African traditional beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional beliefs – What is sacred?; African traditional beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African traditional beliefs – Mode of dress; African traditional beliefs – Dietary practices; African traditional beliefs – Rituals; African traditional beliefs – Rites of passage; African traditional beliefs – Membership; African traditional beliefs – Social justice; African traditional beliefs – Social aspects; African traditional beliefs – Political impact; African traditional beliefs – Controversial issues; African traditional beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Libya – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Liechtenstein – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Lithuania – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Luxembourg – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Macedonia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Macedonian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Membership; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Macedonian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Madagascar – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Traditional religion – Date of origin; Traditional religion – Number of followers; Traditional religion – History; Traditional religion – Early and modern leaders; Traditional religion – Major theologians and authors; Traditional religion – Houses of worship and holy places; Traditional religion – What is sacred?; Traditional religion – Mode of dress; Traditional religion – Dietary practices; Traditional religion – Rituals; Traditional religion – Rites of passage; Traditional religion – Membership; Traditional religion – Social justice; Traditional religion – Social aspects; Traditional religion – Political impact; Traditional religion – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Malawi – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Malaysia – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Maldives – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Mali – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Malta – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Marshall Islands – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Mauritania – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Mauritius – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – History; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Hinduism – Rituals; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Mexico – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Micronesia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Moldova – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Moldavian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Membership; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Moldavian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography*; Monaco – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Mongolia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Tibetan Buddhism – Date of origin; Tibetan Buddhism – Number of followers; Tibetan Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Tibetan Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Tibetan Buddhism – What is sacred?; Tibetan Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Tibetan Buddhism – Mode of dress; Tibetan Buddhism – Dietary practices; Tibetan Buddhism – Rituals; Tibetan Buddhism – Rites of passage; Tibetan Buddhism – Membership; Tibetan Buddhism – Social justice; Tibetan Buddhism – Social aspects; Tibetan Buddhism – Political impact; Tibetan Buddhism – Controversial issues; Tibetan Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Morocco – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Mozambique – Country overview – Religious tolerance; African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin; African indigenous beliefs – Number of followers; African indigenous beliefs – History; African indigenous beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African indigenous beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African indigenous beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African indigenous beliefs – What is sacred?; African indigenous beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African indigenous beliefs – Mode of dress; African indigenous beliefs – Dietary practices; African indigenous beliefs – Rituals; African indigenous beliefs – Rites of passage; African indigenous beliefs – Membership; African indigenous beliefs – Social justice; African indigenous beliefs – Social aspects; African indigenous beliefs – Political impact; African indigenous beliefs – Controversial issues; African indigenous beliefs – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Myanmar – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin; Theravada Buddhism – Number of followers; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Political impact; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Namibia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Nauru – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Nepal – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – History; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Hinduism – Rituals; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Buddhism – Date of origin; Buddhism – Number of followers; Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Buddhism – What is sacred?; Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – Mode of dress; Buddhism – Dietary practices; Buddhism – Rituals; Buddhism – Rites of passage; Buddhism – Membership; Buddhism – Social justice; Buddhism – Social aspects; Buddhism – Political impact; Buddhism – Controversial issues; Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Netherlands – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; New Zealand – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Nicaragua – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Niger – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Nigeria – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; North Korea – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Juche – Date of origin; Juche – Number of followers; Juche – Early and modern leaders; Juche – Major theologians and authors; Juche – Houses of worship and holy places; Juche – Holidays and festivals; Juche – Mode of dress; Juche – Dietary practices; Juche – Rituals; Juche – Rites of passage; Juche – Membership; Juche – Social justice; Juche – Social aspects; Juche – Political impact; Juche – Controversial issues; Juche – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Norway – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin; Evangelical Lutheranism – Number of followers; Evangelical Lutheranism – Early and modern leaders; Evangelical Lutheranism – Major theologians and authors; Evangelical Lutheranism – Houses of worship and holy places; Evangelical Lutheranism – What is sacred?; Evangelical Lutheranism – Holidays and festivals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Mode of dress; Evangelical Lutheranism – Dietary practices; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rituals; Evangelical Lutheranism – Rites of passage; Evangelical Lutheranism – Membership; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social justice; Evangelical Lutheranism – Social aspects; Evangelical Lutheranism – Political impact; Evangelical Lutheranism – Controversial issues; Evangelical Lutheranism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Oman – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Ibadi Islam – Date of origin; Ibadi Islam – Number of followers; Ibadi Islam – Early and modern leaders; Ibadi Islam – What is sacred?; Ibadi Islam – Holidays and festivals; Ibadi Islam – Mode of dress; Ibadi Islam – Rituals; Ibadi Islam – Rites of passage; Ibadi Islam – Membership; Ibadi Islam – Social justice; Ibadi Islam – Political impact; Ibadi Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography;
Pakistan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Palau – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Panama – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Papua New Guinea – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Paraguay – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Peru – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Philippines – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Poland – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Portugal – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Qatar – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography;
Republic of the Congo – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; African traditional religions – Date of origin; African traditional religions – Number of followers; African traditional religions – Early and modern leaders; African traditional religions – Major theologians and authors; African traditional religions – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional religions – What is sacred?; African traditional religions – Holidays and festivals; African traditional religions – Mode of dress; African traditional religions – Dietary practices; African traditional religions – Rituals; African traditional religions – Membership; African traditional religions – Social justice; African traditional religions – Social aspects; African traditional religions – Political impact; African traditional religions – Controversial issues; African traditional religions – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Romania – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Romanian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Romanian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Romanian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Romanian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Romanian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Romanian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Romanian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Romanian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Romanian Orthodox Church – Membership; Romanian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Romanian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Romanian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Romanian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Russia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Russian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Russian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Russian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Russian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Russian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Russian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Russian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Russian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Russian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Russian Orthodox Church – Rituals; Russian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Russian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Russian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Russian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Russian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Russian Orthodox Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Rwanda – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Anglicanism – Date of origin; Anglicanism – Number of followers; Anglicanism – Early and modern leaders; Anglicanism – Major theologians and authors; Anglicanism – Houses of worship and holy places; Anglicanism – What is sacred?; Anglicanism – Holidays and festivals; Anglicanism – Mode of dress; Anglicanism – Dietary practices; Anglicanism – Rituals; Anglicanism – Rites of passage; Anglicanism – Membership; Anglicanism – Social justice; Anglicanism – Social aspects; Anglicanism – Political impact; Anglicanism – Controversial issues; Anglicanism – Cultural impact; Methodism – Date of origin; Methodism – Number of followers; Methodism – History; Methodism – Early and modern leaders; Methodism – Major theologians and authors; Methodism – Houses of worship and holy places; Methodism – What is sacred?; Methodism – Holidays and festivals; Methodism – Mode of dress; Methodism – Dietary practices; Methodism – Rituals; Methodism – Rites of passage; Methodism – Membership; Methodism – Social justice; Methodism – Social aspects; Methodism – Political impact; Methodism – Controversial issues; Methodism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Saint Lucia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Anglicanism – Date of origin; Anglicanism – Number of followers; Anglicanism – History; Anglicanism – Early and modern leaders; Anglicanism – Major theologians and authors; Anglicanism – Houses of worship and holy places; Anglicanism – What is sacred?; Anglicanism – Mode of dress; Anglicanism – Dietary practices; Anglicanism – Rituals; Anglicanism – Rites of passage; Anglicanism – Membership; Anglicanism – Social justice; Anglicanism – Social aspects; Anglicanism – Political impact; Anglicanism – Controversial issues; Anglicanism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Samoa – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Date of origin; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Number of followers; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Early and modern leaders; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Major theologians and authors; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Houses of worship and holy places; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – What is sacred?; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Holidays and festivals; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Mode of dress; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Dietary practices; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Rituals; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Rites of passage; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Membership; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Social justice; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Social aspects; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Political impact; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Controversial issues; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Cultural impact; Bibliography; San Marino – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; São Tomé and Príncipe – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Saudi Arabia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Other religions; Bibliography; Senegal – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Serbia and Montenegro – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Serbian Orthodox Church – Date of origin; Serbian Orthodox Church – Number of followers; Serbian Orthodox Church – Early and modern leaders; Serbian Orthodox Church – Major theologians and authors; Serbian Orthodox Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Serbian Orthodox Church – What is sacred?; Serbian Orthodox Church – Holidays and festivals; Serbian Orthodox Church – Mode of dress; Serbian Orthodox Church – Dietary practices; Serbian Orthodox Church – Rites of passage; Serbian Orthodox Church – Membership; Serbian Orthodox Church – Social justice; Serbian Orthodox Church – Social aspects; Serbian Orthodox Church – Political impact; Serbian Orthodox Church – Controversial issues; Bibliography; Seychelles – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Shinto – Overview; Torii; Glossary – Amaterasu; Glossary – Arahitogami; Glossary – Fukko Shintō; Glossary – Gon-gūji; Glossary – Goryō; Glossary – Gūji; Glossary – Hachiman; Glossary – Harae; Glossary – Himorogi; Glossary – Hitogami; Glossary – Honji-suijaku; Glossary – Iwasaka; Glossary – Kagura; Glossary – Kami; Glossary – Kannushi; Glossary – Kegare; Glossary – Ki; Glossary – Kokugaku; Glossary – Kojiki; Glossary – Kokoro; Glossary – Man'yōshū; Glossary – Marebito; Glossary – Matsuri; Glossary – Miko; Glossary – Nihon shoki; Glossary – Negi; Glossary – Norito; Glossary – Oni; Glossary – Ubasoku (Hijiri); Glossary – Yuitsu genpon sōgen shintō; Glossary – Shinjin goitsu; Glossary – Shintai; Glossary – Torii; Central doctrines; Sacred books; Sacred symbols; What Is a Kami?; Is Shinto a Religion?; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Sierra Leone – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; African traditional religion – Date of origin; African traditional religion – Number of followers; African traditional religion – History; African traditional religion – Early and modern leaders; African traditional religion – Major theologians and authors; African traditional religion – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional religion – What is sacred?; African traditional religion – Holidays and festivals; African traditional religion – Mode of dress; African traditional religion – Dietary practices; African traditional religion – Rituals; African traditional religion – Membership; African traditional religion – Social justice; African traditional religion – Social aspects; African traditional religion – Political impact; African traditional religion – Controversial issues; African traditional religion – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Sikhism – Khanda; Glossary – Adi Granth; Glossary – Akal Purakh; Glossary – Amrit; Glossary – Dan; Glossary – Granthi; Glossary – Gurdwara; Glossary – Gurmukh; Glossary – Guru; Glossary – Guru Granth (Guru Granth Sahib); Glossary – Guru Panth; Glossary – Hukam; Glossary – Ishnan; Glossary – Janam-sakhi; Glossary – Karah prashad; Glossary – Karma; Glossary – Katha; Glossary – Kaur; Glossary – Khalsa; Glossary – Kirpan; Glossary – Kirtan; Glossary – Langar; Glossary – Nam; Glossary – Panth; Glossary – Pati; Glossary – Rahit; Glossary – Sangat; Glossary – Sansar; Glossary – Shabad; Glossary – Sikh; Glossary – Sikh Panth; Glossary – Sikh Rahit Maryada; Glossary – Singh; Glossary – Vak; The Adi Granth; Sacred symbols; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Dietary practices; Rituals; Membership; Singapore – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Buddhism – Date of origin; Buddhism – Number of followers; Buddhism – History; Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Buddhism – What is sacred?; Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – Mode of dress; Buddhism – Dietary practices; Buddhism – Rituals; Buddhism – Rites of passage; Buddhism – Membership; Buddhism – Social justice; Buddhism – Social aspects; Buddhism – Political impact; Buddhism – Controversial issues; Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Slovakia – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Slovenia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Solomon Islands – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Somalia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; South Africa – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; South Korea – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Buddhism – Date of origin; Buddhism – Number of followers; Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Buddhism – What is sacred?; Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Buddhism – Mode of dress; Buddhism – Dietary practices; Buddhism – Rites of passage; Buddhism – Social justice; Buddhism – Social aspects; Buddhism – Political impact; Buddhism – Controversial issues; Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Spain – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Sri Lanka – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin; Theravada Buddhism – Number of followers; Theravada Buddhism – Early and modern leaders; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – What is sacred?; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rituals; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Political impact; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Sudan – Country overview – Religious tolerance Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Suriname – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Hinduism – Date of origin; Hinduism – Number of followers; Hinduism – Early and modern leaders; Hinduism – Major theologians and authors; Hinduism – Houses of worship and holy places; Hinduism – What is sacred?; Hinduism – Holidays and festivals; Hinduism – Mode of dress; Hinduism – Dietary practices; Hinduism – Rituals; Hinduism – Rites of passage; Hinduism – Membership; Hinduism – Social justice; Hinduism – Social aspects; Hinduism – Political impact; Hinduism – Controversial issues; Hinduism – Cultural impact; Protestantism – Date of origin; Protestantism – Number of followers; Protestantism – Early and modern leaders; Protestantism – Major theologians and authors; Protestantism – Houses of worship and holy places; Protestantism – What is sacred?; Protestantism – Holidays and festivals; Protestantism – Mode of dress; Protestantism – Dietary practices; Protestantism – Rituals; Protestantism – Rites of passage; Protestantism – Membership; Protestantism – Social justice; Protestantism – Social aspects; Protestantism – Political impact; Protestantism – Controversial issues; Protestantism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Swaziland – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Swazi traditional religion – Date of origin; Swazi traditional religion – Number of followers; Swazi traditional religion – Early and modern leaders; Swazi traditional religion – Major theologians and authors; Swazi traditional religion – What is sacred?; Swazi traditional religion – Mode of dress; Swazi traditional religion – Dietary practices; Swazi traditional religion – Rituals; Swazi traditional religion – Membership; Swazi traditional religion – Social justice; Swazi traditional religion – Social aspects; Swazi traditional religion – Political impact; Swazi traditional religion – Controversial issues; Swazi traditional religion – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Sweden – Country overview; Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Church of Sweden – Date of origin; Church of Sweden – Number of followers; Church of Sweden – History; Church of Sweden – Early and modern leaders; Church of Sweden – Major theologians and authors; Church of Sweden – Houses of worship and holy places; Church of Sweden – What is sacred?; Church of Sweden – Holidays and festivals; Church of Sweden – Mode of dress; Church of Sweden – Dietary practices; Church of Sweden – Rituals; Church of Sweden – Rites of passage; Church of Sweden – Membership; Church of Sweden – Social justice; Church of Sweden – Social aspects; Church of Sweden – Political impact; Church of Sweden – Controversial issues; Church of Sweden – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Switzerland – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Syria – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Taiwan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Chinese religion – Date of origin; Chinese religion – Number of followers; Chinese religion – Early and modern leaders; Chinese religion – Major theologians and authors; Chinese religion – Houses of worship and holy places; Chinese religion – What is sacred?; Chinese religion – Mode of dress; Chinese religion – Dietary practices; Chinese religion – Rituals; Chinese religion – Rites of passage; Chinese religion – Membership; Chinese religion – Social justice; Chinese religion – Social aspects; Chinese religion – Political impact; Chinese religion – Controversial issues; Chinese religion – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Tajikistan – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Tanzania – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – History; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; African traditional beliefs – Date of origin; African traditional beliefs – Number of followers; African traditional beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African traditional beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African traditional beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional beliefs – What is sacred?; African traditional beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African traditional beliefs – Mode of dress; African traditional beliefs – Dietary practices; African traditional beliefs – Rituals; African traditional beliefs – Membership; African traditional beliefs – Social justice; African traditional beliefs – Social aspects; African traditional beliefs – Political impact; African traditional beliefs – Controversial issues; African traditional beliefs – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Taoism – Yin yang; Glossary – "Celestial Masters" tradition (T'ien-shih); Glossary – Chen; Glossary – Chen-jen; Glossary – Cheng-i; Glossary – Ch'i; Glossary – Chiao; Glossary – Chai; Glossary – Ch'i-kung (Qigong); Glossary – Chin dynasty; Glossary – Chin-tan; Glossary – Ch'ing dynasty; Glossary – Ching; Glossary – Ching-ming; Glossary – Ch'ing-wei; Glossary – Ch'uan-ch'i; Glossary – Chuang-tzu; Glossary – Ch'üan-chen; Glossary – Classical China; Glossary – "Dragon Gate" tradition (Lung-men); Glossary – Han dynasty; Glossary – Hsiang-erh; Glossary – Hsin; Glossary – Hsing; Glossary – Hsiu chen; Glossary – Hsiu-lien; Glossary – Hsiu tao; Glossary – Inner Alchemy; Glossary – Jurchen; Glossary – Kuan; Glossary – Lao-tzu; Glossary – Legalism; Glossary – Libationers; Glossary – Lien-shih; Glossary – Linbg-pao; Glossary – Meng-wei; Glossary – Ming; Glossary – Ming dynasty; Glossary – Mongols; Glossary – Nei-tan; Glossary – Nei-yeh; Glossary – Neo-Confucianism; Glossary – Northern Sung dynasty; Glossary – “Northern Taoism”; Glossary – Shan; Glossary – Shang-ch'ing; Glossary – Shen; Glossary – Shen-hsien; Glossary – “Southern Taoism”; Glossary – Sung dynasty; Glossary – T'ai-ch'ing; Glossary – T'ai-p'ing ching; Glossary – T'ai-p'ing; Glossary – T'ang dynasty; Glossary – Tao; Glossary – Tao-chiao; Glossary – Taoism; Glossary – Tao-shih; Glossary – Tao te ching; Glossary – Tao-tsang; Glossary – T'ien-shih; Glossary – Wai-tan; Glossary – Wu-wei; Sacred books; Sacred symbols; Early and modern leaders; Major theologians and authors; Organizational structure; “Northern Taoism” and “Southern Taoism”; Houses of worship and holy places; What is sacred?; Holidays and festivals; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; Rituals; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social justice; Social aspects; Controversial issues; Cultural impact; Bibliography; Thailand – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin; Theravada Buddhism – Number of followers; Theravada Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Theravada Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Theravada Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Theravada Buddhism – Mode of dress; Theravada Buddhism – Dietary practices; Theravada Buddhism – Rites of passage; Theravada Buddhism – Membership; Theravada Buddhism – Social justice; Theravada Buddhism – Social aspects; Theravada Buddhism – Political impact; Theravada Buddhism – Controversial issues; Theravada Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Togo – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – History; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Vodun – Number of followers; Vodun – History; Vodun – Early and modern leaders; Vodun – Major theologians and authors; Vodun – Houses of worship and holy places; Vodun – What is sacred?; Vodun – Holidays and festivals; Vodun – Mode of dress; Vodun – Dietary practices; Vodun – Rituals; Vodun – Rites of passage; Vodun – Membership; Vodun – Social justice; Vodun – Social aspects; Vodun – Political impact; Vodun – Controversial issues; Vodun – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Tonga – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Free Wesleyan Church – Date of origin; Free Wesleyan Church – Number of followers; Free Wesleyan Church – Early and modern leaders; Free Wesleyan Church – Major theologians and authors; Free Wesleyan Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Free Wesleyan Church – What is sacred?; Free Wesleyan Church – Holidays and festivals; Free Wesleyan Church – Mode of dress; Free Wesleyan Church – Dietary practices; Free Wesleyan Church – Rituals; Free Wesleyan Church – Rites of passage; Free Wesleyan Church – Membership; Free Wesleyan Church – Social justice; Free Wesleyan Church – Social aspects; Free Wesleyan Church – Political impact; Free Wesleyan Church – Controversial issues; Free Wesleyan Church – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Trinidad and Tobago – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Tunisia – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Turkey – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Mode of dress; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Rites of passage; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Turkmenistan – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Early and modern leaders; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Tuvalu – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Tuvalu Christian Church – Date of origin; Tuvalu Christian Church – Number of followers; Tuvalu Christian Church – Early and modern leaders; Tuvalu Christian Church – Major theologians and authors; Tuvalu Christian Church – Houses of worship and holy places; Tuvalu Christian Church – What is sacred?; Tuvalu Christian Church – Holidays and festivals; Tuvalu Christian Church – Mode of dress; Tuvalu Christian Church – Dietary practices; Tuvalu Christian Church – Rituals; Tuvalu Christian Church – Rites of passage; Tuvalu Christian Church – Membership; Tuvalu Christian Church – Social justice; Tuvalu Christian Church – Political impact; Tuvalu Christian Church – Controversial issues; Tuvalu Christian Church – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography;
Uganda – Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Ukraine – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin; Eastern Orthodoxy – Number of followers; Eastern Orthodoxy – Early and modern leaders; Eastern Orthodoxy – Major theologians and authors; Eastern Orthodoxy – Houses of worship and holy places; Eastern Orthodoxy – What is sacred?; Eastern Orthodoxy – Holidays and festivals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Mode of dress; Eastern Orthodoxy – Dietary practices; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rituals; Eastern Orthodoxy – Rites of passage; Eastern Orthodoxy – Membership; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social justice; Eastern Orthodoxy – Social aspects; Eastern Orthodoxy – Controversial issues; Eastern Orthodoxy – Cultural impact; Bibliography; United Arab Emirates – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Sunni Islam – Date of origin; Sunni Islam – Number of followers; Sunni Islam – History; Sunni Islam – Early and modern leaders; Sunni Islam – Major theologians and authors; Sunni Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Sunni Islam – What is sacred?; Sunni Islam – Holidays and festivals; Sunni Islam – Dietary practices; Sunni Islam – Rituals; Sunni Islam – Membership; Sunni Islam – Social justice; Sunni Islam – Social aspects; Sunni Islam – Political impact; Sunni Islam – Controversial issues; Sunni Islam – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; United Kingdom – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Church of England – Date of origin; Church of England – Number of followers; Church of England – Early and modern leaders; Church of England – Major theologians and authors; Church of England – What is sacred?; Church of England – Holidays and festivals; Church of England – Mode of dress; Church of England – Dietary practices; Church of England – Rites of passage; Church of England – Membership; Church of England – Social justice; Church of England – Social aspects; Church of England – Political impact; Church of England – Controversial issues; Church of England – Cultural impact; Bibliography; United States of America – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Protestantism – Date of origin; Protestantism – Number of followers; Protestantism – Early and modern leaders; Protestantism – Major theologians and authors; Protestantism – Houses of worship and holy places; Protestantism – What is sacred?; Protestantism – Holidays and festivals; Protestantism – Mode of dress; Protestantism – Dietary practices; Protestantism – Rituals; Protestantism – Rites of passage; Protestantism – Membership; Protestantism – Social justice; Protestantism – Social aspects; Protestantism – Political impact; Protestantism – Controversial issues; Protestantism – Cultural impact; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Native American religions – Date of origin; Native American religions – Number of followers; Native American religions – Early and modern leaders; Native American religions – Major theologians and authors; Native American religions – Houses of worship and holy places; Native American religions – What is sacred?; Native American religions – Holidays and festivals; Native American religions – Mode of dress; Native American religions – Dietary practices; Native American religions – Rituals; Native American religions – Rites of passage; Native American religions – Membership; Native American religions – Social justice; Native American religions – Social aspects; Native American religions – Political impact; Native American religions – Controversial issues; Native American religions – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Uruguay – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – History; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Uzbekistan – Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Major theologians and authors; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rituals; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Vanuatu – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues; Christianity – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Vatican City – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rituals; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Membership; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Social aspects; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Other religions; Bibliography; Venezuela – Country overview; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Roman Catholicism – Date of origin; Roman Catholicism – Number of followers; Roman Catholicism – Early and modern leaders; Roman Catholicism – Major theologians and authors; Roman Catholicism – Houses of worship and holy places; Roman Catholicism – What is sacred?; Roman Catholicism – Holidays and festivals; Roman Catholicism – Mode of dress; Roman Catholicism – Dietary practices; Roman Catholicism – Rites of passage; Roman Catholicism – Social justice; Roman Catholicism – Political impact; Roman Catholicism – Controversial issues; Roman Catholicism – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Vietnam – Country overview – Introduction; Country overview – Religious tolerance; Mahayana Buddhism – Date of origin; Mahayana Buddhism – Number of followers; Mahayana Buddhism – Major theologians and authors; Mahayana Buddhism – Houses of worship and holy places; Mahayana Buddhism – What is sacred?; Mahayana Buddhism – Holidays and festivals; Mahayana Buddhism – Mode of dress; Mahayana Buddhism – Dietary practices; Mahayana Buddhism – Rituals; Mahayana Buddhism – Rites of passage; Mahayana Buddhism – Membership; Mahayana Buddhism – Social justice; Mahayana Buddhism – Social aspects; Mahayana Buddhism – Political impact; Mahayana Buddhism – Controversial issues; Mahayana Buddhism – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Yemen – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Islam – Date of origin; Islam – Number of followers; Islam – Houses of worship and holy places; Islam – What is sacred?; Islam – Holidays and festivals; Islam – Mode of dress; Islam – Dietary practices; Islam – Rites of passage; Islam – Membership; Islam – Social justice; Islam – Social aspects; Islam – Political impact; Islam – Controversial issues; Islam – Cultural impact; Bibliography;
Zambia – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Zimbabwe – Country overview – Religious tolerance; Christianity – Date of origin; Christianity – Number of followers; Christianity – Early and modern leaders; Christianity – Major theologians and authors; Christianity – Houses of worship and holy places; Christianity – What is sacred?; Christianity – Holidays and festivals; Christianity – Mode of dress; Christianity – Dietary practices; Christianity – Rituals; Christianity – Rites of passage; Christianity – Membership; Christianity – Social justice; Christianity – Social aspects; Christianity – Political impact; Christianity – Controversial issues*; Christianity – Cultural impact; African traditional beliefs – Date of origin; African traditional beliefs – Number of followers; African traditional beliefs – Early and modern leaders; African traditional beliefs – Major theologians and authors; African traditional beliefs – Houses of worship and holy places; African traditional beliefs – What is sacred?; African traditional beliefs – Holidays and festivals; African traditional beliefs – Mode of dress; African traditional beliefs – Dietary practices; African traditional beliefs – Rituals; African traditional beliefs – Rites of passage; African traditional beliefs – Membership; African traditional beliefs – Social justice; African traditional beliefs – Social aspects; African traditional beliefs – Political impact; African traditional beliefs – Controversial issues; African traditional beliefs – Cultural impact; Bibliography; Zoroastrianism – Overview; The Guardian Spirit; Glossary – Achaemenian dynasty; Glossary – Afrinagan; Glossary – Ahura Mazda; Glossary – Amesha Spentas; Glossary – Angra Mainyu; Glossary – Asha; Glossary – Atashkadeh; Glossary – Avestan; Glossary – Barashnum; Glossary – Daeva; Glossary – Dakhma; Glossary – Dar-i Mihr; Glossary – Dastur; Glossary – Fasli; Glossary – Frashkard; Glossary – Gathic; Glossary – Getig; Glossary – Gahambar; Glossary – Gāthā; Glossary – Haoma; Glossary – Jashan; Glossary – Kusti; Glossary – Magi; Glossary – Pahlavi; Glossary – Parahom; Glossary – Parsi; Glossary – Qadimi; Glossary – Raspi; Glossary – Sadre; Glossary – Sasanian dynasty; Glossary – Spenta Mainyu; Glossary – Yasht; Glossary – Yasna; Glossary – Yazata; Glossary – Zaotar; Glossary – Zardushti; Glossary – Zoroaster; Glossary – Zoroastrianism; Glossary – Zot; Sacred symbols; The Impact of Zoroastrianism on Major Religions; Organizational structure; What is sacred?; Mode of dress; Dietary practices; The Diminishing Population of Zoroastrians; Rites of passage; Membership; Religious tolerance; Social aspects;
Subarticles
Introduction – Common elements in religious practice***; Geographic variations in religious practice*; Trends in contemporary religion**; An invitation to explore*;
Introduction – Common elements in religious practice – Rituals**; Celebrations and observances*; Scripture**; Theology**; Ethics**; Observance and explanation of death**;
Afghanistan – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 99%);
Afghanistan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Afghanistan – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
African traditional religions – Overview**; History**; Gye Nyame*; Central doctrines***; Glossary**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred Kingship*; Sacred books**; Early and modern leaders**; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What Is Sacred**; Holidays/Festivals**; Racism in the Early Study of African Religions*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices**; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership**; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**;
Albania – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 60-80%; Orthodox Christian – 15-20%; Roman Catholic 10-15%; Other – <5%);
Albania – Country overview - Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Albania – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Algeria – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 97%; Christian and Jewish – 1%; Atheist – 2%);
Algeria – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Algeria – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Andorra – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 60%; Nonreligious and other – 40%;)
Andorra – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Andorra – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Angola – Country overview**; African indigenous beliefs***; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*;
Angola – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*; (African indigenous beliefs – 47%; Roman Catholicism – 38%; Protestant – 15%);
Angola – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Angola – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Antigua and Barbuda – Country overview**; Anglicanism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 45%; Moravian – 12%; Methodist – 9.1%; Seventh-day Adventist – 8.8%; Roman Catholic – 8%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 1.45%; Rastafarian – 0.8%; Other – 14.85%);
Antigua and Barbuda – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Antigua and Barbuda – Anglicanism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Argentina – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 88%; Protestant – 7%; Muslim – 2%; Jewish – 1.5%; Other or nonaffiliated – 1.5%);
Argentina – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Argentina – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Armenia – Country overview**; Armenian Apostolic Church***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Armenian Apostolic – 94%; Other Christian – 4%; Other – 2%);
Armenia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Armenia – Armenian Apostolic Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Australia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 26.7%; Anglican – 20.7%; Uniting Church in Australia – 6.7%; Presbyterian – 3.4%; Other Christian – 8.5%; Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish – 4.4%; Other – 29.6%);
Australia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Australia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**;
Austria – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 73.6%; Protestant – 4.7%; Muslim – 4.2%; Jewish – 0.1%; Nonreligious – 12%; Not indicated – 2%; Other – 3.4%);
Austria – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Austria – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Azerbaijan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 86%; Other – 14%);
Azerbaijan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Azerbaijan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bahá'í Faith – Overview**; Nine-pointed star*; History***; Central doctrines***; Glossary**; Racism and Racial Prejudice: A Passage from the Administrative Texts*; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Bahaullah, the founder of the Bahá'í faith, on How to Live One's Life*; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What Is Sacred*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography*;
Bahá'í Faith – Glossary – Babi*; Baha*; Hand of the Cause of God*; Huququllah*; Manifestation of God*; Nineteen Day Feast*; Qiblih*; Universal House of Justice*; Ya Baha ul-abha*;
The Bahamas – Country overview**; Baptist churches***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Baptist – 35.4%; Anglican – 15.2%; Roman Catholic – 13.5%; Pentecostal – 12.9%; Methodist – 4.3%; Seventh-day Adventist – 3.6%; No religious affiliation – 2.9%; Other – 12.2%);
The Bahamas – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
The Bahamas – Baptist churches – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bahrain – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*;
Bahrain – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Bahrain – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bangladesh – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 88%; Hindu – 10%; Other – 2%);
Bangladesh – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Bangladesh – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Barbados – Country overview**; Anglican church***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 33%; Pentecostal – 12.7%; Methodist – 5.9%; Seventh-day Adventist – 4.5%; Roman Catholic – 4.4%; Other – 16.7%; Not stated – 22.8%);
Barbados – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Barbados – Anglican Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Belarus – Country overview**; Belarusan Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 33%; Pentecostal – 12.7%; Methodist – 5.9%; Seventh-day Adventist – 4.5%; Roman Catholic – 4.4%; Other – 16.7%; Not stated – 22.8%);
Belarus – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Belarus – Belarusan Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Belgium – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 85.6%; Muslim – 3%; Anglican and Other Protestant – 1.7%; Orthodox Christian – 0.3%; Jewish – 0.1%; Nonaffiliated and other – 9.3%);
Belgium – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Belgium – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Belize – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Protestantism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 49.6%; Protestantism – 27.0%; Other – 14.0%; Nonreligious – 9.4%);
Belize – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Belize – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Belize – Protestantism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Benin – Country overview**; Vodun***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Vodun – 57%; Roman Catholic – 21%; Muslim – 15%; Protestant – 4%; Independent – 3%);
Benin – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Benin – Vodun – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bhutan – Country overview**; Tibetan Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Nyingmapa Buddhist – 45%; Drukpa Kagyudpa Buddhist – 40%; Hindu – 14%; Other – 1%);
Bhutan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Bhutan – Tibetan Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices**; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Bolivia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 79.3%; Protestant – 10.1%; Nonreligious – 9.4%; Other – 1.2%);
Bolivia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Bolivia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Serbian Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 40%; Orthodox Christian – 31%; Roman Catholic – 15%; Protestant – 4%; Other – 10%);
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Serbian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Botswana – Country overview**; African indigenous religions***; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (African indigenous beliefs – 65%; Christian – 34.18%; Other – 0.82%);
Botswana – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Botswana – African indigenous religions – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Botswana – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Brazil – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions***; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 75.0%; Historical Protestant – 12.5%; Pentecostal and Neo-Pentecostal – 7.0%; Spirit – 3.0%; Afro-Brazilian – 1.5%; Shinto, Buddhist, Jewish, indigenous – 1.0%);
Brazil – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Brazil – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Brunei – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*;
Brunei – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Brunei – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Buddhism – Overview**; Wheel of the Dharma*; History***; Central doctrines***; Glossary**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; The Practice of Deity Yoga*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Temporary Ordination*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**; Mahayana Buddhism***; Theravada Buddhism***; Tibetan Buddhism***;
Buddhism – Mahayana Buddhism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; The Bodhisattva*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Buddhism – Theravada Buddhism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines***; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography**;
Buddhism – Tibetan Buddhism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Exorcisms*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Bulgaria – Country overview**; Orthodox Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Eastern Orthodox – 82.6%; Muslim – 12.2%; Roman Catholic – 0.6%; Protestant – 0.5%; Other – 4.1%);
Bulgaria – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Bulgaria – Orthodox Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Burkina Faso – Country overview**; Islam***; Traditional beliefs***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 55%; Traditional – 24%; Roman Catholic – 17%; Protestant – 3%; Other – 1%);
Burkina Faso – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Burkina Faso – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Burkina Faso – Traditional beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Burundi – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 62%; African indigenous beliefs – 23%; Protestant – 13%; Muslim – 2%);
Burundi – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Burundi – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cambodia – Country overview*; Theravada Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Theravada Buddhism – 89%; Mahayana Buddhism – 5%; Muslim – 3%; Other – 3%);
Cambodia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Cambodia – Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cameroon – Country overview**; Christianity***; African indigenous beliefs***; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 34.7%; African indigenous beliefs – 26%; Muslim – 21.8%; Protestant – 17.5);
Cameroon – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Cameroon – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cameroon – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cameroon – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Canada – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other Christian denominations***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 45.7%; Protestant – 36.2%; Other – 5.6%; No preference – 12.5%);
Canada – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance**;
Canada – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Canada – Other Christian denominations – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cape Verde – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 95%; Protestant – 5%);
Cape Verde – Country overview**; Religious tolerance*;
Cape Verde – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Central African Republic – Country overview*; Christianity***; African indigenous beliefs***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 50%; Traditional – 25%; Muslim – 15%; Other – 10%);
Central African Republic – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Central African Republic – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Central African Republic – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Chad – Country overview**; Islam***; African indigenous beliefs***; Christianity**; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 90%; African indigenous beliefs – 30%; Christianity – 29.9%; Other (Jehovah's Witnesses, Baha'i) – 0.1%);
Chad – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Chad – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Chad – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Chad – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Chile – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 77%; Evangelical Protestant – 12%; Other Protestant – 1%; Atheist/nonreligious – 6%; Other – 4%);
Chile – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Chile – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
China – Country overview**; Chinese popular religions***; Buddhism***; Christianity***; Other religions***; Bibliography**; (Chinese popular religionist – 29.2%; Buddhist – 8%; Atheist – 8.1%; Christian – 6.5%; Tribal religionist – 4.3%; Muslim – 1.7%; Nonreligionist – 42.1%; Other – <0.1%);
China – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
China – Chinese popular religions – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
China – Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
China – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Christianity – Overview**; Cross*; History***; Central doctrines***; Moral code of conduct***; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices**; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership**; Religious tolerance**; Social justice**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Glossary**; Cultural impact***; African Initiated Churches**; Christianity and Feminism**; Bibliography**; Anglicanism (Episcopalianism)***; Baptist tradition***; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints***; Coptic Christianity***; Eastern Christianity***; Eastern Orthodoxy***; Evangelicalism***; Jehovah's Witnesses***; Lutheranism***; Methodism***; Pentecostalism***; Protestantism***; Reformed Christianity***; Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)***; Roman Catholicism***; Seventh-day Adventists***; Unitarianism and Universalism***; United Church of Christ***;
Christianity – Anglicanism (Episcopalianism) – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; The Controversy over a Gay Bishop*; Bibliography**;
Christianity – Baptist tradition – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Diversity among Baptists*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; The Latter-day Saint movement*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Coptic Christianity – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; Coptic Monastic Life and Church Renewal*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Eastern Christianity – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Eastern Orthodoxy – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Icons*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Evangelicalism – Overview*; History*; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Explosive Growth*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Jehovah's Witnesses – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; The Slave Class*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Lutheranism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; The Small Catechism*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Methodism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; The Name "Methodist"*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Pentecostalism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Numbers of Pentecostal Groups*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Protestantism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Priesthood of All Believers*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Reformed Christianity – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; The Word of God*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Quotes from George Fox, Founder of the Quakers*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Roman Catholicism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*; The Second Vatican Council*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Seventh-day Adventists – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Seventh-day Adventist: What's in a Name?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – Unitarianism and Universalism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Evolution of a Unitarian Martyr*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Christianity – United Church of Christ – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; From the Preamble, UCC Constitution*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Colombia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 81%; Other Christian – 10%; Evangelical – 3.5%; Other – 3.6%; Nonreligious – 1.9%);
Colombia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Colombia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Comoros – Country overview*; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 98%; Other – 2%);
Comoros – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Comoros – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Confucianism – Overview**; History***; Ru*; Glossary**; Central doctrines***; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols**; Early and modern leaders***; Is Confucianism a Religion?*; Major theologians and authors***; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices**; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Confucian Civil Religion**; Bibliography**;
Confucianism – Glossary – De*; Five Scriptures*; Four Books*; Haoxue*; Jingzuo*; Li (cosmic ordering principle)*; Li (norms for human interactions)*; Liangzhi*; Lixue*; Neisheng waiwang*; Qi*; Ren*; Renzheng*; Renyu*; Tao (Dao)*; Three Bonds*; Tian*; Tianli*; Tianming*; Xin*; Xing*; Xinxue*; Yi*;
Costa Rica – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 70.1%; Protestant – 18%; Other religions – 1.8%; Nonreligious – 10.1%);
Costa Rica – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Costa Rica – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Côte d'Ivoire – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; African indigenous beliefs***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 38.5%; African indigenous – 31.5%; Roman Catholic – 19.5%; Protestant – 6%; Harrist – 1.5%; Other Christian – 3.0%);
Côte d'Ivoire – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Côte d'Ivoire – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Côte d'Ivoire – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Croatia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 87.83%; Eastern Orthodox – 4.42%; Other Christian – 0.58%; Other – 1.4%; Agnostic, undeclared, not religious, or unknown – 5.77%);
Croatia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Croatia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cuba – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 47%; Protestant – 4%; Santeria (Afro-Cuban religions) – 2%; Jewish – 0.01%; No stated religious affiliation – 46.99%);
Cuba – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Cuba – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Cyprus – Country overview*; Eastern Orthodoxy***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Eastern Orthodox Christian – 78%; Sunni Muslim – 18%; Other – 4%);
Cyprus – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Cyprus – Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Czech Republic – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 26.3%; Czech Evangelical Church of the Brethren – 1.3%; Czechoslovak Hussite Church – 0.9%; Other religions (including Jewish, Buddhist, Muslim) – 3.1%; Unknown – 10.1%; Without religious affiliation – 58.3%);
Czech Republic – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Czech Republic – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Democratic Republic of the Congo – Country overview**; Christianity; African indigenous beliefs**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 43%; Protestant – 22%; Independent Christian (including Kimbanguist church) – 30%; Muslim – 1.5%; Traditional – 3.5%);
Democratic Republic of the Congo – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Democratic Republic of the Congo – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Democratic Republic of the Congo – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Denmark – Country overview**; Evangelical Lutheranism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Evangelical Lutheran – 86%; Muslim – 1.9%; Other – 2.1%; Nonaffiliated – 10%);
Denmark – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Denmark – Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Djibouti – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 94%; Christian – 6%);
Djibouti – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Djibouti – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Dominica – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 70.0%; Seventh-day Adventist – 4.7%; Pentecostal – 4.3%; Methodist – 4.2%; Baptist – 2.8%; Anglican – 0.7%; Other (including Bahai, Muslim, Rastafarian) – 13.3%);
Dominica – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Dominica – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Dominican Republic – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 89.3%; Protestant – 8.1%; Other – 2.6%);
Dominican Republic – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Dominican Republic – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
East Timor – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 94.6%; Other – 5.4%);
East Timor – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
East Timor – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Ecuador – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 87%; Protestant – 10%; Nonreligious – 2%; Other – 1%);
Ecuador – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Ecuador – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Egypt – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 90%; Copt – 9%; Other (Anglican, Armenian, Catholic, Armenian Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Jewish, Maronite, Protestant, Roman Catholic, and Syrian Catholic – 1.0%);
Egypt – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Egypt – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
El Salvador – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 56.7%; Protestant – 17.8%; Nondeclared – 23.2%; Other – 2.3%);
El Salvador – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
El Salvador – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers**; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Equatorial Guinea – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 80%; Protestant – 5%; Muslim – 4.1%; African traditional – 3.4%; Animist – 2.1%; Bahai – 0.5%; Nonreligious – 4.9%);
Equatorial Guinea – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Equatorial Guinea – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Eritrea – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Orthodox Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 50%; Orthodox Christian (Tewahedo) – 40%; Eastern Catholic (Eastern Rite) and Roman Catholic – 5.5%; Protestant – 2.4%; African indigenous beliefs – 1%; Seventh-day Adventist – 0.5%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 0.5%; Other (Buddhist, Hindu, Bahai) – 0.1%);
Eritrea – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Eritrea – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Eritrea – Orthodox Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Estonia – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Lutheran – 14.0%; Orthodox church – 13.0%; Other Christian – 1.4%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 0.3%; Muslim – 0.1% Animist – 0.1%; Atheist – 6.1%; Other religions – 0.2%; Religiously indifferent or undetermined – 64.8%);
Estonia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Estonia – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Ethiopia – Country overview**; Ethiopian Orthodox Church***; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Ethiopian Orthodox Church – 48%; Islam – 34%; Evangelical/Charismatic – 12%; Neo-charismatic – 0.5%; Roman Catholic – 1.5%; Indigenous religions – 4%);
Ethiopia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Ethiopia – Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Ethiopia – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Fiji – Country overview**; Christianity***; Hinduism***; Other religions*; Reference*; (Christian – 54.9%; Hindu – 36.6%; Muslim – 7.7%; Other – 0.8%);
Fiji – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Fiji – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Fiji – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Finland – Country overview**; Lutheranism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Evangelical Lutheran – 84.9%; Orthodox Christian – 1.1%; Pentecostal – 1.1%; Other – 1.1%; Nonaffiliated – 11.9%);
Finland – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Finland – Lutheranism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
France – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions; Bibliography; (Roman Catholic – 85%; Muslim – 5%; Protestant – 2%; Jewish – 1%; Other (Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism) – 2%; Unaffiliated – 5%);
France – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
France – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Gabon – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 90.6%; Muslim – 4.6%; African indigenous beliefs – 3.1%; Nonreligious – 1.1%; Other – 0.6%);
Gabon – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Gabon – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Gambia – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Islam – 90%; Christian – 9%; African indigenous beliefs – 1%);
Gambia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Gambia – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Georgia – Country overview**; Georgian Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Georgian Orthodox – 70%; Muslim – 10%; Armenian Apostolic – 8%; Russian Orthodox – 5%; Other – 7%);
Georgia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Georgia – Georgian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Germany – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 34.8%; Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) – 34.4%; Evangelical free churches – 1.8%; Other Christian – 1.8%; Other religions – 3.2%; No religious affiliation – 24.0%);
Germany – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Germany – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Ghana – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 16%; Roman Catholic – 15%; African independent churches – 14%; Presbyterian – 12%; African indigenous beliefs – 21%; Pentecostal – 8%; Methodist – 7%; Other – 7%);
Ghana – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Ghana – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Greece – Country overview**; Greek Orthodox Church***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Eastern Orthodox – 97%; Muslim – 1.3%; Roman Catholic – 0.6%; Protestant – 0.2%l Jewish – 0.05%; Other – 0.85%);
Greece – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Greece – Greek Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Grenada – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 54.3%; Anglican – 20%; Other – 25.7%);
Grenada – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Grenada – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guatemala – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Maya spirituality***; Evangelicalism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 51%; Maya spirituality – 24%; Evangelical – 24%; Other – 1%);
Guatemala – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Guatemala – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guatemala – Maya spirituality – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guatemala – Evangelicalism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guinea – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 85%; Christian – 10%; Other – 5%);
Guinea – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Guinea – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guinea-Bissau – Country overview**; African indigenous beliefs***; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (African indigenous beliefs – 65%; Islam – 30%; Christianity (Roman Catholic and Protestant) – 5%);
Guinea-Bissau – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Guinea-Bissau – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guinea-Bissau – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Guyana – Country overview**; Hinduism**; Protestantism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Hindu – 35.0%; Anglican – 13.8%; Roman Catholic – 10.0%; Islam – 8.0%; Pentecostal – 7.5%; Seventh-day Adventist – 4.5%; Methodist – 2.6%; Other Christian – 4.5%; Not stated/other – 11.0%; None – 3.1%);
Guyana – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Guyana – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Guyana – Protestantism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Haiti – Country overview**; Vodou***; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Vodouist – 80%; Christian (Roman Catholic, Protestant) – 93%; Other (Jewish, Santerian, Rastafarian, Mormon) – 7%);
Haiti – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Haiti – Vodou – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Haiti – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Hinduism – Overview**; History***; Om*; Central doctrines***; Glossary***; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books***; Sacred symbols**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; The Tilaka and Religious Affiliation*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices**; Women's Contribution to the Hindu Tradition*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**; Shaivism***; Vaishnavism***;
Hinduism – Shaivism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Shaivite Tantra**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography**;
Hinduism – Vaishnavism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; Vaishnava Theology*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Honduras – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 86%; Protestant – 11%; Spiritist – 1%; Bahai – 0.5%; Nonreligious and other – 1.5%);
Honduras – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Honduras – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Hungary – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 51.9%; Reformed – 15.9%; Lutheran – 3.0%; Greek Catholic – 2.6%; Nonreligious – 25.4%; Other – 1.2%);
Hungary – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Hungary – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Iceland – Country overview**; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – 86.6%; Other Evangelical Lutheran – 4.3%; Roman Catholic – 1.8%; Other Protestant (Pentecostal, Seventh-day Adventist, Other) – 1.3%; Mormon – 0.2%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 0.2%; Orthodox (Russian and Serbian) – 0.1%; Other (Buddhist, Muslim, Bahai, Asa) – 0.6%; Not registered – 4.9%;
Iceland – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Iceland – Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
India – Country overview**; Hinduism***; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Hindu – 80%; Muslim – 14%; Christian – 2.4%; Sikh – 2%; Buddhist – 0.7%; Jain – 0.5%; Other – 0.4%);
India – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
India – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices**; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
India – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Indonesia – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 88.8%; Protestant – 5%; Catholic – 2.9%; Hindu – 2.4%; Buddhist – 0.7%; Other – 0.2%);
Indonesia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Indonesia – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Iran – Country overview**; Shia Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Shiite Islam – 91%; Sunni Muslim – 7.8%; Other – 1.2%);
Iran – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Iran – Shia Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Iraq – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Shiite Islam – 55%; Sunni Islam – 40%; Christian and other – 5%);
Iraq – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Iraq – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Ireland – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 90%; Anglican (Church of Ireland) – 2.7%; Presbyterian – 0.75%; Methodist – 0.13%; Jewish, Muslim, and other – 6.42%);
Ireland – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Ireland – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Islam – Overview***; Crescent Moon and Star*; History**; Glossary**; Central doctrines***; Islamic Law**; Moral code of conduct***; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols**; Early and modern leaders***; Major theologians and authors***; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices**; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership**; Religious tolerance**; Social justice**; Sunnis and Shiites**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**; Shiism***; Sunnism***;
Islam – Glossary – Al-hajj (al-hajji)*; Allah*; Caliph*; Dawa*; Dhimmi*; Dua*; Fast of Ramadan*; Fatwa*; Five Pillars of Islam*; Ghusl*; Hadith*; Hajj*; Halal*; Hijab*; Hijra (Hegira)*; Imam*; Islam (submission)*; Jihad*; Jizya*; Juma*; Kaaba*; Koran (Quran)*; Madrasah*; Masjid*; Mihrab*; Millet*; Minbar*; People of the Book*; Riba*; Sadaqah*; Salat*; Shahadah*; Shariah*; Shiite*; Sufi*; Sunnah*; Sunni*; Surah*; Tawhid*; Ulama*; Ummah*; Wali*; Wudu*; Zakat*;
Islam – Shiism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; The Love for ahl al-bayt**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Seveners and Fivers**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**; Bibliography*;
Islam – Sunnism – Overview**; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; The Ideal Leader of an Islamic State*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Israel – Country overview**; Judaism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Jewish – 80.1%; Muslim – 14.6%; Christian – 2.1%; Other – 3.2%);
Israel – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Israel – Judaism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Italy – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 98%; Other – 2%);
Italy – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Italy – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Jainism – Overview**; History***; Universal Jain Symbol*; Central doctrines***; Preponderance of Nuns over Monks**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices**; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Glossary***; Membership*; Religious tolerance**; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; A Narrative of Jain Values**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**;
Jamaica – Country overview**; Pentecostalism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Pentecostal – 33.29%; Seventh-day Adventist – 10.84%; Baptist – 7.27%; Anglican – 3.6%; Rastafarian – 0.93%; Other – 23.12%; Nonreligious – 20.95%);
Jamaica – Country overview – Introduction **; Religious tolerance*;
Jamaica – Pentecostalism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Japan – Country overview**; Shinto***; Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Shintoist and/or Buddhist – 90%; “new religions” – ~10%; Other – ~1%);
Japan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Japan – Shinto – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Japan – Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Jordan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 93%; Christian – 5.5%; Shiite Muslim – 1%; Druze – 0.3%; Bahai – 0.2%);
Jordan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Jordan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Judaism – Overview**; History***; The Menorah*; Glossary***; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols**; Early and modern leaders***; Major theologians and authors***; Contemporary Midrash*; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Two Israeli Holidays*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership**; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**; Conservative Judaism***; Orthodox Judaism***; Reform Judaism***;
Judaism – Conservative Judaism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; The Masorti Movement in Israel*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Judaism – Orthodox Judaism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Thirteen Principles of Belief*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Judaism – Reform Judaism – Overview*; History**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct*; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; The Platform of Reform Judaism**; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Kazakhstan – Country overview**; Islam***; Eastern Orthodoxy**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 63%; Orthodox Christian – 32%; Catholic – 3%; Protestant – 1%; Other – 1%);
Kazakhstan – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Kazakhstan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Kazakhstan – Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Kenya – Country overview**; Christianity***; African traditional beliefs***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 66%; African traditional beliefs – 28.7%; Muslim – 5%; Other – 0.3%);
Kenya – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Kenya – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Kenya – African traditional beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Kiribati – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Kiribati Protestant Church**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 53.5%; Kiribati Protestant – 39.2%; Baha'i – 2.4%; Seventh-day Adventist – 1.9%; Mormon – 1.7%; Church of God, Assembly of God – 1.3%);
Kiribati – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Kiribati – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Kiribati – Kiribati Protestant Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Kuwait – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 59.5%; Shiite Muslim – 25.5%; Buddhist, Catholic, Protestant, Sikh and other – 15%);
Kuwait – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Kuwait – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**;
Kyrgyzstan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 85%; Christian – 13%; Other – 2%);
Kyrgyzstan – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Kyrgyzstan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Laos – Country overview**; Theravada Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Theravada Buddhist – 60%; Christian (Roman Catholic, Lao Evangelical Church, Seventh-day Adventist) – 2-3%; Other (Hindu, Bahai, Chinese religions, Muslim, Mahayana Buddhist, as well as indigenous religions involving spirit beliefs and/or ancestor worship among the Tai Dam, Khmu, Hmong, Mien, Lao Huay, etc.) – 37-38%);
Laos – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Laos – Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Latvia – Country overview**; Evangelical Lutheranism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Evangelical Lutheran – 26.4%; Roman Catholic – 17.3%; Orthodox – 8.7%; Jewish – 0.02%; Other, including unaffiliated – 47.58%);
Latvia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Latvia – Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Lebanon – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Shiite Muslim – 41%; Sunni Muslim – 27%; Maronite – 18%; Druze – 7%; Greek Orthodox – 5%; Greek Catholic – 3%; Other – 1%);
Lebanon – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Lebanon – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Lesotho – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Catholic – 50%; Evangelical – 25%; Anglican – 10%; African indigenous beliefs – 9%; Other Protestant – 5%; Muslim, Bahai, and other – 1%);
Lesotho – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Lesotho – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Liberia – Country overview**; Christianity***; African traditional beliefs**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian (Lutheran, Baptist, Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, United Methodist, African Methodist Episcopal, AME Zion) – 40%; African traditional beliefs – 40%; Muslim – 20%);
Liberia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Liberia – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Liberia – African traditional beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Libya – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 98%; Christian – 1%; Other – 1%);
Libya – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Libya – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Liechtenstein – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 78%; Protestant – 8%; Muslim – 5%; Eastern Orthodox – 1%; Not religious – 3%; Other or no answer – 5%);
Liechtenstein – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Liechtenstein – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Lithuania – Country overview*; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 72.6%; Orthodox Christian – 6.5%; Protestant – 1.6%; Muslim – 0.1%; Jewish – 0.1%; Ethnoreloigious – 0.1%; Unaffiliated – 19%);
Lithuania – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Lithuania – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Luxembourg – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 65.9%; Protestant – 1.2%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 0.8%; Muslim – 0.7%; Jewish – 0.5%; Orthodox Christian – 0.5%; Other – 0.9%; Nonreligious – 29.5%);
Luxembourg – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Luxembourg – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Macedonia – Country overview**; Macedonian Orthodox Church***; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Macedonian Orthodox – 66.3%; Muslim – 30%; Serbian Orthodox – 1.9%; Roman Catholic – 0.5%; Greek Catholic – 0.3%; Protestant – 0.3%; Atheist – 0.3%; Other – 0.4%);
Macedonia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Macedonia – Macedonian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Macedonia – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Madagascar – Country overview**; Christianity***; Traditional religion***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 48%; Traditional religion – 46%; Muslim – 5,4%; Other – 0.6%);
Madagascar – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Madagascar – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Madagascar – Traditional religion – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Malawi – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Malawi – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Malaysia – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 61%; Buddhist – 19%; Christian – 9%; Hindu – 6%; Chinese religions – 3%; Other – 2%);
Malaysia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Malaysia – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Maldives – Country overview**; Sunni Islam; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Sunni Islam – 100%);
Maldives – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Maldives – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mali – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 85-90%; African indigenous beliefs – 8-10%; Christian – 1-2%);
Mali – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Mali – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Malta – Country overview*; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 97.7%; Protestant – 1.0%; Other – 1.3%);
Malta – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Malta – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Marshall Islands – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Christianity – 90%; Other – 10%);
Marshall Islands – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Marshall Islands – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mauritania – Country overview*; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 100%);
Mauritania – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Mauritania – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mauritius – Country overview**; Hinduism**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Hindu – 52%; Roman Catholic – 26%; Muslim – 16.6%; Protestant – 2.3%; Other – 3.1%);
Mauritius – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Mauritius – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mauritius – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mexico – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 88.0%; Protestant – 5.8%; Nonreligious – 4.3%; Other – 1.9%);
Mexico – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Mexico – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Micronesia – Country overview**; Christianity; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Christian – 98.5%; Other – 1.5%);
Micronesia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Micronesia – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Moldova – Country overview**; Moldavian Orthodox Church***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Orthodox Christian – 83.8%; Other Christian – 4.2%; Jewish – 0.8%; Other – 1.0%; Nonreligious – 10.2%);
Moldova – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Moldova – Moldavian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Monaco – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 90%; Other – 10%);
Monaco – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Monaco – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mongolia – Country overview**; Tibetan Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Tibetan Buddhist – 96%; Other (Bahai, Christian, Jehovah's Witness, Muslim, Shamanist) – 4%);
Mongolia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Mongolia – Tibetan Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Morocco – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 98.7%; Christian – 1.1%; Jewish – 0.2%);
Morocco – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Morocco – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mozambique – Country overview**; African indigenous beliefs***; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography**; (African indigenous beliefs – 49.5%; Christian – 30%; Muslim – 20%; Hindu – 0.5%);
Mozambique – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Mozambique – African indigenous beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Mozambique – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Myanmar – Country overview**; Theravada Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Buddhist – 87.2%; Christian – 5.6%; Muslim – 3.6%; Hindu – 1.0%; Other – 2.6%);
Myanmar – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Myanmar – Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Namibia – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Lutheran – 44%; African indigenous beliefs – 20%; Roman Catholic – 18%; Dutch Reformed – 4%; Anglican – 4%; Muslim – 3%; Other (African Methodist Episcopal, Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist, Mormon, Jewish, Hindu, Bahai) – 7%);
Namibia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Namibia – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nauru – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Christian – 84%; Buddhist – 15%; Other – 1%);
Nauru – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Nauru – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nepal – Country overview**; Hinduism***; Buddhism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Hindu – 81%; Buddhist – 11%; Other (Baha'i, Christian, Muslim, Jain, Sikh) – 8%);
Nepal – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Nepal – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nepal – Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Netherlands – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 31%; Protestant – 21%; Muslim – 5.3%; Other – 2.7%; Nonreligious – 40%);
Netherlands – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Netherlands – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
New Zealand – Country overview**; Christianity; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 17%; Protestant – 21%; Roman Catholic – 15%; Maori Christian (Ratana and Ringatu) – 1.5%; Other Christian – 5%; Buddhist – 1%; Hindu – 1%; Islam - 0.5%; Other – 1%; Nonreligious – 37%);
New Zealand – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
New Zealand – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nicaragua – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 75.9%; Protestant – 18.7%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 1.4%; Other – 4.0%);
Nicaragua – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Nicaragua – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Niger – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 86%; African indigenous beliefs – 11%; Christian and other – 1%);
Niger – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Niger – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nigeria – Country overview**; Islam***; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 50%; Christian – 40%; Traditional – 10%);
Nigeria – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Nigeria – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Nigeria – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
North Korea – Country overview**; Juche***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Juche – 20-70%; Chendogyo, Buddhist, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Folk religionist) - >0.2%); Nonreligious – 20-70%);
North Korea – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
North Korea – Juche – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Norway – Country overview**; Evangelical Lutheranism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Evangelical Lutheran – 86%; Other Protestant – 2%; Roman Catholic – 1%; Other religions (including Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist) – 2%; None – 9%);
Norway – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Norway – Evangelical Lutheranism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Oman – Country overview**; Ibadi Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Ibadi Islam – 75%; Other (Sunni and Shia Islam; Hindu) – 25%);
Oman – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Oman – Ibadi Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices**; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Pakistan – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 81%; Shia Muslim – 15%; Hindu – 2.02%; Christian – 1.63%; Other – 0.35%);
Pakistan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Pakistan – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Palau – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 42%; Evangelical – 22%; Modekngei – 9%; Seventh-day Adventist – 6%; Other – 6%; Unknown or no religious affiliation – 15%);
Palau – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Palau – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Panama – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 78%; Protestant – 12%; Muslim – 4.4%; Bahai – 1.2%; Buddhist – 0.8%; Indigenous – 0.7%; Other – 2.9%);
Panama – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Panama – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Papua New Guinea – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 27.1%; Evangelical Lutheran – 19.5%; United Church – 11.5%; Seventh-day Adventist – 10.1%; Pentecostal – 8.6%; Evangelical Alliance – 5.2%; Anglican – 3.2%; Baptist – 2.5%; Other Christian – 8.1%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 0.4%; Mormon – 0.4%; Other religion (Buddhist, Muslim, etc.) - 0.3%; Bahai – 0.3%; Not stated – 2.0%);
Papua New Guinea – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Papua New Guinea – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Paraguay – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 89.5%; Protestant – 6.0%; Other – 2.0%; Nonreligious – 2.5%)
Paraguay – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Paraguay – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Peru – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 90%; Protestant (Anglican, Methodist, Evangelical Christian) – 8%; Other – 2%);
Peru – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Peru – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Philippines – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholicism – 80%; Protestant – 10%; Muslim – 5%; Other – 5%);
Philippines – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Philippines – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Poland – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 93%; Other Catholic – 0.5%; Orthodox Christian – 1.3%; Nonreligious – 4%; Other – 1.2%);
Poland – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Poland – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Portugal – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 89%; Protestant – 4%; Other Christian – 3%; Other – 1%; None – 3%);
Portugal – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Portugal – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Qatar – Country overview**; Islam**; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim (predominantly Sunni with some Shiite) – 92-95%; Other (Christian, Hindu, Bahai) – 5-8%);
Qatar – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Qatar – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Republic of the Congo – Country overview**; Christianity***; African traditional religions***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 50%; African traditional religions – 48%; Muslim – 0.8%; Other – 1.2%);
Republic of the Congo – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Republic of the Congo – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Republic of the Congo – African traditional religions – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Romania – Country overview**; Romanian Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Orthodox Church – 86.7%; Roman Catholic – 4.7%; Reformed – 3.2%; Pentecostal – 1.5%; Greek Catholic – 0.9%; Baptist – 0.6%; Seventh-day Adventist – 0.4%; Unitarian – 0.3%; Muslim – 0.3%; Christian of Old Rite – 0.2%; Christian according to the Gospels – 0.2%; Other – 1.0%);
Romania – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Romania – Romanian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Russia – Country overview**; Russian Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Orthodox Christian – 33.0-40.0%; Muslim – 8.0-10.0%; Buddhist – 0.7%; Jewish – 0.7%; Protestant – 0.7%; Roman Catholic – 0.2%; Other - >1.0%; Nonreligious – 46.7-55.7%);
Russia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Russia – Russian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Rwanda – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 65%; African traditional religions – 23%; Protestant – 10%; Muslim – 1%; Other – 1%);
Rwanda – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Rwanda – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Country overview**; Anglicanism***; Methodism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Anglicanism – 27.5%; Methodist – 25.3%; Moravian – 7.3%; Roman Catholic – 6.9%; Pentecostal – 5.5%; Church of God – 4.3%; Baptist – 3.9%; Seventh-day Adventist – 3.5%; Wesleyan Holiness – 2.7%; Brethren – 1.8%; Rastafarian – 0.7%; Hindu – 0.4%; Salvation Army – 0.1%; Muslim – 0.1%; Other – 4.1%; Undesignated – 5.9%);
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Anglicanism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Methodism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Saint Lucia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 79%; Seventh-day Adventist – 7%; Pentecostalist – 3%; Anglican – 2%; Other – 9%);
Saint Lucia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Saint Lucia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Country overview**; Anglicanism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 17.75%; Pentecostal – 17.6%; Methodist – 10.9%; Seventh-day Adventist – 10.2%; Spiritual Baptist – 9.95%; Roman Catholic – 7.45%; Other (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Hindu, Jehovah's Witnesses, Bahai, and those with no religious affiliation) – 26.15%);
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Anglicanism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Samoa – Country overview**; Congregational Christian Church in Samoa***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Congregationalist – 34.7%; Roman Catholic – 19.7%; Methodist – 15.0%; Mormon – 12.7%; Other – 17.9%%);
Samoa – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Samoa – Congregational Christian Church in Samoa – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
San Marino – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 99%; Other – 1%);
San Marino – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
San Marino – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
São Tomé and Príncipe – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 89.5%; Other Christian – 6.3%; Bahai – 2.1%; African traditional – 1.1%; Nonreligious – 1.0%);
São Tomé and Príncipe – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
São Tomé and Príncipe – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Saudi Arabia – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Sunni Islam – 95.5-96.5%; Shia Muslim – 1-2%; Christian – 2.5%);
Saudi Arabia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Saudi Arabia – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Senegal – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 94%; Roman Catholic – 4.9%; African traditional religions – 1%; Protestant – 0.1%);
Senegal – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Senegal – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Serbia and Montenegro – Country overview**; Serbian Orthodox Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Serbian Orthodox Church – 68%; Muslim – 20%; Roman Catholic – 5%; Protestant – 2%; Other – 5%);
Serbia and Montenegro – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Serbia and Montenegro – Serbian Orthodox Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact**;
Seychelles – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christianity – 95.9%; Other – 4.1%);
Seychelles – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Seychelles – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Shinto – Overview*; History***; Torii*; Glossary**; Central doctrines*; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; What Is a Kami?*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals**; Is Shinto a Religion?*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography**;
Sierra Leone – Country overview**; Islam***; African traditional religion***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 60%; African traditional religion – 30%; Christian – 10%);
Sierra Leone – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Sierra Leone – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Sierra Leone – African traditional religion – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Sikhism – Overview**; History***; Khanda*; Glossary**; Central doctrines***; The Adi Granth*; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Major Subgroups of Sikhs**; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Religious tolerance**; Social justice**; Social aspects**; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**;
Singapore – Country overview**; Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Buddhist – 42.5%; Muslim – 15%; Nonreligious – 15%; Christian – 14.5%; Taoist – 8.5%; Hindu – 4%; Other – 0.5%);
Singapore – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Singapore – Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Slovakia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 68.9%; Evangelical (Lutheran) – 6.9%; Greek Catholic – 4.1%; Reformed – 2.0%; Not affiliated – 13.0%; Other – 5.1%);
Slovakia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Slovakia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Slovenia – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 57.8%; Refused to answer – 15.7%; Atheist – 10.1%; Unknown – 7.1%; Nonconfessional believers – 3.5%; Muslim – 2.4%; Orthodox – 2.3%; Protestant – 0.9%; Other – 0.2%);
Slovenia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Slovenia – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Solomon Islands – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Anglican – 34%; Roman Catholic – 19%; South Sea Evangelical (Baptist) – 17%; United Church of Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands – 11%; Seventh-day Adventist – 10%; Other Protestant – 5%; Traditionalist – 4%);
Solomon Islands – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Solomon Islands – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Somalia – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 99.96%; Christian – 0.04%);
Somalia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Somalia – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
South Africa – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions***; Bibliography*; (Christian – 74.1%; Traditional – 18.3%; Muslim – 1.4%; Hindu – 1.3%; Jewish – 0.2%; Other – 4.7%);
South Africa – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
South Africa – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
South Korea – Country overview**; Christianity***; Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 24.2%; Buddhist – 23.3%; Confucianist – 1.0%; Shamanist – 1.0%; Wonbulgyo – 0.3%; Chendogyo – 0.2%; Other religions (including Daejonggyo, Taoist, Eastern Orthodox Christian, Muslim, Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormon, Jeondogwan, Unification Church, Soka Gakkai, and Tenrikyo) – 3.0%; Nonreligious – 47.0%);
South Korea – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
South Korea – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
South Korea – Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Spain – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 82.1%; Other – 2.0%; None – 14.6%; Unknown – 1.3%);
Spain – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Spain – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Sri Lanka – Country overview**; Theravada Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Buddhist – 69%; Hindu – 15%; Christian – 8%; Muslim – 7%; Other – 1%);
Sri Lanka – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Sri Lanka – Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Sudan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 70%; African traditional religions – 18-20%; Christian – 10-12%);
Sudan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Sudan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Suriname – Country overview**; Hinduism**; Protestantism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Hindu – 27.4%; Protestant – 25.2%; Roman Catholic – 22.8%; Muslim – 19.6%; Other – 5%);
Suriname – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Suriname – Hinduism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Suriname – Protestantism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Swaziland – Country overview**; Christianity***; Swazi traditional religion***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Christian – 66%; Swazi traditional religion – 33%; Other (Baha'i and Muslim) – 1%);
Swaziland – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Swaziland – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Swaziland – Swazi traditional religion – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Sweden – Country overview*; Church of Sweden***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Church of Sweden – 84%; Other Christian – 5.2%; Islam – 2%; Other – 8.8%);
Sweden – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Sweden – Church of Sweden – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Switzerland – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 79.3%; Muslim – 4.3%; Hindu – 0.4%; Buddhist – 0.3%; Jewish – 0.2%; Other – 0.1%; Nonreligious – 11.1%; No indication – 4.3%);
Switzerland – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Switzerland – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Syria – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 74%; Alawite – 12%; Christian – 10%; Druze – 3%; Other – 1%);
Syria – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Syria – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Taiwan – Country overview**; Chinese religion***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Chinese religion (Buddhist, Taoist, Confucian, and Chinese folk religion) – 89.1%; I-kuan Tao – 3.9%; Protestant – 2.6%; Roman Catholic – 1.3%; Other – 3.1%);
Taiwan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Taiwan – Chinese religion – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tajikistan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Islam – 95%; Other – 5%);
Tajikistan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Tajikistan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tanzania – Country overview**; Christianity***; Islam**; African traditional beliefs***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Christian – 40%; Muslim – 39%; African traditional religions – 20%; Other (Hindu, Sikh) – 1%);
Tanzania – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Tanzania – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tanzania – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tanzania – African traditional beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Taoism – Overview**; Yin yang*; History***; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Glossary***; Sacred books*; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Organizational structure*; “Northern Taoism” and “Southern Taoism”*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*; Bibliography*;
Thailand – Country overview**; Theravada Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Buddhist – 90%; Muslim – 3%; Christian – 0.5%; Hindu – 0.1%; Other – 6.4%);
Thailand – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Thailand – Theravada Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?**; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Togo – Country overview**; Christianity***; Vodun***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Vodun (Voodoo) – 27%; Roman Catholic – 24%; Sunni Muslim – 12%; Protestant – 8%; African Independent churches – 1%; Other African indigenous religions – 28%);
Togo – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Togo – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Togo – Vodun – Date of origin**; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tonga – Country overview**; Free Wesleyan Church***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Free Wesleyan Church – 35%; Roman Catholic – 15%; Mormon – 15%; Free Church of Tonga – 10%; Church of Tonga – 6%; Seventh-day Adventist – 4%: Tokaikolo Fellowship – 4%; Assemblies of God – 2%; Other – 10%);
Tonga – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Tonga – Free Wesleyan Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Trinidad and Tobago – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 29.4%; Hindu – 23.8%; Anglican – 10.9%; Muslim – 5.8%; Presbyterian – 3.4%; Other – 26.7%);
Trinidad and Tobago – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Trinidad and Tobago – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tunisia – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 99.7%; Other – 0.3%);
Tunisia – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Tunisia – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Turkey – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 84%; Alevi and other Muslim – 15%; Other (Armenian Catholic, Chaldean, Greek Catholic, Jacobite, Jewish, Protestant, Orthodox Christian, Roman Catholic) – 1%;
Turkey – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Turkey – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Turkmenistan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 89%; Eastern Orthodox – 9%; Other – 2%);
Turkmenistan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Turkmenistan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Tuvalu – Country overview**; Tuvalu Christian Church***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Tuvalu Christian Church – 92%; Seventh-day Adventist – 2.4%; Bahai – 1.8%; Jehovah's Witnesses – 1.3%; Roman Catholic – 0.5%; Other – 2%);
Tuvalu – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Tuvalu – Tuvalu Christian Church – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Uganda – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 78%; Muslim – 9%; African indigenous beliefs – 8%; African independent churches – 4%; Other – 1%);
Uganda – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Uganda – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Ukraine – Country overview**; Eastern Orthodoxy***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Eastern Orthodox Christian – 61%; Greek Catholic – 8%; Protestant – 3%; Roman Catholic – 1%; Muslim – 1%; Jewish – 0.6%; Slavic (Ukrainian) pagan – 0.2%; Hindu, Buddhist, and practitioners of other Eastern religions) – 0.1%; Other – 0.1%; Nonaffiliated – 25%);
Ukraine – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Ukraine – Eastern Orthodoxy – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact**; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
United Arab Emirates – Country overview**; Sunni Islam***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 80%; Shiite Muslim – 16%; Other – 4%);
United Arab Emirates – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
United Arab Emirates – Sunni Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress**; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage**; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
United Kingdom – Country overview**; Church of England***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Anglican (including Church of England) – 39.4%; Roman Catholic – 12.5%; Presbyterian (including the Church of Scotland) – 5.5%; Other Christian – 8.2%; Muslim – 2.7%; Hindu – 1.0%; Sikh – 0.6%; Jewish – 0.5%; Buddhist – 0.3%; Other – 0.3%; No religion – 29.0%);
United Kingdom – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
United Kingdom – Church of England – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
United States of America – Country overview**; Protestantism***; Roman Catholicism***; Native American religions***; Other religions***; Bibliography*; (Protestant – 52%; Roman Catholic – 24%; Jewish – 3%; Other (Other Christian, Native American religions, Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim, New religious movements, Shaker, Mormon, Seventh-day Adventist, Jehovah's Witnesses, Nonreligious) – 12%;
United States of America – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
United States of America – Protestantism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History***; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
United States of America – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
United States of America – Native American religions – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Uruguay – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 64.8%; Atheist – 6.3%; Protestant – 3.3%; Jewish – 1.2%; Other and nonaffiliated – 24.4%);
Uruguay – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Uruguay – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History*; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Uzbekistan – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Muslim – 88%; Eastern Orthodox – 9%; Other - 3%);
Uzbekistan – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance**;
Uzbekistan – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Vanuatu – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Presbyterian – 32%; Anglican – 14%; Roman Catholicism – 13%; Seventh-day Adventist – 11%; Church of Christ – 4%; Assemblies of God – 4%; Neil Thomas Ministries – 3%; Other – 11.4%; Indigenous beliefs – 7.6%);
Vanuatu – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Vanuatu – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Vatican City – Country overview**; Roman Catholicism**; Other religions*; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 100%);
Vatican City – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Vatican City – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Venezuela – Country overview*; Roman Catholicism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Roman Catholic – 80%; Pentecostal – 5-7%; Other Protestant – 1%; Other religions – 12-14%);
Venezuela – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Venezuela – Roman Catholicism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership**; Social justice*; Social aspects**; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Vietnam – Country overview**; Mahayana Buddhism***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Buddhist – 84%; Christian – 10%; Cao Dai – 3%; Hoa Hao – 2%; Other – 1%);
Vietnam – Country overview – Introduction*; Religious tolerance*;
Vietnam – Mahayana Buddhism – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Yemen – Country overview**; Islam***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Sunni Muslim – 65%; Zaydi Shia Muslim – 34%; Ismaili Shia Muslim - >1%; Jewish - >1%; Christian - >1%; Hindu - >1%);
Yemen – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Yemen – Islam – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors**; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Zambia – Country overview**; Christianity***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 87.0%; Muslim – 0.4%; Hindu – 0.1%; Other – 7.2%; Nonreligious – 5.3%);
Zambia – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Zambia – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders**; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Zimbabwe – Country overview**; Christianity***; African traditional beliefs***; Other religions**; Bibliography*; (Christian – 48.5%; African traditional religion – 47%; Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and other – 4.5%;
Zimbabwe – Country overview – Introduction**; Religious tolerance*;
Zimbabwe – Christianity – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact*;
Zimbabwe – African traditional beliefs – Date of origin*; Number of followers*; History**; Early and modern leaders*; Major theologians and authors*; Houses of worship and holy places*; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals*; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Social justice*; Social aspects*; Political impact*; Controversial issues*; Cultural impact*;
Zoroastrianism – Overview*; History***; The Guardian Spirit*; Glossary**; Central doctrines**; Moral code of conduct**; Sacred books**; Sacred symbols*; Early and modern leaders**; The Impact of Zoroastrianism on Major Religions*; Major theologians and authors**; Organizational structure*; Houses of worship and holy places**; What is sacred?*; Holidays and festivals**; Mode of dress*; Dietary practices*; Rituals**; The Diminishing Population of Zoroastrians*; Rites of passage*; Membership*; Religious tolerance*; Social justice**; Social aspects*; Controversial issues**; Cultural impact**; Bibliography**;