B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL10 gene.[5][6] Like BCL2, BCL3, BCL5, BCL6, BCL7A, and BCL9, it has clinical significance in lymphoma.
Bcl10 was identified by its translocation in a case of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The protein encoded by this gene contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and has been shown to activate NF-κB. This protein is reported to interact with other CARD and coiled coil domain containing proteins including CARD9, -10, -11 and -14, which are thought to function as upstream regulators in NF-κB signaling. This protein is found to form a complex with the paracaspase MALT1, a protein encoded by another gene known to be translocated in MALT lymphoma. MALT1 and Bcl10 thought to synergize in the activation of NF-κB, and the deregulation of either of them may contribute to the same pathogenetic process that leads to the malignancy.[6] Bcl10 is evolutionary conserved since cnidaria and has been shown to be functionally conserved all the way back to zebrafish.[7][8] Notably, just like the upstream CARD-CC family, Bcl10 is absent in insects and nematodes, and the correlated phylogenetic distribution of Bcl10 and CARD-CC proteins indicate a conserved complex.
BCL10 has been shown to interact with: