v t e Private equity and venture capital
Investment types	Buyout Leveraged Venture Mezzanine Growth Secondaries Equity co-investment
History	Early history 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s
Terms and concepts	Buyout Financial sponsor Management buyout Divisional buyout Buy–sell agreement Leveraged recapitalization Dividend recapitalization Venture Angel investor Business incubator Post-money valuation Pre-money valuation SAFE Seed money Startup company Venture capital financing Venture debt Venture round Structure Private equity firms and funds Limited partnership Limited liability company Carried interest Management fee Pledge fund Publicly traded private equity Business Development Company Venture capital trust Private investment in public equity (PIPE) SPAC
Investors	Corporations Institutional investors Pension funds Insurance companies Fund of funds Endowments Foundations Investment banks Merchant banks Commercial banks High-net-worth individuals Family offices Sovereign wealth funds Crowdfunding
Related financial terms	AUM Cap table Capital call Capital commitment Capital structure Distribution waterfall EBITDA Envy ratio High-yield debt IPO IRR Leverage Liquidation preference M&A PME Taxation of private equity and hedge funds Undercapitalization Vintage year
Private equity and venture capital investors Private equity firms List of private equity firms Venture capital firms List of venture capital firms Angel investors Portfolio companies

Private equity portfolio companies are those companies with either current or previous private equity ownership: