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((Unreferenced|auto=yes|date=December 2009))
((Flavour_quantum_numbers))
'''Charm''' (symbol '''''C''''') is a [[flavour quantum number]] representing the difference between the number of [[charm quark]]s  (((SubatomicParticle|charm quark))) and [[charm antiquark]]s (((SubatomicParticle|Charm antiquark))) that are present in a particle:
:<math>C = n_\text{c} - n_{\mathrm{\bar{c))}\ </math>

By convention, the sign of flavour quantum numbers agree with the sign of the [[electric charge]] carried by the [[quark]]s of corresponding flavour. The charm quark, which carries an electric charge (''Q'') of +((Frac|2|3)), therefore carries a charm of +1. The charm antiquarks have the opposite [[charge (physics)|charge]] (((Nowrap|''Q'' ((=)) &minus;((Frac|2|3))))), and flavour quantum numbers (((Nowrap|''C'' ((=)) &minus;1))).

As with any flavour-related quantum numbers, charm is preserved under [[strong interaction|strong]] and [[electromagnetic interaction]], but not under [[weak interaction]] (see [[CKM matrix]]). For first-order weak decays, that is processes involving only one quark decay, charm can only vary by 1 (((Nowrap|''ΔC''((=)) ±1,0))). Since first-order processes are more common than second-order processes (involving two quark decays), this can be used as an approximate "[[selection rule]]" for weak decays.

==See also==
* [[Quantum number]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
*[https://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/0906/0906.1271v2.pdf Lessons in Particle Physics] Luis Anchordoqui and [[Francis Halzen]], University of Wisconsin, 18th Dec. 2009

((DEFAULTSORT:Charm (Quantum Number)))
[[Category:Quarks]]
[[Category:Flavour (particle physics)]]

[[he:קסם (פיזיקה)]]

((particle-stub))

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